...with holds more information a single byte only has a series of 8 bit which has less data then a series of multiple sets of 8bit. 3. When converting a big number you cant just line up the digits, you need to make the number into bytes so that each one can easily convert into a unit of dex. Lab Review 1.4 1. My name in hexadecimal is 069 100 100 105 101 032 066 111 110 100. I would need 32bytes of storage. Lab Review 1.5 1. It is necessary to plan a file structure carefully because you want to have organization on the operating system . If it is too loosely organized or too detailed then it will be a chaotic environment and will be difficult to find anything. A nice organized file hierarchy would be easy to find things. Lab Review 1.6 1. To know what the system can handle and to know which operating system to use. 2. You must use the task manager, killing a program that is running your machine will cause your computer's operating sytem to stop working until the computer is restarted. 3. If you don't update your computer you are leaving it vulnerable to virusus. There are no risks to updating your system as long as the publisher of the update is...
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...Apple Inc. There are four main categories of systems from a constituency perspective. The transaction processing systems (TPS) are basic business systems that serve the operational level of the organization by recording the daily routine transactions required to conduct business. Apple Incorporated uses smart phone credit card readers and mobile transaction processing systems. Management information systems (MIS) serve middle managers’ interests by providing current and historical performance information to aid in planning, controlling, and decision making at the management level. Apple Incorporated uses their warranty records and performance/sales records to aid in the management information systems. Decision-support systems (DSS) also known as business intelligence systems, help managers with non- routine decisions that are unique, rapidly changing, and not easily specified in advance. The five types of decision support systems are document driven, knowledge driven, model driven, data driven, and communication driven. The executive support systems (ESS) provide a generalized computing and communications environment that help senior managers address strategic issues and identify long-term trends in the firm and its environment. Apple Incorporated uses non-routine decisions, data from internal and external sources, and long-term trends to help aid in executive support systems. Long-term trends Long-term trends Data from internal and external sources Data from internal...
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...GUIDELINES FOR CREATING G_METRIX ACCOUNT Sytem Requirements: CPU: 500 megahertz (MHz) processor or higher RAM: minium of512 MB FREE DISK SPACE: up to 80MB DISPLAY: 1024x768 or higher resolution monitor OPERATING SYSTEM: Microsoft Windows XP with SP2, Windows Server 2003 with SP1, or Windows Vista MS OFFICE SOFTWARE: Full installation of Office 2010 (Word 2010, Excel2010, PowerPoint 2010 or Access 2010) STEPS FOR STUDENTS ACCESSING PRACTICE TESTS FROM HOME 1) Student launches www.gmetrix.net and click the register here link. 2) Complete the user registration process by filling in the fields and clicking next to finish the registration process. When GMetrix prompts you to create a user ID and password, use your Blackboard user ID and password since it will be easy to remember. 1|Page After the registration process is finished download the GMETRIX software on your computer. 2|Page Click the GMetrix download 3.0.0.9 blue button. Once the download is complete select the SAVE option Close the Internet and click on the Start button at the bottom of the monitor to launch GMetrix. When you are at the login screen enter your user ID and password. Enter 84077-Office10-43631 as the access code and click next. You should then see all the practice exams and trainings available. Type: 84077-Office10-43631 3|Page STEPS FOR STUDENTS ACCESSING PRACTICE TESTS FROM THE EDBC CLASSROOMS 1. Student launches G Metrix and click the register here button if they have not already registered...
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...SUITABLE OPERATING SYSTEM FOR AN ORGANISATION An operating system (sometimes abbreviated as "OS")1 is the program that, after being initially loaded into the computer by a boot program, manages all the other programs in a computer. The other programs are called applications or application programs. The application programs make use of the operating system by making requests for services through a defined application program interface (API). In addition, users can interact directly with the operating system through a user interface such as a command language or a graphical user interface (GUI). How operating system works? When you turn on your computer, it's nice to think that you're in control. There's the trusty computer mouse, which you can move anywhere on the screen, summoning up your music library or Internet browser at the slightest whim. Although it's easy to feel like a director in front of your desktop or laptop, there's a lot going on inside, and the real man behind the curtain handling the necessary tasks is the operating system. Most desktop or laptop PCs come pre-loaded with Microsoft Windows. Macintosh computers come pre-loaded with Mac OS X. Many corporate servers use the Linux or UNIX operating systems. The operating system (OS) is the first thing loaded onto the computer -- without the operating system, a computer is useless. More recently, operating systems have started to pop up in smaller computers as well. If you like to tinker with electronic devices, you're...
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...OPERATING SYSTEM ASSIGNMENT-I Name: K. Sri Sirisha Class: CSE-3A, Rollno:13951A0539 1.Explain about context switching with necessary diagram? Switching the CPU to another process requires “performing a state save of the current process and state restore of a different process”. This task is known as a context switch. A context switch is a procedure that a computer’s CPU follows to change from one task to another while ensuring that the tasks do not conflict. A context switch may occur without changing the state of the process being executed.Fast memory that holds the address of the instruction to be executed immediately after the current one. ->In a CPU,the term”context” refers to the data in the registers and program counter at a specific...
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...ThE COMPUTERwORLd hONORS PROGRAM case study ORGANIZATION: VMware Palo Alto, California, United States YEAR: LOCATION: PROJECT NAME: Virtualization of the computing Platform Summary VMware was founded in early 1998 with the plan to bring a modernized version of virtualization to industry standard compute systems. The vision was that this would greatly improve people’s ability to fully utilize, secure, and flexibly manage their compute infrastructure. This vision has resulted in the emergence of a significant industry and also great benefits for VMware’s customers. a sampling of those that have standardized on VMware Virtual Infrastructure shows estimated average savings of ~$1M in hardware, ~$200K in power, and ~222 hours/month in labor. The customers are seeing a return on investment in anywhere from days to at most 9 months. VMware started the x86 virtualization market and today has over 20,000 enterprise customers, over four million users, and is partnered with every major industry player in the x86 space. VMware has received over 65 awards for product innovation and excellence and is consistently recognized as the industry leader in virtualization. Network World wrote in december 2005: “while many companies are having a transformative effect on the computer market, one vendor is at the very forefront of acquiring power: VMware. VMware’s virtual machine products are some of the best in the market and its financial performance has been stunning.” From cNet on March 31, 2006:...
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...Carlos Espiritu 12/10/11 Week 1 homework Page 19 1. What is free software? List three characteristics of free software. Free software includes GNU/Linux, Apache, and some examples of free applications are: KDE, OpenOffice.org. all these application can be used for router/mobile phones..Etc. Linux is free and price plays a roll but not so crucial as other OS. Also source code is available, and software can be used for any purpose, also can be studied and changed. Linux software can be distributed and changed versions as well. 2. What are multiuser sytems? Why are they successful? A multiuser system allows each user at their work terminals to be connected to the computer. The operating system of computer assigns each user a portion of RAM and drives the computer’s time among various users; it is also called time sharing system. In other words, a multiuser system allows many users to simultaneously access the facilities of the host computer. This type of system is capable of having 100’s of users use this computer at once. The commonly used multiuser systems are: 1. LOCAL AREA NETWORK 2. WIDE AREA NETWORK 3. METROPOLITAN AREA NETWORK. 3. In what language is linux written? What does the language have to do with the success of linux? Linux is written in the C programming language and because it is written in the C language the language can be imbedded in all type of devices from TV’s, to PDA’s, cell phones, cable boxes for the reason of this language being so portable...
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...123 Textiles Company Network Disaster Plan Keith A Manley IT240/ Sorrells 11/30/2012 The 123 Textile Corporation has several solvable issues that we will address in this network updating proposal. They have been exposed to inclement weather and as of late a break in resulting in the companies sever and all pertinent data for sales, production, human resources. This proposal will lay out all necessary hardware upgrades as well as the software upgrades needed to maintain the new hardware. It will also look at off-site back up as a potential resolution to being in an area that may be more susceptible to break-ins resulting in equipment loss and or damage. The proposal will also address the issues of inclement weather and possible protection from natural disasters. Hardware and equipment proposal; A required designated space for the new computer equipment should be around 50 square feet with through wall ventilation but no window or exterior access points. In addition a cable line for modem connection and power source will be required. Power source should be of 20 amp circuit and non GFI, number of circuits at primary location in room to be four. In consideration of power outages that could result in loss of data a recommended solution will be the installation of an online UPS battery backup unit which provides continuous power while plugged in through the unit’s battery allowing for smoother and quicker power transition. This unit provides...
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...Comparison of open source OS and closed source OS Ted Wallick University of Phoenix The definition of closed source Operating System(OS), is any OS made but it's code and functionality is private to the vendor that made it. The end user can neither look at it's core/kernel or change it in any way. If an end user needs a change made, a change request has to be sent to the vendor to get adjustments made. This is how most commercial software is developed. Microsoft Windows OS (PC and mobile), Apple OS X, IOS, and UNIX, are primary examples of closed OS. Closed OS has some Pros and Cons. Pros: * Vendors have complete control over hardware and functionality. * The vendor gets to set some standards with how software and hardware are developed to work with the OS. * Vendor controls Versions and updates * Vendor controls any security issues (personally I would not want this hot potato) * Vendor has some control over what 3rd party developers make * Easier for the OS vendor and 3rd party developers to make money. Cons: * Response to system exploits (things that allow hackers to do whatever) is slower than open source OS due to a limited amount of code monkeys that have intimate knowledge and access to the OS code base * Closed OSs cost end users money hand over fist. Major upgrades will cost money. Most 3rd party software will cost large amounts of money. This is only fair to the people that put great time, effort and money to develop the tools...
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...LESSON 2 BASIC COMMANDS IN LINUX AND WINDOWS LESSON 2 – BASIC COMMANDS IN LINUX AND WINDOWS “License for Use” Information The following lessons and workbooks are open and publicly available under the following terms and conditions of ISECOM: All works in the Hacker Highschool project are provided for non-commercial use with elementary school students, junior high school students, and high school students whether in a public institution, private institution, or a part of home-schooling. These materials may not be reproduced for sale in any form. The provision of any class, course, training, or camp with these materials for which a fee is charged is expressly forbidden without a license including college classes, university classes, trade-school classes, summer or computer camps, and similar. To purchase a license, visit the LICENSE section of the Hacker Highschool web page at www.hackerhighschool.org/license. The HHS Project is a learning tool and as with any learning tool, the instruction is the influence of the instructor and not the tool. ISECOM cannot accept responsibility for how any information herein is applied or abused. The HHS Project is an open community effort and if you find value in this project, we do ask you support us through the purchase of a license, a donation, or sponsorship. All works copyright ISECOM, 2004. 2 LESSON 2 – BASIC COMMANDS IN LINUX AND WINDOWS Table of Contents “License for Use” Information....................
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...Project: Project Part 1: Executive Summary First World Savings and Loan is a financial institution that processes credit card transactions and loan applications online. We are currently considering implementing an open source infrastructure. This could potentially save us over $4,000,000 per year in licensing fees for the software we are currently using. However, due to our business needs; we must still comply with the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (SOX), Payment Card Industry - Data Security Standard (PCI-DSS), and the Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act (GLBA). We must comply with SOX, because we are a publicly-traded financial institution; PCI-DSS, because we process online credit card transactions; and GLBA, because we are a financial institution. All of the regulations of these three compliancy laws must be met, while still maintaining the Confidentiality, Integrity, and Availability (CIA) triad. All security requirements for SOX, PCI-DSS, and GLBA can be achieved using Linux and open source infrastructure. Some examples of open source software that we might use are: Web Server - Apache Web Filtering - DansGuardian Network Firewall - Turtle Firewall VPN - Endian Firewall Community IDS/IPS - Suricata Database - MySQL File Server - Samba SMTP Server - hMailServer I would recommend that we use a "Defense in Depth" strategy, having multiple layers of access protection. We need to have an IDS/IPS on...
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...LESSON 7 Knowledge Assessment Fill in the Blank: Complete the following exercise by filling in the blanks with the appropriate terms from this lesson. 1. The network load balancing method that assigns multiple IP addresses to a single host name is called ____dns round robin______. 2. The application high availability method that uses redundant servers with only one active at any time is called a __failover cluster________. 3. The Windows Server 2008 feature that enables end users to store copies of server-based documents on a local drive is called _offline files_________. 4. The servers in a network load balancing cluster continually exchange status messages called ________heartbeats__. 5. Windows Server 2008 servers can maintain multiple versions of a volume’s files using a feature called __shadow copies________. 6. The process by which servers are automatically added to and removed from a network load balancing cluster is called __convergance________. 7. A failover cluster stores its configuration database on a ___witness disk_______. 8. The role service that enables disconnected Terminal Services clients to reconnect to the same server is called _____TS session broker_____. 9. The application high availability mechanism that uses redundant servers, with all running simultaneously, is called ___network load balancing_______. 10. The Windows Server 2008 feature that enables a computer to verify an application before launching it...
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...It is very important to go through the process of hardening your network. Hardening is where you change the hardware and software configurations to make computers and devices as secure as possible. I choose the network layout workgroup. First with the workstations and laptops you need to shut down the unneeded services or programs or even uninstall them. I would also have installed reputable anti-virus software on the workstations. You also need a hardened image for all of your workstations. To do this you need to install a new copy of the operating system and then begin the process of hardening it. After you have one good hardened workstation you can use it as a model for all other workstations and laptops. As for the router you definitely need to protect it from unauthorized access. The router needs to be password protected and you should periodically change that password for added protection. For the cable modem you should keep all unwanted and unused ports closed. I would also schedule a regular scan of all the systems as part of my maintenance processes. These processes and procedures apply for all hardware devices. Disable remote administration, administration of your router / access point should be "local only", namely, there is no reason to let people from another country have access to your network hardware and If you need to make changes, you should be local to the device. Update the firmware. Believe it or not, consumer network hardware needs to be patched also. Check...
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...Mac Memory Management For rough draft Mac OS is available on two processor architectures: the Motorola 68k series and the PowerPC. Mac OS has a flat address space, shared between all processes. There is no per-process memory protection. Application code runs in supervisor mode, so there is no instruction protection. Mac OS has virtual memory, in the limited sense that a larger fixed address space can be simulated, by storing the entire address space on disc. This size of this address space is fixed at boot time. The lowest part of memory is occupied by the system partition. This contains some system global values which applications should not access directly, although there is nothing to prevent them doing so. Historically, the Mac OS used a form of memory management that has fallen out of favor in modern systems. Criticism of this approach was one of the key areas addressed by the change to OS X. The original problem for the engineers of the Macintosh was how to make optimum use of the 128 KB of RAM that the machine was equipped with. Since at that time the machine could only run one application program at a time, and there was no fixed secondary storage, the engineers implemented a simple scheme which worked well with those particular constraints. However, that design choice did not scale well with the development of the machine, creating various difficulties for both programmers and users. References: The Memory Management Reference Memory management in Mac OS, en...
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...that are dedicated to a single role that does not require and added applications or services. One example for when Server Core is applicable is for running a single server role such as a DNS server that requires no graphical user interface or extras to operate. The security benefits do indeed outweigh the inconvenience of having no graphical interface because you will typically be running Server Core on a server with a single role that is vital to the network, in which keeping it stable and running has a high priority. So sacrificing a bit of convenience to better protect these servers and maintain the job they perform. A virtual server is just as its name suggests a server that only exists in virtual space; it’s basically an operating system...
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