...pollution. All of the world barrels of oil reserves have already declined and glaciers are melting. If people don’t invest to find new energy sources, a lot of big problems will come in the future. Tues, creating a new energy could be solutions for the problems which people have so far and in a future. In this respect, the alternative energy sources that have become a hot issue in the world are solar energy, nuclear energy and wind power. Energy Problems People all of world realized energy problems that people face so far. There are not only energy problems but also environmental problems too. The energy sources that people every day use are fossil fuels and oil. Stein and Powers (2011) explained disposal of fossil fuels are cause of environmental problems such as global warming. People need to find out the ways to avoid greenhouse effect. Other kinds of fossil fuels such as coal or oil are also not a perfect energy. They have some toxic. There are some problems about coal. Coal can’t use for mobile applications because coal is suitable fuel for stationary power operation. (Stein and Powers, 2011). Coal is cheap energy source. However it can’t be a fuel for automobile. Another problem that coal has is toxic. It is harmful for people. Coal has carbon dioxide generation. Carbon dioxide is released by burning coal or other fossil. In addition, while it is burning, there are many impurities in coal and it...
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...heat and light . The only practical short term solution for the energy-crisis is nuclear power. Nuclear power, however is not as safe as burning coal, gas or oil in a factory it is in fact, much more dangerous, There are dangers associated with a nuclear power plant which far out weigh the benefits to society as a whole and in part to the community living and working around the power plant . About 20 percent of our nation's total electrical consumption per year is supplied by nuclear power from the 100 or so nuclear power plants throughout the country . Even though atomic power has been in use for over 50 years it was primarily a tool of war and destruction when the war ended need for atomic bombs diminished . The scientists who created the weapons were out of jobs . They then turned this destructive power into huge plants generating "clean and cheap " electricity for the country . It was called progress. Progress also brought with it sickness , mutations , cancer and eventually death to those exposed to high levels of radiation . Government declared that nuclear power is safe and efficient . Also have big Oil corporations who have a lot of money invested in nuclear power and want to see as many plants as possible put into and kept in operation . The truth is that accidents do happen at nuclear power plants and at other facilities all the time . An accident at a nuclear power plant has the potential to be much more devastating than an accident at a coal...
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...Nuclear power is the use of nuclear reactions that release nuclear energy to generate heat, which most frequently is used in steam turbines to produce electricity in a nuclear power plant. The term includes nuclear fission, nuclear decay and nuclear fusion. Cost estimates for new nuclear plant construction rose from between $2 billion and $4 billion per unit to $9 billion per unit, according to a 2009 UCS report. Also, there is no way to dispose of the radioactive wastes that were produced and by not disposing of this can cause radiation leaks and dangerous explosions which can harm the environment and the people around it. Although using this method to power electricity is expensive there are some positives. Like, it produces an immense amount...
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...In this day and age, nuclear power is seen as a menacing and unnecessary solution to providing the world with its energy and electricity. However, when looking at the facts nuclear power is far more beneficial than harmful, especially compared to some of the most common sources of energy being widely used today. Nuclear power has many advantages, some of them being environmental, international relations and safety. Some may argue that nuclear power may damage the environment with waste and mining, however recent research has proved that nuclear power is one of the more environmentally friendly sources of energy. These advantages greatly outweigh the possible disadvantages, making nuclear power the better alternative for energy and electricity....
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...JGE236 MDG Assigment By: Saarangan Yogarasa, Nick Priore and Sarah Jeong Introduction: The planet that is home to all known life in the universe has been facing hardships since its formation almost five billion years ago. However, the rapid evolution and advancement of the human race has put the Earth through its greatest challenge yet. The last few centuries saw the Earth undergo massive irreversible damage at the hands of the human race. Although previous attempts were made at dealing with the problem of environmental damage and the non-sustainable use of resources, none were as clear-cut and globally united as the Millennium Development Goals. The Millennium Development Goals, hereafter referred to as the MDG, was signed by all 193 members of the United Nations. The MDG focuses on a wide range of human problems; from poverty and health to environmental damage and the non-sustainability of the current resource usage (Nations, 2010). This was so important because it was the first time that so many nations united together to attempt to solve the world’s biggest problems. Although a lot of the set targets were very ambitious, they were certainly within the realm of reality with proper funding and planning. The following report proposes a plan to carry out a sub-section of one of the goals in one region of the world. Although it would be a very small scale when considering all the goals of the MDG and all the regions of the world, it would provide a morale booster that shows...
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...Why nuclear power will never supply the world's energy needs Nuclear power plant in Dukovany, Czech Republic. Image credit: Petr Adamek. (PhysOrg.com) -- The 440 commercial nuclear reactors in use worldwide are currently helping to minimize our consumption of fossil fuels, but how much bigger can nuclear power get? In an analysis to be published in a future issue of the Proceedings of the IEEE, Derek Abbott, Professor of Electrical and Electronic Engineering at the University of Adelaide in Australia, has concluded that nuclear power cannot be globally scaled to supply the world’s energy needs for numerous reasons. The results suggest that we’re likely better off investing in other energy solutions that are truly scalable. As Abbott notes in his study, global power consumption today is about 15 terawatts (TW). Currently, the global nuclear power supply capacity is only 375 gigawatts (GW). In order to examine the large-scale limits of nuclear power, Abbott estimates that to supply 15 TW with nuclear only, we would need about 15,000 nuclear reactors. In his analysis, Abbott explores the consequences of building, operating, and decommissioning 15,000 reactors on the Earth, looking at factors such as the amount of land required, radioactive waste, accident rate, risk of proliferation into weapons, uranium abundance and extraction, and the exotic metals used to build the reactors themselves. "A nuclear power station is resource-hungry and, apart from the fuel, uses many...
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...types of energy are wind power, solar power, geothermal power, hydroelectric power, and nuclear energy. In the next paragraphs, I’m going to explain the reasons why the world needs alternative energy and how the energy is harnessed. First type of alternative energy is wind power. Using large blades can capture the winds power. The wind causes the blade to rotate turning into electrical current. Electric generators harness all the energy and distribute it to small towns or larger scale towns. There are some advantages for using wind power. First, it causes no pollution. Meaning there are no harmful by-products. Keeping the world safe. Second, wind power is a renewable source; we will never run out of wind. Third, wind turbines can be placed practically anywhere. All you need is a good source of wind. As with any energy source, there are always some concerns. One concern is that wind is never constant. Some days there is significant amount of wind. Then the next day no wind at all. Another concern is that residents that live next to turbine blades think they are ugly. Second type of alternative energy is solar power. This is created by capturing the sun’s rays into solar cells also known as solar panels. The captured sunlight is charged into electricity. Solar energy is the most common used source. The majorities of the people have solar panels on there home, or planning to purchase some. Buying solar panels can save you money in the end. Solar power has some advantages as an...
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...Energy Solar and wind power 10/14/2012 [Type the abstract of the document here. The abstract is typically a short summary of the contents of the document. Type the abstract of the document here. The abstract is typically a short summary of the contents of the document.] Abstract This paper will review solar and wind energy as the alternative energy sources to replace fossil fuels and nuclear energy. Solar and wind energy has experienced phenomenal growth in recent years due to both technological improvements resulting in cost reductions and government policies supportive of renewable energy development and utilization. Fossils fuels and nuclear energy have been the world’s main source of energy for years but, with global warming and with a recent melt down at a Japanese nuclear plant many are questioning is it time to use other alternatives energy sources. Although both alternative energy sources are safer than fossil fuels and nuclear energy the world has been reluctant to switch power sources. The recent severe energy crisis has forced the world to develop new and alternative methods of power generation, which could not be adopted so far due to various reasons. Solar energy represents our largest source of renewable energy supply. The Sun is naturally Earth’s most abundant energy source and will be around for billions of years. This is a resource that essentially human beings won’t be worried about running out of anytime soon. Wind Energy, like solar is a free...
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...another form of energy. By using energy efficient appliances doesn’t mean you don’t use energy it just means that that energy is being converted into a different form of energy within your home. There are many forms of energy: Fossil Fuels, Nuclear Energy, Solar Energy, Wind Power, Water (hydro) Power, and Bioconversion (biofuel). Fossil Fuels: In 2007, “The U.S Energy Information Administration (EIA)” has determined that 86.4% of the main energy depletion that can be traced back to non-renewable sources. Pros: Well Developed: the reason fossil fuels is used is because it is the one that is well developed and has been used all around the world Cheap and Reliable: this is cheapest source of energy and the most reliable to use for the base-load. Cons: Contribute to Global Warming: this source of energy is not “green” and contains high amount of carbon Non-Renewable: Fossil fuels are a non-renewable energy source. What this means is that there is a limited quantity of fossil fuels that is offered and the energy are not replaced logically; and that fossil fuels are products of masses of years of the regular process like anaerobic breakdown of the carbon-based substance. As divergent to renewable energy foundations such as wind and solar, it can take many existences previously...
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...Part A: Basic Nuclear Concepts and Calculations 1. NU235=(2)e(-.693*4.5X10^9)/7.10*10^8=-4.455 NU238=(100)e(-.693*4.5X10^9)/4.5X10^9=-.693 Now to find the ratio: -4.445/-.693=6.43 2. 1kg235U= 1 kg x 1000g/1 kg x gmol/235g x(6.022 x 1023)atoms/gmol x 3.2 x 10-11J/atom= 8.2x 1013J/kg=8200 x 1010kJ/kg=82 TJ/kg235U 1kg CH4= 802 kJ/1 mol CH4x 1 mol CH4/16.0 g CH4= 50 kJ/g CH4x 1000 = 50,000kJ/kg CH4=50,000kJ/ 1,000,000,000kJ= 0.0005 TJ/ g CH4 82 TJ/ kg235U/0.00005 TJ/kg CH4= 1.64 x 106TJ/1 3.What is the ratio of the energy released by the fusion of 1.0 kg of hydrogen to that released by fission of 1.0 kg of Uranium-235? Energy released by U-235 = 3.2 x 10-11J/atom x 2.56 x 1024atoms = 8.2 x 1014J/kg U-235 or 82 TJ/ kg U-235 Energy released by 1000 g of hydrogen = 1000 g H – 993 g He= 7 g of matter converted into energy using Einstein’s energy equation E = mc2. Convert the grams to kilograms= 7 g/1000g = .007 kg = 7.0 x 10-3kg E = (7.0 x 10-3kg) x (9.0 x 1016m2/s2) = 6.3 x 1014kg *m2/s2 The ratio of energy of U-235/H = (8.2 x 1014J/kg)/ (6.3 x 1014kg*m2/s2) The unit kg*m2/s2= one joule so convert the ratio to this: 1 kg*m2/s2x (8.2 x 1014J) / (6.3 x 1014J) = 1.3016 J/1 Given the obvious advantage in energy production, briefly describe some of the difficulties in designing and operating a fusion power plant to explain why there are no commercial fusion power plants in operation today. Nuclear fusion has often been hailed as the silver bullet solution to the...
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...generated at a power station by electromechanical generators, primarily driven by heat engines fueled by chemical combustion or nuclear fission but also by other means such as the kinetic energy of flowing water and wind. * Electricity has been generated at central stations since 1882. * The first power plants were run on water power or coal. * And today, rely mainly on coal, nuclear, natural gas, hydroelectric, wind generators, and petroleum, with a small amount from solar energy, tidal power, and geothermal sources. * System components: Generation, transmission, and distribution. * Electromagnetic induction, where an electric generator, dynamo or alternator transforms kinetic energy (energy of motion) into electricity. * Electrochemistry, the direct transformation of chemical energy into electricity, as in a battery, fuel cell or nerve impulse * Photovoltaic effect, the transformation of light into electrical energy, as in solar cells * Thermoelectric effect, the direct conversion of temperature differences to electricity * A non-renewable resource=Coal, diesel, gas and nuclear. * Renewable resources(naturel resource)= solar, wind, water, wave, biomass and geothermal, fuel cells, tidal. * Thermal power plant * Hydraulic power - Converts high pressure water from the dam or river to electricity. -3 Types of hydraulic power plant: high, medium, low * Hydraulic power plant-dam, penstock, turbine, generator, power line * 1...
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... Energy resources with low or negative net energy need help to compete in the marketplace • Any energy resource with a low or negative net energy ratio cannot compete in the open marketplace with other energy alternatives with higher net energy ratios unless it receives financial support from the government (taxpayers) or other outside sources of funding. – For example, the low net energy yield for the nuclear power fuel cycle is one reason why many governments throughout the world must heavily support nuclear power financially to make it available to consumers at an affordable price. Section 13-2 WHAT ARE THE ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF FOSSIL FUELS? Fossil fuels supply most of our commercial energy • The direct input of solar energy produces several other forms of renewable energy resources that: wind, flowing water, and biomass. • Most commercial energy comes from extracting and burning nonrenewable energy resources obtained from the earth’s crust. – 87% from carbon-containing fossil fuels (oil, natural gas, and coal). – 6% from nuclear power. – 8% from...
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...source. Fossil fuel is cheap and there are no other things needed to gather energy from this fuel, it is considered being a reliable source of energy. Think about load-based needs, fossil fuel is more preferred then other sources of energy that are consider being unreliable. The cons of using fossil fuel are that it contributes to the worsening of global warming. Fossil fuel is not an environment-friendly source of energy even dough it is consider a natural source. It is the main contributors in global warming due to it releasing high amounts of carbon. Nuclear energy unlike fossil fuel does not release smoke in the atmosphere. It is ran off electricity by splitting atoms in a sequence of nuclear reactions, better known as nuclear fusion. The white plumes you see rising from cooling towers are non-more than steam; nuclear energy is considered to be carbon-free and produces more electricity unlike solar or wind. The con of using nuclear energy is that it can be used for weaponry, as in...
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...multiple forms of renewable energy. I will lay out the advantages and disadvantages of each form of renewable energy and how they affect people, wildlife, and our environment. The Law of Conservation of Energy The Law of Conservation of Energy states that the total amount of energy in an isolated system remains constant over time (is said to be conserved over time) although energy within the system can be changed from one form to another or transferred from one object to another (Law of Conservation, n.d.). This law applies to energy use in that we are taking a form of energy and changing it into a different form. We are not actually using up the energy but changing the form of it from one to another. An example of this can be solar energy. We take the energy from the sun and change it into usable energy for our homes, businesses, schools, and hospitals. This law also applies to energy conservation in that some energy is always wasted when being changed from one form into another. It is impossible to change energy without actually wasting some of it. In many energy conversions, more energy is wasted that is used for work such as automobile engines, they typically waste more than two-thirds of the total energy used, primarily through heat (Law of Conservation, n.d.). Fossil fuels such as oil, natural gas, and coal were formed many hundreds of millions of years ago before the time of dinosaurs, hence the name fossil fuels (Where Fossil Fuels Come From , 2012). Coal...
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...Nuclear Energy in the UAE The United Arab Emirates’ annual economic growth is three times the world average. It is also expected that the energy requirements in the UAE are to more than double by 2020 (Nuclear Power in the United Arab Emirates, 2015). Subsequently, maintaining a constant seamless energy flow is key to maintaining the thriving economic growth of the UAE, even increasing it. In relation, the eventual limitedness and diminishing of petroleum in the Gulf region over the next half century squeezes the issue further more and turns it into a national concern; predominately with the possible repercussions on the UAE’s prosperous economy. Looking forward, the UAE government is embarking upon a nuclear program to build four nuclear reactors at Barakah near the capital Abu Dhabi by 2020, declaring nuclear energy to be the most practical solution to the rapidly growing energy requirements in the UAE. Critics of this plan deem it to be expensive, extremely risky, and an unwise move given the UAE’s geographical position in the middle of an area sparked by political tension due to nuclear issues in Iran and terrorist organizations in the Levant and Yemen. Despite the aforementioned criticism, nuclear energy is unequivocally the most efficient solution to address the rapidly growing energy requirements in the UAE, a capable long-term replacement for oil, and a potential imperative factor in mitigating CO2 emissions in the UAE, consequently preserving the environment and the...
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