...Cash-on-Delivery in India’s E-commerce Abstract – The online retail service is growing in the emerging market such as India. The online retail companies launched Cashon-Delivery (COD) to create trust of e-commerce in India. This helped many companies to penetrate in Indian Market. However, to the online retail company COD service has added additional burden such as direct and indirect cost of the transaction, high working capital requirement, efficiency management of COD ecosystem and payment hassles. According to Ernst & Young (E&Y), COD accounts for 50 to 60 per cent of online transactions in India. To reduce the contribution of COD in the online transactions without affecting the number of sales the online retail service providers need to understand why does the customer use COD as a mode of payment. The purpose of this research is to understand the factors influencing the customers to use COD as a mode of payment. Keywords – E-commerce in India, Cash on Delivery, Challenges in cash on delivery, COD users, but is still below world averages. This shows the immense potential that the retail category holds in India with online retail filling the distribution and convenience gap. The e-Commerce and allied companies have also turbocharged the e-Commerce growth engine by introducing innovative business models, by introducing technological innovations and by offering convenient payment options most popular being the COD. Cash-on-delivery has been one of the key growth drivers...
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...who buy goods and services for personal consumption. All of these consumers combine to make up the consumer market. The American consumer market consists of more than 308 million people. Model of Consumer Behavior The central question for marketers is: How do consumers respond to various marketing efforts the company might use? The starting point is the stimulusresponse model of buyer behavior shown in Figure 5.1. Marketing stimuli consist of the four Ps: product, price, place, promotion. Other stimuli include major forces and events in the buyer’s environment: economic, technological, political, and cultural. The marketer wants to understand how the stimuli are changed into responses inside the consumer’s “black box,” which has two parts. 1. The buyer’s characteristics influence how he or she perceives and reacts to the stimuli. The buyer’s decision process itself affects the buyer’s behavior. Characteristics Affecting Consumer Behavior Cultural Factors Culture is the most basic cause of a person’s wants and behavior. Marketers are always trying to spot cultural shifts. Subcultures are groups of people with shared value systems based on common life experiences and situations. The U.S. Hispanic market consists of nearly 50 million consumers. The African American market has an annual...
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...MARKETING REPORT Group: Phan Xuan Linh (77139428) Shyam Mallan (77140430) Christian Andrea (77142477) Prakash Pothina (77144112) Shrey Sugla (77144256) CONTENTS INTRODUCTION 4 LITERATURE REVIEW 4 L'ORÉAL MARKETING PLAN AND CONSUMER BEHAVIOUR 6 Cultural factors: 6 Social factors 7 Psychological factors 8 CONCLUSION 10 APPDENDICES 10 REFERENCES 11 REPORT ON THE EFFECTS OF CONSUMER BEHAVIOUR ON L'ORÉAL MARKETING PLANS ABSTRACT: Consumer behaviour strongly affect the consumer buying process, hence marketers always want to know what is actually happening inside customer's mind in order to provide additional values of products to users to satisfy their needs and wants. However, it is mainly influenced by three key factors - cultural factors, social factors and psychological factors - that are vital conditions for every marketing strategy to be considered before launching in the market. In cosmetic industry, although L'Oréal is the leader of the market, it is necessarily for the company to concern these factors in its marketing plan, so as to gain the market shares and remain its position above rivals such as P&G and Unilever. The report will try to find out the role of consumer behaviour in marketing strategy planning and discover the process of how L'Oreal adapt the three factors to their marketing plans order to achieve success. INTRODUCTION The term consumer behaviour is defined as "the study of how individuals, groups and organisations...
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...towards Online Shopping I. Introduction Generally speaking the trend of e-commerce has been increased rapidly in the recent years with the development of internet and due to the easy accessibility of internet usage. Easy access to internet has driven consumers to shop online; online shopping is third most popular activity on the internet after email using and web browsing. Books, airline tickets/reservations, clothing/shoes videos/games and other electronic products are the most popular items purchased on the internet. Consumer’s attitude towards online shopping refers to their psychological state in terms of making purchases over the Internet. Online buying behavior process refers to the products purchased online. The process of online buying behavior consists of five steps and it is similar to traditional shopping behaviour. For instance, consumer recognize the need for buying some product (book), they refers to the internet to buy online and start to search for the information and look for all the alternatives and finally make a purchase which best fits to their needs. Before making final purchase consumers are attacked by several factors which limits or influence consumers for the final decision. The main theme of the study is to know the factors that influence the consumer’s attitudes and behaviors towards online and traditional shopping. Researchers will also focus on how consumers form such attitudes with the help of models and who are truly the online shoppers...
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...Results Textual description Theme 1: shopping online save people’s time and product is cheaper than real store. This was the dominant theme to emerge from the statements. The interviewees reported that when they choose online shopping, they can save time and A 23-year-old woman said: When I go shopping online, all you need is a computer, and I can quickly choose what I want, and pay items for a second. Then, I’ll have lots of time to doing other things at home. The important is that the product always cheaper than real store, and I can save a lot to buy many things. Another interviewee shared a similar experience. A female respondent (aged 25) said: I hate queue for buy things in the shopping mall, because it waste me lots of time. Therefore, I always choose online shopping, when I was feel satisfied with one thing, I only need is click “buy item now”, and go for pay it. The product is cheaper than real-store and it will let me buy lots of things online. Moreover, all of the interviewees said that shopping online becomes more attractive in our modern daily life and have many benefits. A 24-year-old man noted: More discount appears during the Internet Shopping, making the things much cheaper than those in the offline shops, and that may more attractive to me. Also, shopping online is more convenient to me because I did not spend time on the road. Another 23-year-old man suggested: online purchasing is amazing for me because of the discount. As we know，everyone...
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...| | | | | | | Word Count: 2058 Table of Contents Abstract 3 Section One 4 Marketing Mix 4 Section Two 8 Coca Cola – A Universally Successful Brand 8 History of the Brand 9 Advertising 9 Packaging 10 Point of Purchase Display of Coca-Cola 11 Conclusion 12 References 13 Biblography 14 Abstract This paper will seek to define what are cognitive, affective and behavioural responses and link them to how the Coca-Cola Company has used its marketing mix to influence consumer responses in these ways. Section One Introduction Coca Cola (Coke) is one of the most successful brands in history and definitely the most well-known. The brand is identifiable in even the most remote parts of the planet and according to its website has a brand value of approximately $81.6 million (coca-cola company.com). Thought little has been done to alter the taste of the original coca cola formula, the 128 year old soft drink giant continues to evolve as the needs of the market change via innovation and keeping on top of trends. This is accomplished through continuous analyse of the needs of the customers within an ever changing market in order to meets and exceeds the consumer’s expectation. (Interbrand.com). Undoubtedly, the company’s reach is wide and within recent years Coca Cola has managed to develop a vast portfolio of products ranging from water to juices to diet drinks thereby widening its market share by aiming to satisfy all the...
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...The real value of marketing research and marketing information lies in how it is used—in the customer insights that it provides. Based on such thinking, many companies are now restructuring and renaming their marketing research and information functions. They are creating “customer insights teams,” headed by a vice president of customer insights and made up of representatives from all of the firm’s functional areas. For example, the head of marketing research at Kraft Foods is called the director of consumer insights and strategy. Customer insights groups collect customer and market information from a wide variety of sources—ranging from traditional marketing research studies to mingling with and observing consumers to monitoring consumer online conversations about the company and its products. Then, they use the marketing information to develop important customer insights from which the company can create more value for its customers. 2. Discuss the sources of internal data and the advantages and disadvantages associated with this data. Internal databases are electronic collections of consumer and market information obtained from data sources within the company network. Information can come from many sources. For example, information on customer transactions, demographics, psychographics, and buying behavior can come from the marketing department. The customer service department can provide information on customer satisfaction or service problems. The accounting department...
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...Marketing Management By Philip, Kevin Lane Keller, Abraham Koshy, Mithileshwar Jha logo copy.tif SUMMARY by Chapter 7 Analyzing Business Markets and Buyer Behavior Business buyers purchase goods and services to achieve specific goals, such as making money, reducing operating costs, and satisfying social or legal obligations. Therefore to provide superior customer value to the business buyers this chapter familiarizes you with the underlying dynamics and process of business buying. Blanket contract establishes a long-term relationship in which the supplier promises to resupply the buyer as needed at agreed-upon prices over a specified period. Because the seller holds the stock, blanket contracts are sometimes called stockless purchase plans. Product value analysis is an approach to cost reduction in which components are carefully studied to determine if they can be redesigned or standardized or made by cheaper methods of production. Organizational buying is the decisionmaking process by which organizations establish the need for purchased products and services and identify, evaluate, and choose among alternative brands and suppliers. The Business Market versus the Consumer Market • • • Fewer buyers: Business marketers normally deal with far fewer buyers than do consumer marketers. Larger buyers: Buyers for a few large firms do most of the purchasing in many industries. Close supplier customer relationship: Smaller customer base and importance of larger customers, suppliers...
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...CONTENTS PAGE | | | Pages | | Introduction | 3 | 1.1 | Explain the various elements of the marketing process | 3-6 | 1.2 | Evaluate the benefits and costs of a marketing orientation for a selected organisation | 6 | 2.1 | Show macro and micro environmental factors which influence marketing decision | 7 | 2.2 | Propose segmentation on criteria to be used for products in different markets | 7-8 | 2.3 | Choose a targeting strategy for a selected product/service | 8-10 | 2.4 | Demonstrate how buyer behaviour affects marketing activities in different buying situations | 10-11 | 2.5 | Propose new positioning for a selected product/service | 12 | | Conclusion | 12 | | References | 13 | Introduction | The purpose of this assignment is to investigate the scope of marketing. Marketing is a process of fulfillment consumer’s wants and needs. It is delivering the right product at the right place, price and time to the clients. The process of marketing is very important for the performance of the companies, because it contains analyzing every opportunity; choose markets, improving the marketing mix, control and implementation. In my study I will use as an example JD Sports Fashion, which is one of the leading retailers in sport wear and how it progress using market research. The concept of JD is influenced by giving the products and wanted brands at the correct price and in the proper places to meet with the requirement of the customers. JD Sport has...
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...|Marketing |[pic]process by which companies create value for customers and build strong customer | | |relationships to capture value from customers in return | |[pic]Market offerings |[pic] | | |some combination of products, services, information, or experiences offered to a market to| | |satisfy a need or want | |[pic]Marketing myopia |[pic] | | |mistake of paying more attention to the specific products a company offers that to the | | |benefits and experiences produced by these products | |[pic]Exchange |[pic] | | |act of obtaining a desired object from someone by offering something in return | |[pic]Markets |[pic]set of actual and potential buyers of a product or service | |[pic]Marketing management |[pic] ...
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...Marketing Principles Unit 1 Task 1 History Of Marketing The concept of Marketing that we see today is following the developments of the Industrial Revolution (This transition included going from hand production methods to machines - 18th and 19th century) which was a period of rapid social change. Mass production, developing transport infrastructure and growing mass media meant that producers needed to, and could develop more sophisticated ways of managing the distribution of goods. Marketing Orientations There are 4 main marketing orientations: Product Orientation –. An organisation would make a product and sell it without finding out if the customer wants or needs it. However the organisation will be very interested in making sure the product is high quality and good price. This is then likely to produce sales as the customer will be getting a good quality product. The company always needs to ensure there product maintains its quality and if at any point their quality drops they will lose customer loyalty. Although as markets grow and competitors start coming in to the picture this can work as a disadvantage:- Henry Ford Stated, that "Any customer can have a car painted any colour that he wants, so long as it is black." This was because in 1908 Henry had begun making Ford model T. He became the most successful car manufacturer and realised because demand was so high, customers were buying what was produced rather than demand anything different. He also didn’t want to...
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...Desirita Bussell American International University Online Unit 1 Individual Project MGT240--Fundamentals of Marketing August 28, 2010 Abstract Building an inquiry on a impulse assumptions does provide forethought on how educational video games could be structured as an expert tool that will logically reunite a great deal of learning and fun. Plus, an educational video game is a worthwhile target because people of various ages are then forced, where the players volunteer; contribute in learning through educational video games. Introduction to Marketing Introduction Educational video games are becoming more recognizable through their educative prospective since they do gather capable elements such as, state-of-the-art computer technologies, user-centered design and interactivity. This leads to exceptional condition of the product with multi-sensory exposure that students can experience fully by doing and learning. The key reasons for this growing curiosity are the players’ motivation, playing while being deeply engaged and the standards of successes. Societal concepts are an environmental force that impacts educational video games in today’s society. Since marketing actions are a crucial element in the entire business organization, marketers ultimately do have a bit of liability to helping supply what the consumers want and reduce what they don't. Societal influences are distinguished by the existence of forces that add to adjust the need for a particular...
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...the profits that the company may be targeting, sales have to occur. The transfer of the goods or services from the manufacturer or distributor to the consumer is referred to as a sale. It is in this regard that companies world over have set aside huge budgets for the marketing and sales divisions. The concept of marketing has evolved from being a simple process to a complex system that involves many stakeholders. However, at the end of the day, the concept remains the same. This is because it is a process that seeks to attract customers and retain them. It also seeks to deliver the products as and when required by the market. This study seeks to establish how several factors affect the ideals of marketing. One of them is the consumer motivation followed by the market perceptions of a given product. Emotional drivers also play a significant role in the determination of a given marketing campaign. The study will look at the sport clothing market and will seek to analyze it along the factors mentioned above. Introduction The increased emphasis on physical fitness from many quarters has led to a significant uptake of sports and games by people from all walks of life. Traditionally, sports used to be viewed as activities reserved for a few. However, there has been a major shift where sports are being taken up for both professional and leisure purposes. The growth of the sports bodies such as FIFA and the Olympics has also led to a significant increase in the interest of sports...
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...13264077 | Table of Contents Introduction: 2 Consumer Behavior: 3 Factors Affecting Consumer Behavior: 4 Objective of the Report: 5 Limitation: 5 Analysis Part: 6 Working Hour: 6 Monthly shopping frequency: 6 Impact of occupation on shopping: 7 Mode of Shopping: 7 Online shopping service using reason: 8 Super mall using reason: 9 Likert scale analysis: 9 Findings: 10 Recommendation: 10 Conclusion: 10 Introduction: In recent years there is a huge transformation in the consumer lifestyle, which has been influenced by the demographics, socio-cultural factors, psychographics, preferences, norms and behavior. Consumer per capital income of people has increased; rising disposable incomes continue to drive increased spending and to generate consumer demand for a wide range of new goods and services. The current generation does not mind paying extra for better facilities and ambience. However, with this notion of ‘perceived usefulness’ in a wider context supports how people nowadays are living in an era of quite hectic and busy working lifestyles, and thus it has become very difficult for most people to go shopping outside their homes, making shopping online a more useful tool to purchase commodities. They may be ‘‘time starved’’ and constantly exploring ways to reduce the time taken to complete various tasks to manage their busy schedules (Vijayasarathy, 2004). Apparently, the time-deprived, multitasking orientations of heavy internet users...
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...Running Head: StubHub Stub Hub was started by Jeff Fluhr and Eric Baker. They found a niche market for their business idea relating to tickets. In early 2004, consumer’s mainstream channel for purchasing tickets was from either a primary ticket seller (venue organizer) or a primary authorized ticket seller like Ticketmaster. If the ticket holder wished to resell their tickets, there was no proper devoted channel to allow this type of transaction in a safe, secure and swift manner. Major ticket reselling activity was distinctly fragmented and existed either in parking lots or as Baker tags it - “moms and pops” market. (Making a Market: eBay, StubHub, and Swaptree, 2009) There was a need for a marketplace or a channel where these ticket holders could meet to buy, sell and trade their inventory, under a properly governed facility. This idea gave birth to StubHub a secondary channel, which enabled fans to buy and sell tickets. Fluhr and Baker both knew that this was an immense market in which they were penetrating, but they needed to conquer it strategically, since other big players like, eBay, Yahoo! and even Ticketmaster were contemplating in penetrating it, due to its high demands. Sporting and Entertainment events are occurring immensely throughout the year; consumers are searching for seats throughout the hour, from primary channels such as Ticketmaster to fragmented secondary channels like nearby parking lot deals or word-of-mouth marketing of existing ticket. The product...
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