1:1 Every organisation has goals and objectives, to achieve those the organisation needs to divide the work between its members.
The structure is the framework of management and employee relationships, which operate at different levels within the organisation. #1
Tall and flat organisations both have a single person with overall control, the difference being that a tall organisation then splits in to a narrow span of control but with many levels of management. Flat organisations have fewer levels of management but with a wider span of control.
A function based structure and a product based structure may have more than one person at the top, they may have a board of directors or executives, below these the structures differ in that the function based will have departments for each function of the organisation i.e. marketing, Accounts, HR etc. whereas a product based organisation will have a department solely concentrating on each product and the departments for each i.e. Marketing, Accounts etc. will be duplicated for each product.
A matrix structure is different to all the above in as much as the Product managers will manage all the activities and staff for their product but the Heads of Functions will manage their own staff and activities.
1:2 Organizational structure and organizational culture have a dependent relationship with one another. In the business world, management structure determines the behaviours, attitudes, dispositions and ethics that create the work culture. If a company's organizational structure is strictly hierarchical, with decision-making power centralized at the top, the company's culture will likely reflect a lack of freedom and autonomy at the lower levels. If a company's management structure is decentralized, with shared power and authority at all levels, the culture is likely to be more independent, personalized and accountable.
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