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Omissions in Translating Subtitles

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1. FILM TRANSLATION

1. THE SPECIFIC FEATURES OF FILM TRANSLATION
Film translation is a relatively new branch of translation studies. At the onset of the film making history all productions were silent movies. Ironically this technical difficulty made the early film industry a highly international phenomenon. At that time German, French, Italian and British films were vastly more popular than they are today with only a third of films screened in America being domestic productions. (Cronin, 2009: 2) First films have been translated in Europe during the 1930’s, though the word “translation” may not adequately portrait the process. At that time big film studios simply produced a few separate movies in different languages based on the same scenario. It was only in the 1980’s that a theoretical background started being developed for the 50 year old practice of translating films. (Tomaszkiewicz, 2006: 103) There were considerable controversies even concerning the choice of a name for the new branch of translation studies. In the narrow sense it can be called film translation or cinema translation. However, there are certain similarities between translating films, music, video games and other relatively new means of transferring information, all those together can be called audio-visual translation or (multi)media translation. (Ramael 2001: 13-14). However we decide to call the discipline, it combines aspects of literary and oral translation. On the one hand, it is similar to translating literature in that a movie script is sometimes seen as being a book with only dialogues included and other elements being represented visually. On the other hand, however, it has elements of oral translation, because the dialogues are created to reflect natural, real life speech (Belczyk 2007: 6-7). Another unusual element of audiovisual translation is the fact that the

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