1) Inter-process communication is the activity of data sharing across multiple and very often specialized processes using communication protocols. In this process, usually clients and servers are being involved, where the client requests the data and the server responds to the requests.

2) The maximum size of a UDP datagram is theoretically speaking 65,535 bytes (8 byte header and 65,527 byte data). Using packet-based protocol such as UDP is advantageous when error checking and correction is not necessary or is performed in the application layer. Time-sensitive applications such as VoIP or online games usually use UDP because dropping packets is prefered over waiting for delayed packets. Using stream protocol has the advantage of being reliable and provides ordered and error-checked delivery of stream of octets.

3)
TCP makes sure that data reaches its destination, that it reaches it without any duplication and that it reaches it in time.
In TCP, all the work is done by the operating system, even the debugging.
It automatically breaks up data into packets.
Good failure recovery
TCP doesn’t interrupt existing services when it adds networks
High error-rate handling
Platform independence
Low data overhead

4) htons() host to …show more content…
The functions htonl() and htons() convert from the local machine’s byte ordering system to the so called Network Byte Order. In this way, port numbers (as an example) are converted to Network Byte Order before being sent to a client/server. The differences between htonl() and htons() is that htonl() converts 32-bit integers while htons() converts 16-bit integers. The functions ntohs() and ntohl() are opposites to the ones mentioned. The function ntohs() converts 16-bit integers from Network Byte Order to the local machine’s byte order while ntohl() converts 32-bit integers from Network Byte Order to the local machine’s byte