...Case report Cultural differences in truth-telling to cancer patients: Chinese and American approaches to the disclosure of ‘bad news’ Dong Xue1, Jane L Wheeler 2, Amy P Abernethy 2 Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Peking University School of Oncology, Beijing Cancer Hospital, Beijing Institute for Cancer Research, Beijing, PR China, 2Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA A central challenge of the palliative care clinician, and of the oncologist who sees patients with advance disease, is that of ‘breaking bad news’. As this conversation requires that the clinician divulge extremely sensitive and personal information, and usually incurs an emotional response from the patient, truth-telling to advanced cancer patients is not only a challenging task but also one likely to be handled differently in cultures according to differing norms for interpersonal behavior and communication. China and the United States, with their deepset communitarian vs. individualistic ethics, respectively, typify divergent cultures. This paper discusses cross-cultural differences in norms of truth-telling to cancer patients, that is, the extent to which physicians inform patients themselves of their disease status when prognosis is poor; China and the US are used to illustrating potential differences in approach and consequent...
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...How Misdiagnosis Can Impact Lives Tamala L. Tibbs Texas Tech University Health Sciences For this assignment I chose to learn more about the sub topic “Misdiagnosis” from Chapter 10 titled Physicians Ethical and Legal Issues. This chapter explores how to understand how ethics and law impact physicians everyday professional lives. There are many misdiagnosed patients more and more every year. In this paper I will go over the background of Misdiagnosis and how it affects the patient, the legal mindset of the ever growing issue, and pick apart an actual case that was misdiagnosed and the outcome that came from it. Misdiagnosis is a medical error that is a preventable adverse effect of care. This usually includes an...
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...There is still strong opposition, from the public about having insurance coverage for everyone. The health care industry has experienced a proliferation of innovations aimed at enhancing life expectancy, quality of life, diagnostic and treatment options as well as the efficiency and cost effectiveness of the health care system. Information technology has played a vital role in the innovation of healthcare systems (Omachonu & Einspruch, 2010.) Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC) is one of the world’s premier cancer centers. They provide exceptional patient care and leading edge research. Each year they treat 400 subtypes of cancers. With a Disease management program featuring 16 multidisciplinary cancer teams, patients are treated by as many different specialists as are needed for their particular type of disease, including surgeons, medical oncologist, radiation oncologist, radiologist, pathologist, psychiatrists and nurses. In addition the Center offers a full range of programs to help patients and families throughout all phases of treatment, including supports groups, genetic counseling, help managing cancer pain...
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...Introduction: Delta Hospital Limited (DHL) is the pioneer organization for cancer diagnosis, treatment and management in the private sector in Bangladesh. It's provides the full range of radiation therapy and has a close working relationship with consultants, surgeon, Medical Oncologist & other physicians. Using state- of- the- art equipment their specialists are able to provide the best possible radiation therapy at their centers. Their Radiation Oncologists participate actively in international meetings and conferences on radiation therapy and are experts in their areas of specialization to ensure that our patients get the best and most appropriate care, a team of cancer specialists using multidisciplinary approach manages all patients. Mission: The company’s mission is to provide world class health care services in general and specialized medical fields at an affordable cost. They are providing specialized treatment service for cancer patient and they efforts are direction to become specialized in the fields of cancer diagnosis, treatment and prevention & also trying to open other specialized department. Specialty: 1. Friendly environment for all patients. 2. Specialized by modern equipment for cancer patient. 3. Located in its own campus at Mirpur. 4. A team of trained & experienced consultants for cancer and general patients. 5. Computer based customized database. 6. Transparency in all sector of patient management...
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...currently a status of medical information overload due to the exponential growth of research in cancer in the recent years. For example, the 5427 articles about cancer that were published in the medical literature in 1950 are substantially below the 100450 papers of the same topic on 2013. With this load of information, it a laborious challenge for the physician to acquire, select and share credible information that assembles our evidence based clinical decision making. The other challenge is the adequate management of medical data. It is important to recall that a key function of any information system must ensure that reliable health data gets in time to the corresponding actor, be it for decision making, management or statistical report. There are medical reports at each level of care (primary care, cancer center, district, state) that must be produced for the different cancer strategies (prevention, diagnosis, treatment). Since most of the different actors are not integrated, there is a high risk of data redundancy, missing information and delays in data transfer and analysis. Therefore, we have an information system that is obsolete, fragmented and redundant but at the same time losing an opportunity to identify cases of disease aggregation that may prompt specific preventive and therapeutic activities in order to reduce disease and cost burden. To ensure the reform of the system, a deep research on roles and processes...
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...concerns with future pregnancies. The research complied shows the prevalence of infertility related to ovarian cancer and what needs to be done to prevent infertility from the cancer treatments. Ovarian cancer starts in the ovaries and then can spread to the uterus and metastasized anywhere in the body. Women have two ovaries, one on each side of the uterus that produce ova and the hormones estrogen and progesterone. Ovarian cancer is easily undetected until it has spread to the pelvis and abdomen; this is when it is more challenging to treat and more fatal. Early-stage ovarian cancer, confined to one or both ovaries, is more likely to be treated effectively. Typical treatment includes surgery and chemotherapy. Early-stage ovarian cancer rarely causes any symptoms, hence why the cancer is not identified until advanced-stages. The most common symptoms are constipation or irritable bowel. Then other signs and symptoms may include “weight loss, bloating, change in bowel habits, urinary frequency, and feeling full soon after starting to eat” (Bohn, 2015). The diagnosis is typically found during a yearly wellness check up with a family physician or obstetrician and gynecologist (OB-GYN) then the client is referred to a “OB-GYN gynecologic oncologist, who specializes in cancer of the reproductive system” (Bohn, 2015). Family physician should be aware of the risk factors for ovarian cancer in order to find it early and get woman a gynecologic oncologist sooner. There are many risk factors...
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...Gavin Martin Period 6 Research Paper Assisted Suicide A survey of U.S. oncologists suggests that support for assisted suicide in this profession has declined dramatically in recent years. Although there are certain instances where it is justifiably considered okay, it is essentially murder. Some doctors use a machine that injects a deadly dose of poison which kills the person in less than 10 minutes. Assisted suicide is most normally awaited by the terminally ill. Terminally ill patients do suffer significantly, but is it the actual physical pain they suffer from or is it the way they are treated? Many people seem to believe it is depression that leads these patients to want suicide. What is hard for these people to understand who are terminally-ill is that depression is treatable. A person would suffer less physically if they suffered less...
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...people are being diagnosed with cancer each day. Everyday scientists and researchers are trying to come up with new medicines to cure cancer. In this paper, I will discuss the process of developing new drugs to treat cancer, and the costs of developing these drugs. According to the oncologists at the website Cancer.net, more doctors and scientists are always looking for better ways to treat people with cancer. To do this, they are constantly developing and studying new drugs as well as looking for new ways to use the existing drugs. When scientists are developing new drugs for cancer patients, there are many researchers involved. They must find the right chemicals before testing them to see how effective they are in helping people. Sometimes this process takes from 5 to 12 years. Sometimes it takes longer than that. After the new drugs are developed, more time has to be allowed for the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to approve the drugs before cancer patients can take them according to Cancer.net. They do this by experimenting on animals first and then testing the new drugs on people. All new medicines must go through a lot of laboratory testing to test for side effects. These medicines may have numerous side effects. Some of the side effects are suicidal thoughts, depression, nausea, and drowsiness. Costs for research and development of new drugs to treat cancer are very high. The cost of these drugs can start...
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... Treatments and Causes of Leukemia Leukemia is cancer of the blood-forming tissues and it strikes all ages and both sexes. Leukemia is a term given to a group of malignant diseases of the bone marrow and lymphatic system. In a person with leukemia, the bone marrow makes abnormal white blood cells (Wong, 2007). The abnormal cells are leukemia cells, unlike normal blood cells; leukemia cells don't die when they should. They may crowd out normal white blood cells, red blood cells, and platelets. This makes it hard for normal blood cells to do their work (Wong, 2007). This can lead to serious problems such as anemia, bleeding, and infections. Leukemia cells can also spread to the lymph nodes or other organs and cause swelling or pain. This paper examines how leukemia is diagnosed, the main types of treatment of leukemia and possible causes of leukemia (Bhojwani, 2009). Diagnosis of Leukemia Leukemia may be acute or chronic. Acute leukemia gets worse very fast and will make a person feel sick right away. Chronic leukemia gets worse slowly and may not cause symptoms for years. Doctors typically find leukemia after a routine blood test, when a patient has symptoms that suggest leukemia. Symptoms may depend on what type of leukemia a person has, but common symptoms are fever and night sweats, headaches, bruising or bleeding easily, bone or joint pain, a swollen or painful belly from an enlarged spleen, swollen lymph nodes, feeling very tired or weak, losing weight and not feeling hungry...
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...Infectious Diseases: The Greatest Crisis of the world ____________ A Thesis Presented to The Division of The Arts and Sciences Voorhees College ____________ In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Bachelor of Science ____________ Acknowledgements I am whole-heartily thankful to my Professors at Voorhees College for their tremendous effort in my maturilication through Voorhees College. Lastly I would like to acknowledge all of the people who had any hand in the completion of this thesis. CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION * What are infectious Diseases? * Types of infectious diseases * Worldwide distribution of infectious diseases * * CHAPTER 2: THE LEADING CAUSES OF DEATH IS THE WORLD * Top Countries * Top Diseases * CHAPTER 3: MOST DISEASES ARE PREVENTABLE * Why are statistics so high * Minorities prevalence, morbidity, and mortality * How to prevent yourself from being a statistic * Understanding the emotional burden brought upon families who suffer from infectious Diseases * * CHAPTER 4: TRANSMISSION OF DISEASE: COUNTRY TO COUNTRY * Thorough testing while entering and exiting countries * Childhood and adult Immunizations * * CHAPTER 5: FOOD BOURNE PATHOGES * How do they affect America...
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...Competency Differences between Degrees: Associate Degree of Nursing and Bachelor Degree of Nursing Grand Canyon University: NRS-430V October 7, 2012 Competency Differences between ADN and BSN The debate between the Associate Degree of Nursing (ADN) and the Bachelor Degree of Nursing (BSN) has been a major topic of discussion in the world of nursing. In this paper I will break down and lay out the distinguishing factors such as education and competency levels between the two degrees. Included in this paper will also be a scenario that gives some insight into the thinking process of patient care, while incorporating the educational framework used in the decisions being made to give the patient the best and most efficient nursing care. This paper will allow the readers to have some understanding on the decision making process that goes on in the patient care world. The nursing world is made up of a vast amount of different subfields such as Nurse Practitioners, Nurse Anesthetist, and a sum of research nursing. All of these levels of nursing are attainable as long as the nurse has the right education credentials. To take part in the above stated fields a nurse must acquire her bachelor degree in nursing. The first Baccalaureate nursing program was established in the United States at the University of Minnesota in 1909 (Creasia & Friberg, 2011). The time frame for the BSN program is four years. It’s longer than that of the ADN program by two years, but in these...
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...Diagnosed With Cancer? Here Are 11 Effective, Natural Strategies To Kill Your Cancer The information you need to beat cancer is here - available to you for free. You won't have to download a report or buy any book. In fact, some readers have said that this report is better than the ebooks, and they had bought every one. Here you will find information your doctor can't tell you or doesn't know - including information on one product where 51 out of 65 stage 4 cancer patients became cancer free while using it. Other readers say that this report gave them the most understandable information they found about cancer. You'll learn about the underlying causes of cancer, and what to do to counteract those causes. Effective actions to take to defeat cancer. This information applies to all types of cancer. Lung, prostate, breast, colon, ovarian, cervical, liver, pancreatic, bone, bladder, stomach, testicular, thyroid, kidney, throat, brain, mouth, uterine, esophageal, rectal and more. The fundamental causes of these cancers are the same, so the same strategies work for all of them. Thousands before you have used these strategies to beat their cancer and now live happy normal lives. They are available here at no cost to you. "In 2003 my husband was told he had a pancost tumor on his upper left lung. He began 6 weeks of chemotherapy and radiation therapy. On April 1st, 2004 he went thru a 10 hour surgery to remove the upper left lobe, parts of his ribs and the tips of the T3, T4...
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...“Sipuleucel-T” (Provenge), is a treatment vaccine that has also been proven effective, and recently received FDA approval. These two treatments alone have advanced Prostate Cancer treatments considerably. In 1975, the yearly Prostate Cancer diagnosis rate for new cases was 94 out of every 1000,000 men. The rate in which they died in the same year, was 31 men dying out of every 1000,000. Let us move forward to the year of 2007. In 2007, the yearly Prostate Cancer rate for new cases was 166 out of every 100,000. Also in 2007, the rate of men that died after being diagnosed with Prostate Cancer was a lower number than in 1975. At only 24 men dying out of every 1000,000 newly diagnosed cases. As the research for this paper was underway, the realization was reached, that there are a lot of sites on the internet, that do not have accurate information. Careful care was given to ensure that the most accurate, and...
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...Administrative Ethics: Advances in Lung Cancer Care HCS/335 Tuesday, March 20th, 2012 Administrative Ethics: Advances in Lung Cancer Care In this paper, there will be a description of what the newspaper article covers about Lung Cancer treatment plus the population this issue affects the most. Examples the article uses to argue or present facts supporting the treatment research of Lung Cancer Patients, explanation of ethical and legal issues do to the involvement this article is talking about, explanation of the managerial responsibilities related to administrative ethic issues, and identification of proposals to create solutions. Description of Newspaper Article and Those It Affects “More Americans die from lung cancer each year than from breast, colon and prostate cancers combined, according to the National Institutes of Health. But it has long suffered from a stigma because of its association with smoking, receiving far less research funding than other forms of cancer.” (Thoms, 2012, para. 5-6) In reading the above quote it should inspire some to promote more research completion in the area of Lung Cancer. Factual information such as this is what makes the medical professionals working in the area of Lung Cancer Treatment want to bring this awareness to the general public. Each day these professionals go to their careers and have to witness his or her patients suffering from this horrible disease. Their hands are tied on providing more...
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... Guidance for this Assignment : | Date set: Task 1 27/1/14 | Date set: Task 2 10/2/14 | Date set: Task 3 24/2/14 | Date set: Task 4 10/3/14 | Remember! | * Your attention is drawn to the comments made in the Course Handbook with regard to both the completion and submission of work * Assessment deadlines must be met * Any student found guilty of cheating or plagiarism may be withdrawn from the unit at the discretion of the Assessment Board. | Internal verification: | Date: | | Name | | | | Signature | | Aim and purpose:-To develop understanding of the principles of Mendelian genetics and to develop knowledge and practical techniques used in commercial, analytical and research laboratories | | GRADING CRITERIA To achieve a pass grade the evidence must show that the learner is able to: | To achieve a Merit grade the evidence must show that the learner is able to: | To achieve a distinction grade the evidence must show that the learner is able to: | P1 Compare and contrast the structure of various nucleic acids. | M1 Explain how genetic information can be stored in a sequence of nitrogenous bases in DNA. | D1 Explain the steps involved in biosynthesis of protein including the roles of...
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