...African slave that was brought to America in the mid to late 1700’s. Her new slave owners in Boston had an immensely unique relationship with her. They taught Wheatley how to read and write which eventually led her to become an influential poet. She has created many poems in her life regarding her outlook on slavery. In one particular poem, “On Being Brought from Africa to America”, Wheatley shows her positive and uplifting stance on slavery. CARRETTA, VINCENT. "Phillis Wheatley: Researching A Life." Historical Journal Of Massachusetts 43.2 (2015): 64-89. America: History and Life with Full Text. Web. 22 Mar. 2016. Vincent Carretta created an article to detail the life of Phillis Wheatley which ultimately assists readers in understanding why she was so uplifting in her poetry. He begins with a brief introduction on her early life and background. Shortly after discussing Wheatley’s early life, Carretta brings in a new perspective on her stating, “The literary quality and the political significance of her writings have been challenged since the eighteenth century” (Corretta 66). The statement he presents shows an interesting view when dealing with a poet who is so significant in literature. He later speaks of Wheatley’s husband and other trips she had taken away from Africa. The situations Carretta informs readers on brings insight on Wheatley’s life and how/why she became the type of woman she did. Frazier, Tom. "On Being Brought From Africa To America." Masterplots II: Poetry...
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...I am an African American from Little Rock, Arkansas. I am going to tell you a story of my people and how we got to where we are today. African Americans are originally from Africa, a large continent across the Atlantic Ocean. Throughout the years of 1450-1750, there brought about enormous changes to the North American continent and people began traveling looking for new life. European Explorers eventually came to the land of Africa where they began a trans-Atlantic slave trade. This estimated to bring 10 million Africans to America. Unlike other subordinate groups in America today, African Americans came to America unwillingly and in doing so suffered great loss, pain, death and so on. Africans being sold to white people of America eventually brought about new economic status and a new social system. Slave trading deemed a very profitable market for European settlers. Goods were exported from Europe to Africa, Africans were sold across the ocean to America where they were enslaved and worked for landowners/famers, and those goods produced by the American farmers through the work of African slaves were then exported back to Europe. Shamefully, fear and greed is a large part of why slavery continued and social segregation infected this country for so long. “Not long after the first colonial settlement in 1619, Africans came to Virginia with the Dutch. At first, like their poor English counterparts, the Africans were treated as indentured servants; laborers under contract...
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...communication established itself, through generations and throughout time the writings have had a very important role. for some folks writing is also solely how to establish communication, as newspapers and magazines. For some others, it's an inner pleasure to share feelings and concepts, like in journals and theories. However, for others it is an instrument for additional definite purposes, like awareness regarding movements or a personal catharsis – Sylvia Plath’s poetry, for example. Therefore, the power of words helped mankind to change the globe. Bearing in mind this concept that literature may renew and reinforce a belief or an idea, the theme of the analysis supposed in this work comparing Phillis Wheatley’s poem “On Being Brought From Africa To America” to Langston Hughes’ “I, Too, Sing America” is somewhat known and reassure aspects that are still a part of society nowadays: be it prejudice, racism or oppression. In order to grasp how their poems differ it's necessary to understand some details about their lives, that has strong...
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...also expand markets for American producers • For example, over the past five years U.S. agricultural exports to developing countries in Southeast Asia, Central America, and SubSaharan Africa have grown at more than twice the annual rate as compared to developed countries. U.S. poultry meat exports to Sub-Saharan Africa expanded 180 percent from 2009 to 2011. • Given population growth and rising incomes, it is estimated that the demand for food will rise by 70 to 100 percent by 2050. To meet this need, the United Nations estimates that production in developing countries will need to almost double. • In 2010, the U.S. helped launch the Global Agriculture and Food Security Program, an international, multilateral trust fund that has already awarded $658 million to finance country development plans in 18 low-income countries, with 8.2 million beneficiaries. Building Local Capacity, Increasing Productivity, and Improving Markets and Trade • Since 2010, USDA has aligned appropriate programs to Feed the Future plans to support agriculture development in target countries and regions: Ghana, Kenya, East Africa, Bangladesh, Haiti, Guatemala and Central America. USDA supports global food security through in-country capacity building, basic and applied research, and support for improved market information, statistics and analysis. • USDA...
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...Literature Analysis Noah Serna Western Governors University Humanities C100 January 15, 2016 Personal Observations of the Work The work of literature that I chose to do my initial observations on is a poem written by Phillis Wheatley, called “To S.M., a Young African Painter, on Seeing his Works.” This poem was written during the enlightenment period. I particularly chose this poem because I always had an interest in reading about African literature and how over time equal rights for everyone became a success. Upon reading this poem, which was slightly difficult to understand, Wheatley communicates about how powerful imagination can be. She mentions how imagination can give an artist the ability to go beyond their limits to the point were there are no longer any more limitations. She points out a painter several times which I am not sure who she is referring to yet. I am assuming it is an African painter at that time. The one aspect of the work that really sparked my interest was when Wheatley said, “But when these shades of time are chas’d away, and darkness ends in everlasting day” (To S.M., A Young Painter, n.d., para. 2),which I think she implies that when this era of slavery and racism passes the darkness (harsh times) will end and there will be daylight or good times. Analysis of the Work Phillis Wheatley was a writer who greatly differed from other writers in American literature mostly because...
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...The Significance of Africanisms by Melville Herskovits is an in depth analysis of African Cultural survivals among the Negroes of the United States. The article involves far more than the traditional linking relationship of traits of Africa and the West Indies. The article examines the resistance and spiritual survival of African Culture among the black Diaspora in the United States. While at the same timeexpounding the scope and the significance of African culture by providing a fertile concept of Africanism that reflects the unique manner in which each black individual of the Diaspora envisions African Cultural retention. Herskovits in his writing posits that the retention of the African cultural has been long lost in the American Culture; however this observation is not the same in the Caribbean/West Indian context. The West Indian retention of the African Culture is evident in many of the religious practices that are still being done in the Caribbean, some of which are Revivalism, Pucho, Voodoo (Vodun), Keele, Santeria, Shouter Baptist and Komfa (Cumfa). These are some of the ways in which West Indians have retained many of the cultural practices of their African ancestors. In his writing Herskovits argued that “for the negro to appreciate his past he has to endow confidence in his own position in his country and by extension the world. He must have scientific facts concerning the ancestral cultures of Africa and the survivals of Africanisms in the New World. In the article...
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...which was widely spread in the 18th century in the British colonies in North America and elsewhere. The system was used particularly as a way for the poor freed in the British and German states to get passage to the American colonies. These young people would work for a fixed number of years then be free to work freely. The employers would buy the indentured from the sea captain who brought the people over. This was done due to the labor demand that existed in the plantations and other work areas especially after the abolishment of slave trade and slavery. Note: after the abolishment of slave trade and slavery, the slaves held is captive for labor were freed. However, this did not mean the plantains and did not need labor. Some of the indentured laborers worked as farmers, as helpers for farm wives, as apprenticed craftsmen, and as miners among a variety of other professions. Both sides, the employer and the indentured laborer, were required to meet their terms which were legally enforced by local American courts. In case of any runaways, those laborers were sought and brought back to their employers to continue as their contract required. In the 17th and 18th century, about half of the white immigrants to the American colonies were indentured. The majority of the indentured laborers were African and Asian from South Asian and as stated by some authors, in the 17th century, some poor children from Europe especially France and England were captured and sold as indentured laborers...
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...Chinese companies are winning over European multinationals in Africa - Why have Chinese companies found the emerging markets of Africa less risky and a more attractive proposition than western multinationals? - MSc BD7 Ping SUI Introduction: As an important global player and the main drive for economical growth, China’s massive investment in Africa has drawn the world’s attention. People can see European multinationals everywhere in Africa in the 80s, while now Chinese companies seem to take over the leading role. For example, in Angola, China helped to build the Angola Benguela railway, which is the longest railway Angola has had so far; in Nigeria, Chinese Telecom companies “Huawei” has a dominating presence both in fixed and wireless services by taking more than 90% of the market share. Not only can you find commodities made in China everywhere, but Chinese companies now build the infrastructures in many African countries too. On the contrary, the presence of European multinationals is not as strong as the Chinese ones: the amount of the funds flowing from Europe to Africa has decreased from 70% to 17% since the 70s; Western Europe’s share of overall international trade with Africa has decreased from 51% to 28%, while China has taken the place and become the biggest trading partner Africa has by surpassing America in 2009. Why are European MNCs less and less preset in Africa? What are the difficulties they have encountered? Do Chinese companies have same barriers...
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...report were taken from Kraft Foods 2012 annual report, government data, and other news agencies. Kraft does not willing list its own strengths and weaknesses for the general public to see. Some of the information in this report is inferred upon the results of various financial articles. From the information available, Kraft has more strengths than weaknesses and has the capacity to turn many of its weaknesses into strengths provided some guidelines are followed. Introduction Every company throughout the world has from time to time completed an internal analysis of itself. Kraft Foods is no different. To remain profitable in this economy, Kraft cannot remain stagnate. This report will accomplish an internal view of Kraft Foods’ strengths and weaknesses. After analyzing these strengths and weaknesses, Kraft can use the strength of innovation and the weakness of supply and turn them both into good opportunities. Strengths Innovation: One of Kraft Foods’ greatest newfound strength is innovation. However, this was not always the case. In 2008, Kraft ranked next to last in its peer group in new product successes. (Goudreau, 2013) For the rest of 2008 and 2009, 17 of 19 new products introduced into the market were considered failures. There is even a quote from an outside company consultant who was brought in to report on Kraft’s innovation process who said that “Kraft is where good ideas go to die.” (Goudreau, 2013) However, in 2010 Kraft brought in some new senior...
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...is not true and it’s actually the opposite looking at the ideological forces that have shaped North (First World) and South (Third World) countries relations for half a century. In this essay one will be looking at the question of to what extend can the process of colonialism be blamed for the problems being experienced by developing countries today? Also matters pertaining to African migration, the spread of Islam, gold and slaves will be included in this essay as they are central to the process of colonialism. Towards the end of the last century, with a long history already behind it European colonization branched out in quite different forms according to the place and the interests of the metropolis. According to Thirlwell (1994:60) it was “a transitional period in which brutal power relations existed alongside paternalist feelings of responsibility towards natives who needed to be civilised” thus, great powers put the then dominant ideas into practice opening up the way to the so called “development” (Thirlwell, 1994). According to Rist (1997:100) “colonialism is a practice of domination, which involves the subjugation of one people to another”. The term colony comes from the Latin word colonus, meaning farmer. Thus, one believes that this root reminds us that the practice of colonialism usually involved the transfer of population to a new territory, where the arrivals lived as permanent settlers while maintaining political allegiance to their country of origin. I tend...
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...African Journal of History and Culture Vol. 3(5), pp. 65-72, June 2011 Available online at http://www.academicjournals.org/AJHC ISSN 2141-6672 ©2011 Academic Journals Review A critique of modernization and dependency theories in Africa: Critical assessment J. Matunhu Department of Development Studies, Midlands State University, Zimbabwe. E-mail: matunhuj@msu.ac.zw. Accepted 6 April, 2011 The way states and development specialists rationalize how to commit economic resources to development is influenced, to a greater extent by their level of persuasion towards specific development theories. The discourse assesses the influence of modernization and dependency theories on Africa’s development. The conclusion is that both theories have failed to help develop Africa. The discourse pins hope on the African Renaissance theory of development. Key words: Modernization, dependency, rural underdevelopment, African renaissance. INTRODUCTION Africa houses plentiful economic resources. Paradoxically, the continent languishes in poverty as evidenced by high prevalence of famine, disease and ignorance (Buthelezi, 2007). This presentation attributes the poverty to theories of development because the way society deals with underdevelopment is influenced by development theories. The presentation assesses the effect of modernity and dependency theories on Africa’s development and concludes by recommending the adoption of the African Renaissance theory to Africa’s development. In this presentation...
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...The Reagan Doctrine In his eight years serving as president of The United States from 1981 to 1989, Ronald Reagan accomplished numerous monumental tasks for the country. He brought America back from a horrendous economy by implementing across-the-board tax cut, deregulation, and restraining domestic spending. He brought the U.S. military back to life after it was diminished by his predecessor. However, President Reagan’s greatest accomplishment as president was his tireless effort in ending The Cold War with The Soviet Unions. In order to achieve his objective of stopping the spread of communism, President Reagan orchestrated and implemented the Reagan Doctrine to provided overt and covert aid to anti-communist guerrillas and resistance movements in an effort to "roll back" Soviet-backed communist governments in Africa, Asia, and Latin America. After the Sandinista Revolution of 1979, Nicaraguans went from being ruled by a strict right-wing dictatorship to being controlled by left wing, idealistic revolutionaries. Tensions developed between the Sandinistas and the U.S. government. When the U.S. Congress delayed aids which was promised to Nicaragua, the Sandinistas turned to other nations, such as the communist influenced Cuba, for help. The United States was fearful that this new revolutionary government will eventually turn to the Soviet Union for assistant, thus give the communist party the opportunity to strengthen its power. Since 1980, Moscow has provided the Sandinistas...
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...Birth of a Civilization An analysis of “The Negro Speaks of Rivers” by Langston Hughes 5/26/2008 American Literature 2328-8448 Deah N. Mitchell The violation of the African civilization that is known as slavery is defined as “a submission to a dominating influence” by Merriam-Webster. There are many accounts of this practice, and many more attempts to rectify its toll on African-Americans and its long-standing consequences. One such effort is the rhythmical reflection of ancestry through artistry- specifically poetry. During the Harlem Renaissance era several African American writers emerged. One of the most prominent and successful authors was James Mercer Langston Hughes. “The Negro Speaks of Rivers” was written by Hughes at the tender age of 19. This poem is reflective of four central topics: African-American ancestry, racial pride, slavery and spirituality. The most obvious use of literary art, symbolism, plays a tremendous role in this poem and is effortlessly laced throughout the seams of this intricate ode. “I've known rivers: I've known rivers ancient as the world and older than the flow of human blood in human veins.” According to the most widely accepted theories on the origins of man, homo sapiens’ appear to have originated in Great Rift Valley in Africa. Above the “rivers” can be interpreted as ancient African ancestry. The writer knows from handed down accounts the story of his people’s lineage. If Africa is home to all of our births then...
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...1. Introduction 2. External Analysis Porter’s Five Forces Analysis – Ford The competitive structure of an industry is an important element of identifying factors that are a menace of decreasing profitability. One of the most adequate forms of assessing competitive issues is Michael Porter’s five-force analysis. According to Michael Porter understanding the external environment in which a firm operates in, is essential for a successful business. Porter (2008) displayed five such factors: 1) threat of new entrants, 2) the power of suppliers, 3) the power of buyers, 4) the threat of substitutes, and 5) rivalry among existing competitors. The evaluation of these five forces provides managers with the ability to form an optimal strategy, due to external opportunities and threats being taken into consideration. The existence of new entrants in the automobile industry may force prices down and put pressure on profits. However, there are barriers to entry that favor established firms; economies of scale is mildly attractive, despite the expectation of significant economies of scale, due to indications that large size may not be as significant as one would assume. Nonetheless, entry into the automobile industry requires a large capital investment from any new entrant, indicating economies of scale is a substantial barrier to entry. Opportunity factors connected to product differentiation predict product differentiation will go from mildly attractive to highly attractive;...
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...to them for sharing their truthful and illuminating views on a number of issues related to the project. We are highly indebted to our professors, Dr. Praveen Goyal and Dr. Leela Rani, who gave us the opportunity, guidance, constant supervision and support in completing the project. We would like to express our gratitude towards BITS Pilani for their kind co-operation and encouragement which helped us in completion of this project. GV Hemanth Kumar G Visruth Reddy Sourav Mukherjee Abhinav Chitre Pinky Saini Contents INTRODUCTION 3 PORTFOLIO OF SL PACKAGING PVT LTD. 4 POLITICAL ENVIRONMENT 6 Political Environment and risks in Australia: 6 Political Environment and risks in South Africa: 6 UNITED STATES 10 CULTURE 12 UNITED STATES: 12 AUSTRALIA: 12 SOUTH AFRICA: 13 HOFSTEDE ANALYSIS: 13 ENTRY STRATEGIES 16 SUPPLY CHAIN STRATEGIES 20 MARKETING STRATEGY 21 FOREX ISSUES 28 CONCLUSION: 30 REFERENCES 30 INTRODUCTION The jute trade happens around Bangladesh and the Indian State of West Bengal. The region around...
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