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Organization Studies

In: Business and Management

Submitted By micka1717
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Studi di organizzazione

Ciò che è destinato agli studi di organizzazione è un insieme variegato di contributi che abbracciano molteplici prospettive e disegnare su una serie di discipline come l'economia, la sociologia, la psicologia. Ogni disciplina porta il proprio punto di vista nel concentrarsi sulle organizzazioni: gli scienziati studiano i processi del potere politico e decisionale, gli economisti affrontano i problemi di allocazione con attenzione, in particolare, all'efficienza e alla produttività, i sociologi sono interessati agli ordinamenti dello stato, alle norme e ai comportamenti, dal punto di vista psicologico, vengono considerati elementi fondamentali per i sistemi organizzativi: percezione, cognizione e motivazione dei partecipanti.
Nel complesso, i contributi alle organizzazioni non costituiscono un corpo unico di conoscenza, ma si riferiscono a diversi flussi che variano dall'ontologia, all'epistemologia, alla lingua, ai problemi affrontati, ai differenti livelli di analisi, ai collegamenti tra realtà ed empiricità etc..

Gli studi sulle organizzazioni sono tradizionalmente suddivisi in teoria dell'organizzazione e comportamento organizzativo, con ulteriori aggregazioni attorno a temi quali cognizione organizzativa, operazioni, sistemi di comunicazione e di informazione, di cambiamento e di sviluppo. Nessuno di questi è un unico campo di studio indipendente anzi, costituiscono complessivamente una comprensione provvisoria della complessità delle organizzazioni senza fornire un sapere cumulativo del fenomeno. È un dato di fatto che le prospettive sulle organizzazioni, sviluppate in tempi diversi continuano a coesistere ed ancora evolvono in reazione ad un altra prospettiva. Questo è il motivo per il quale alcuni studiosi preferiscono affrontare tali contributi sotto l'etichetta più ampia di studi organizzativi.

Prospettiva storica

Teoria dell'organizzazione è riconosciuta come l'area all'interno studi di organizzazione che ha un ricco e più antico patrimonio intellettuale. Mentre temi e problemi affrontati oggi all'interno dell'organizzazione studi sono stati sicuramente affrontato in passato di grandi progetti, come le piramidi, i cinesi parete o l'Arsenale di Venezia, tali questioni sono state lasciate all'archeologia, nonostante qualche rara eccezioni (Zan 2004). Studiosi Organizzazione ritengono che solo nel corso degli ultimi 100 anni, studi di management e di organizzazione si sono sviluppati in una disciplina delle scienze sociali, un corpo di pensare e di scrivere che cerca di descrivere, spiegare e-almeno nel intento originale anche-influenza, ciò che accade in organizzazioni e imprese.
Smith, Marx, Durkheim, Taylor e Fayol fornito contributi fondamentali per la gestione e studi di organizzazione prima che il campo è stato identificato come tale, e si è evoluta in discipline separate.
Per questo motivo essi sono raggruppati nella preistoria della disciplina, o nella scuola classica.
Essi concepiscono le organizzazioni come sistemi razionali, che sono progettati per raggiungere obiettivi specifici. Studi hanno lo scopo di aumentare la produttività e l'efficienza. Entrambi gli studiosi (sociologi, economisti e ingegneri) e professionisti sono stati coinvolti per fornire soluzioni e teorizzazioni utili per questo
scopo

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