...* What is operations? * The part of a business organization that is responsible for producing goods or services * How can we define operations management? * The management of systems or processes that create goods and/or provide services Manufacturing and Service Organizations differ chiefly because manufacturing is goods-oriented and service is act-oriented The Operations Function consists of all activities directly related to producing goods or providing services. * System Design Capacity. Facility location. Facility layout. Product and service planning. Acquisition and placement of equipment * These are typically strategic decisions that * usually require long-term commitment of resources. Determine parameters of system operation * System Operation * These are generally tactical and operational decisions Management of personnel. Inventory management and control. Scheduling Project management * Quality assurance * Operations managers spend more time on system operation decision than any other decision area * They still have a vital stake in system design * The systems approach * Emphasizes interrelationships among subsystems * Main theme is that the whole is greater than the sum of its parts * The output and objectives of the organization take precedence over those of any one subsystem Supply chain issues * The need to improve operations * Increasing levels of outsourcing ...
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...Operations performance objectives This first point made in this section is that operations objectives are very broad. Operations management has an impact on the five broad categories of stakeholders in any organisation. Stakeholders is a broad term but is generally used to mean anybody who could have an interest in, or is affected by, the operation. The five groups are: * Customers - These are the most obvious people who will be affected by any business. What the chapter goes on to call the five operations performance objectives apply primarily to this group of people. * Suppliers - Operations can have a major impact on suppliers, both on how they prosper themselves, and on how effective they are at supplying the operation. * Shareholders - Clearly, the better an operation is at producing goods and services, the more likely the whole business is to prosper and shareholders will be one of the major beneficiaries of this. * Employees - Similarly, employees will be generally better off if the company is prosperous; if only because they are more likely to be employed in the future. However operations responsibilities to employees go far beyond this. It includes the general working conditions which are determined by the way the operation has been designed. * Society - Although often having no direct economic connection with the company, individuals and groups in society at large can be impacted by the way its operations managers behave. The most obvious example...
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...Operations management, the essential department of a company with the functions of designing, monitoring, and guiding the process of production Operations managers have the responsibility of ensuring that the business operations are efficient in the terms of utilizing as few resources as needed and effectively meeting customer requirements. Internally, operations management are tasked with the redesigning a business operations, as well as, handling/monitoring complaints from consumers and different problems with employees that need management to intervene. The decisions and actions taken within its operations have a direct impact on the basis on which an organization is able to survive and prosper within in its environment for a long- term period. Operations management includes substantial measurement and analysis of internal processes, which is carried out in a company depending on the nature of the products or services (Stevenson, 10th Edition, 2008). Maintaining a successful business is every companies overall goal. Building a strong relationship within the company as well as externally has been a key component in helping the company grow and continue to be successful (Establishing and Developing Strategic Relationships – The Role for Operations Managers. Staughton, Roy. 2009). Externally, how we manage productive resources is critical to making profits, growing and competing. Today, the purpose of operations management externally is to make the best use of productive...
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...ASSESSMENT FRONT SHEET LONDON CHURCHILL COLLEGE Programme: AAPBS LEVEL-5- Certificate in Business Mgmt Studies. Unit: Operations Management in Business Unit code: M- QCF level: 5 Credit Value: 15 Tutor: Sabrina Akbar Email- Sabrina.akbar@londonchurchillcollege.co.uk Date Set: 08/02/2012 Learner’s name and statement of authenticity Learner’s Name: …………….. Learner’s ID: Date handed-in: I certify that the work submitted for this assignment is my own. Where the work of others has been used to support my work then credit has been acknowledged. Signature: ……………………. Date: …………… 1. Introduction: Operations management is concerned about overseeing, redesigning and designing business operation in service or production of goods, efficient use of resources and effectively meeting of customer requirements. Operations management also cover the process which converts inputs into outputs like inputting raw materials or energy and labor and getting goods and services. It considers the utilization, development and acquisition of resources that organizations need to deliver services and goods their customers want. The works and jobs responsibility of operation management starts from strategic planning and ends at operational and technical levels. Operation management use various technology and ideas to reduce production and operating cost and increase productivity, improve customer services, increase product quality and improve...
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...Welcome to OPERATIONS MANAGEMENT Operations Management is important, exciting, challenging, and everywhere your look! Important, because it’s concerned with creating all of the products and services upon which we depend. Exciting, because it’s at the centre of so many of the changes affecting the world of business. Challenging, because the solutions that we find need to work globally and responsibly within society and the environment. And everywhere, because every service and product that you use – the cereal you eat at breakfast, the chair you sit on, and the radio station you listen to while you eat – is the result of an operation or process. Our aim in writing Operations Management is to give you a comprehensive understanding of the issues and techniques of operations management, and to help you get a great final result in your course. Here’s how you might make the most of the text: ● Get ahead with the latest developments – from the up-to-the-minute Operations in practice features in every chapter to the focus on corporate social responsibility in the final chapter – these put you at the cutting edge. ● Use the Worked examples and Problems and applications to improve your use of key quantitative and qualitative techniques, and work your way to better grades in your assignments and exams. ● Follow up on the recommended readings at the end of each chapter. They’re specially selected to enhance your learning and give you an edge in your course...
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...Operations management can be defined as the planning, scheduling, and control of the activities that transform inputs into finished goods and services. In other words, it is ‘a field of study that focuses on the effective planning , scheduling, use, and control of a manufacturing or service organisation through the study of concepts from design engineering, industrial engineering, and management information systems, quality management, production management, accounting, and other functions as the affect the operation. Operations management concerns making the most efficient use of whatever resources an organisation to provide the finished goods or services that its customer need on time and cost effective manner. Operations management is related with the strategy of the organisation. In this coursework, we will demonstrate the relationship between the operations management and the strategy of the organisation with the help of a corporate entity. The corporate entity chosen is McDonald's Corporation. McDonald's Corporation is the world's largest chain of fast-food restaurants. The business began in 1940, with a restaurant opened by siblings Dick and Mac McDonald in San Bernardino, California. Today McDonald's restaurants are found in 120 countries and around the world and serve nearly 54 million customers each day. Product Planning Organisations exist to provide products and services which can be purchased by other organisations or an individual. Therefore planning of products...
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...Nottingham Castle 2 2.1 The layout of Nottingham Castle 2 2.2 The characteristics of the operation in terms of Input 5 2.3 The characteristics of the operation in terms of Output 5 2.4 The characteristics of the operation in terms of 4Vs 6 3. The London Zoo 7 3.1 The general introduction of London Zoo 7 3.2 Outline the characteristics of London Zoo operation on input, output and 4Vs. 8 3.3 Quality performance being affected by input, output and 4Vs 9 4. Problems and recommendations 10 5. Conclusion 10 Reference 11 1. Introduction Every organization has its own operating system. In this report, it will compare and contrast the operation management in two places – the Nottingham Castle and the London Zoo. Firstly, it will give the general layout and process of Nottingham Castle and London Zoo. Secondly, analyse the three main aspects’ characteristic deeply: input, output and 4 Vs in Nottingham Castle, and then compare with London Zoo. In the last part, finding some problems and giving recommendations at London Zoo or Nottingham Castle, and discuss the solution. One thing needs to be mentioned: Because Museum and Art Gallery plays an important role in Nottingham Castle, it’s the core attractive place. In this report, it will be analysing those aspects based on the Museum and Art Gallery, it is the symbol of Nottingham Castle that can respond the whole operation very well in Nottingham Castle. 2. The Nottingham Castle Nottingham Castle is located in Nottingham...
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...PRINCIPLES AND APPLICATIONS OF OPERATIONS RESEARCH * Jayant Rajgopal Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania ABSTRACT This chapter will provide an overview of Operations Research (O.R.) from the perspective of an industrial engineer. The focus of the chapter is on the basic philosophy behind O.R. and the so-called “O.R. approach” to solving design and operational problems that industrial engineers commonly encounter. In its most basic form, O.R. may be viewed as a scientific approach to solving problems; it abstracts the essential elements of the problem into a model, which is then analyzed to yield an optimal solution for implementation. The mathematical details and the specific techniques used to build and analyze these models can be quite sophisticated and are addressed elsewhere in this handbook; the emphasis of this chapter is on the approach. A brief review of the historical origins of O.R. is followed by a detailed description of its methodology. The chapter concludes with some examples of successful real-world applications of O.R. * Maynard's Industrial Engineering Handbook, 5th Edition, pp. 11.27-11.44. 1.1 INTRODUCTION Although it is a distinct discipline in its own right, Operations Research (O.R.) has also become an integral part of the Industrial Engineering (I.E.) profession. This is hardly a matter of surprise when one considers that they both share many of the same objectives, techniques and application areas...
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...To reduce the number of German troops guarding the beaches of Omaha and Utah, as well as to make sure the Nazi Army didn’t know the exact time and location of the amphibious attacks, a fake army was implemented to trick Hitler’s plans into thinking that there was a powerful Army, under the command of a well known General being amassed away from the landing sights of Normandy (Hastings, 1985). Operation Bodyguard, as the entirety of the deception Operations were called, was designed to mislead the German Army away from the landing and the time in which the attack was to happen (Hesketh, 2000).Fictionally located at Kent and Sussex, Under the command of Lieutenant General George S. Patton, a fake Army Unit named The first United States Army...
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...1. Why is it undesirable for the United States to evolve into a service economy? It is undesirable for the United States to evolve into a service economy because several problems arise if jobs shift from manufacturing to service. One is that service job pay less. Many service jobs are in minimum wage, while hourly wages from manufacturing jobs have historically exceeded the minimum wage by a substantial margin. As a result the standard living will necessarily decline. Furthermore, manufacturing allows the firm to capture payoff for the development of new technology. If this payoff is lost, so is the incentive to invest in research. The decline of manufacturing domestically has led to a shift in jobs from the manufacturing sector to the service sector. Because there are major disparities in labor costs in different parts of the world, there are strong incentives for American firms to locate volume manufacturing facilities overseas to reduce labor costs. 2.What disadvantages do you see if the CEO is primarily concerned with the short-term ROI? In the short term, decreasing the denominator by cutting back on the investment in new technologies or new facilities. Performance is measured over short time horizons. There is little motivation for a CEO to invest in a project that is not likely to bear fruit. 3.Can you think of companies that have gone out of business because they focused only on cost and were not able to achieve a minimum quality standard? -“Enron went from...
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...Operations Management… By D.B.S. Saurabh Marwah(201401017), Dingnan Ouyang(201400084), Boyang Yu(201400104) Students – Asia Pacific International College Literature review 1 Literature review of Operations management Saurabh Marwah, Dingnang, Boyang Asia Pacific International College Research Topic: The impact of total supply chain management on organization performance? Literature review 2 Introduction Operations management is an important part for all the organizations to run themselves successfully or in a professional manner. It refers to decisions and responsibilities of managing the resources dedicated to the production and service delivery. Managers are the people who are responsible managing the resources that make up the operations function. There are other functions also which are not core to the organizations which are for the smooth running of the organizations such as accounting, IT, human resources. Being an operations manager contains a lot of responsibilities and activates in the organization, which contribute to give good service. * Strategic objective: Operations managers must clearly understand the goals of the organization and develop vision in order to achieve them, which also involve translating the goals into implications. * Operations strategy: There are numerous decision-making involved with operations, it is important that operations manager should have a set of guidelines that are connected with organization’s...
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...Journal of Business & Economics Research – July 2005 Volume 3, Number 7 Operations Research And Operations Management: From Selective Optimization To System Optimization Jack A. Fuller, (E-mail: jfuller@wvu.edu), West Virginia University C. Lee Martinec, West Virginia University ABSTRACT The focus of this research paper is to discuss the development of Operations Management (OM) and Operations Research (OR) with respect to their use within the organization’s decision-making structure. In addition, the difference in the tools and techniques of the two fields is addressed. The question is raised as to how distinct the two academic fields have become in light of the application of their models to the service industry. Suggestions are made regarding the possibility of incorporating OM/OR models and their output into the decision making structure of the organization towards the goal of “system optimization”. ORIGINS OF OPERATIONS MANAGEMENT AND OPERATIONS RESEARCH A comparison of the origins of operations management and operations research reveals that both are an innovation of the 20th century. The origin of operations research was in England, circa 1937, and has its roots in scientific management, with its first significant applications to military operations in both World War I and World War II. Operations management had its origins in the early factory system, and was more associated with physical production in a factory environment and it too was strongly influenced...
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...Why is demand in tourism different from other industry operations? i. Tourism industry is dominated by small and often owner-managed firms. ii. There is also great diversity in the different types of operation such as hotels, restaurants, pubs and so on and therefore it is difficult to generalize about the organisational structure of organization within the tourism industry [wood 1994]. iii. The tourism industry tends to employ large numbers of individualistic and even idiosyncratic proprietors and managers and its stated that being able to have direct control over the operation is seen as the main attraction of entering the industry for proprietors and managers [Wood, 1997]. iv. Managers in the tourism industry are found to be different in personality from managers in other industry. For example studies by Lockwood [1989], stone [1988] and WORSFOLD [1989] found hotel managers to be more autocratic, assertive, competitive, stubborn, spontaneous, cynical, critical, controlling and practical. What techniques were suggested for improving the quality of services in response to fluctuations in demand? i. The “chase and level strategy” where the firm chase demand by offering flexible working hours, etc. The firm alter the level of demand by utilizing marketing mix [sassier 1976] ii. “Yield management” is used to alter demand by carefully forecasting, overbooking, choosing high yield customers etc. [KIMES 19890] iii. “Intelligence enhancement strategy” is used to analyse historical...
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...11/23/12 Operation Flood - Research Papers - Mahesh8006 Log In | Essays Book Notes Citation Generator More Sign Up Search 840 000 Essays Taaza Bollywood News Stars, Gossip, Style and More For the New Indian in You! Site Search Web Search Essays » Governments » International Organizations Operation Flood Report | By mahesh8006, Jun 2012 | 4 Pages (824 Words) | 43 Views| Sign Up to access full essay This is a Premium essay Operation Flood was a rural development programme started by India's National Dairy Development Board (NDDB) in 1970. One of the largest of its kind, the programme objective was to create a nationwide milk grid. It resulted in making India the largest producer of milk and milk products, and hence is also called the White Revolution of India. It also helped reduce malpractices by milk traders and merchants. This revolution followed the Indian Green Revolution and helped in alleviating poverty and famine levels from their dangerous proportions in India during the era. Introduction Operation Flood has helped dairy farmers, direct their own development, placing control of the resources they create in their own hands. A 'National Milk Grid', links milk producers throughout India with consumers in over 700 towns and cities, reducing seasonal and regional price variations while ensuring that the producer gets a major share of the price consumers pay. The bedrock of Operation Flood has been village milk producers' cooperatives, which procure...
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...OPERATIONS MANAGEMENT -TOPICS & EXAMPLES What Is Operations and Supply Chain Management? 1-2 The design, operation, and improvement of the systems that create and deliver the firm’s primary products and services ¨ Operations and supply chain management (OSCM) is ¨ ¤ A functional field of business ¤ Concerned with the management of the entire production/delivery system Goods versus Services 1-3 Goods Services Pure Goods Core Goods Core Services Pure Services Tangible Less interaction with customers Often homogeneous Not perishable – can be inventoried Intangible Interaction with customer required Inherently heterogeneous Perishable/time dependent Defined and evaluated as a package of features Importance 1-4 ¨ Regardless of the type of organization, they all must ‘do’ operations management because all of them exist to produce some mixture of products and services. ¤ Even if the term “operations management” is not used Operations management decisions have a major impact on both the cost of producing products or services and how well the products and services are produced and delivered (which in turn impacts profits) ¨ In the non-profit sector, quality services that are delivered efficiently provide greater value to the community ¨ Operations and Supply Chain Processes 1-5 Operations Manufacturing and service processes used to transform resources into products Supply Chain Processes that...
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