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Organization Behavioral

In: Business and Management

Submitted By tanjajb
Words 849
Pages 4
Introduction

Organizational Behavior (OB) is the study of individuals and groups in organizations. Incorporated with this study are various scientific foundations that link multiple psychological theories and process together that looks closer at individual attitudes, group dynamics and relationships between managers and workers. From this study and foundation we can look specifically at the role of two motivation theory process: Expectancy Theory of Motivation and Extrinsic Theory of Motivation.

To begin we define motivation as "forces within an individual that account for the level, direction, and persistence of effort expended at work." (Schermerhorn, Hunt, Osborn-2008) Relating these forces to expectance and extrinsic theories, direction refers to the choice an individual makes when presented with multiple choices; level refers to the effort an individual put forth; and persistence refers to the tanasity of the individual to continue with or complete a particular task that is difficult in nature. While the process theory itself focuses on thoughts or cognitions taking place within an individual's mind that will influence behavior; it is in this process theory that we probe deeper into the expectance and extrinsic motivators that are influenced by these cognitions.

Expectancy Theory of Motivation

The expectancy theory of motivation is a process theory that Victor Vroom, a business school professor at the Yale School of Management, argues is determined by individual beliefs regarding effort and performance relationships with respect to work outcomes. In other words, Vroom's theory is about the cognitive processes associated when an individual weighs the options of the available options and makes a choice from what is available. Vroom also states that "people do what they can, when they want as a result of rational calculations." Vroom's

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