...In 1988 a man by the name of Osama Bin Laden, strated a terrorist organization known as Al-Qaeda. This Militant group in 1993 sent 2 men to New York. The 2 men took a van and put a bomb in the car. The men drove the truck into a parking lot underground the World Trade Center the 2 men ran away from the car and 12 minutes later the bomb was detonated. Luckily there were very few deaths only 6 civilians killed but many injuries (1042). After the car bombing mass murder not meeting expectations of the Militant group leader Osama Bin Laden, in 1994 Osama gathered 19 men to help plan an attack on the World Trade Center again. After 3 years of running around hiding through many governments in the middle east. The 20 men went to Malaysia in 1997...
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...9/11 I chose the events of 9/11 for my research paper because there has not been any other even in U.S. history that has changed America as much as the terrorist attacks on September 11, 2001. Not even when Japan attack Pearl Harbor had such an attack on the U.S. changed the way we live or the way we see things. Yes the attack on Pearl Harbor sent the U.S. to war but the 9/11 attacks have not only changed our thinking but also implemented a new system to alert Americans when there could be another attack on U.S. soil. There has been so much talk on the events of 9/11 from it being another country to it being the work of the government to hide information to wanting to start a war. Which it did, American forces invaded Afghanistan to search for Osama Bin Laden. The thought that someone could hijack commercial airliners (Boeing 767s) and use them to attack high rises, not only high rises but U.S. landmarks and also the Pentagon which houses the military headquarters in the United States. There were four airliners hijacked that day with three of them hitting their marks and the fourth one crashing in a Pennsylvania field. The attacks are the worst terrorist attacks to ever happen on U.S. soil, resulting in more than 3,000 people were killed due to the attacks on New York and Washington D.C. After the first plane hit the north tower of the World Trade Center on the 80th floor, it trapped hundreds of people above the fiery inferno and they started evacuating the north tower. Within...
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...Courtney Friedman Term Paper: International Terrorism (Due Week 10) Professor Smith 5/23/14 CRJ 440 Terrorism, it is a well-known term, every person has all heard of it, but yet do we really know what it is. Terrorism is in the eyes of most, a meaningless hate crime, which has no true reason behind it. The terrorism mindset is people who want to create terror among civilization. They are trained to disturb peace, and to break social harmony. Terrorism is also a horrible threat to the modern world and modern society. It has become a problem around the world, not just in the United States. Many innocent people are killed by terrorist and their acts of terrorism. An individual can see terrorism in multiple forms, but not limited to: Bombing, hijacking, cross border terrorist activities and massacres on a massive scale, in addition to many others not listed. Its consequences are very frightening. Though much effort is put into eliminating terrorism, it is impossible to get rid of it until some strict laws are devised. Whenever and wherever society is victim to brutality, injustice, wrongs and intolerance, terrorism cannot be eradicated. There are many terrorist groups out there, of many different origins and sects. The group that will be discussed is Al Qaeda, which is the most well-known out of the groups listed. The questions and statements that will be answered and debated are: 1.) A brief explanation of Al Qaeda and the summarization of its origins, 2.) Al Qaeda's major...
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...Al-Qaeda By Joseph Hubert Abstract My main focus in this paper is the terrorist group that terrorized America and other counties for a few years; this group is named Al-Qaeda. Within this paper I intend to explain the main goals and objectives of the terrorist organization /group. Identify the primary tools, or terrorist methods, they use to conduct their terrorist activities. Identify the controls the U.S. uses to prevent their terrorist activities/operations. Discuss the effectiveness in controlling or stopping their terrorist activities. I will do this by sharing the information that I have found during my research. I will also provide a few scholarly references. 1. Explain the main goals and objectives of the terrorist organization /group. The main goal of this terrorist group was to wage a global jihad, which means holy war. Another one of their focuses was to cause chaos all over the world, this group set out to cause destruction in quite a few countries, and their primary area of focus was America. No one really knows the true reason for all of their attacks, but I think they set out to accomplish all of this because they wanted to take control of the other countries that they waged attacks on. I think that their objective was just that to gain control and power in every country. 2. Identify the primary tools, or terrorist methods, they use to conduct their terrorist activities. The primary tools and terrorist methods used by Al-Qaeda when posing their...
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...use of torture for information, while others discourage it because they believe that it goes against human ethics. Human ethics are the rights that all humans have, and the big controversy over torture is whether torture goes against those ethics. In this paper the method of torture will be examined for both encouragement and discouragement based on the views each person has of human ethics. It is quite easy to look at worldwide news telecasts and know what kind of things that American...
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...Having grown up in the age of the internet, I have seen the news stories and videos of 9/11. It has made me wonder several questions such as “Why pick America, of all places, to attack?” or “What did we do to retaliate?” To this day we still aren’t sure of the actual reasoning behind it, but we still have theories. As for retaliation, the government sought out those who did this to our country. I first became interested in this topic this past semester for political science. In groups of two, we had to write a paper based on a topic that we could select. Before doing extensive research into the topic, more questions were forming in my mind. I wanted to know what our government did to seek out justice against those who participated in 9/11. Even though my partner and I collectively had to choose a side, I wasn’t quite sure what side I choosing. Then the research continued. I researched deeper in to the subject. With what little research I had done, I started into the paper. Enhanced interrogation techniques are what the conservatives call it. Liberals call it torture. The more important question is this: Does it work? Liberals say no, while the conservatives say yes. In the eyes of a conservative it might read something like this: We believe that enhanced interrogation techniques work and provide results faster than sting operations that could take years to complete. Enhanced interrogation techniques have been a crucial tool in the war against terror. Former chief of “clandestine”...
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...Research Paper: Final On September 11, 2001, 19 militants associated with the Islamic extremist group al-Qaeda, hijacked four American planes and executed pre-engineered terrorist attacks against various targets in the United States. Two of the planes were flown directly into the towers of the World Trade Center in New York City. A third plane then hit the Pentagon just outside Washington, DC, and the fourth and final plane crashed into a field in Pennsylvania. Now referred to as 9/11, the attacks resulted in extensive destruction, over 3000 merciless deaths in New York City and Washington, and triggered the driving force behind major US initiatives to combat terrorism. Also, may view this horrific event as a defining moment in the presidency of George W. Bush. The first strike was on the North Tower of the World Trade Center. Flight 11, a Boeing 747 carrying 76,000 pounds of jet fuel and 92 passengers, was overtaken by five Arabic passengers, that was later discovered to have worked directly with al-Qaida leader, Osama bin Laden to both plan and give life to this attack. At 7:40 am the flight departed from Boston as normal, the flight maintained its course for the first thirteen minutes. Following this, the crew was not acknowledging communications with the FAA. Several attempts were made to communicate with the crew but no reply was received, with the exception of the sound of static and was thought to be a scream. Connection was finally made at 8:18am to Cary, North Carolina...
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...Kyle Walker English 2-H Faigenbaum 5/1/2012 Research Essay Assignment Inhumanity In Our World Genocide is one of the most evil moral crimes any ruling authority such as a government can commit against its people. A general definition of ‘Genocide’ is the intention to destroy or murder people because of their race, beliefs, or even political and economic status. Legal expert, Raphael Lemkin, created the term ‘Genocide’ 1944. Lemkin, a Polish Attorney, combined the ancient Greek word ‘genos’ which means race and the Latin word ‘cide’ which translates to killing. There are many examples of genocide in the world but the most recognizable is that of the Holocaust and how the German powers that be sought and attempted to kill all Jews. A recent example is the Rawandan Genocide in 1994 where the assassination of Juvénal Habyarimana caused a violent reaction resulting in mass killings. In efforts to reduce Genocide, the Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide (UHCG) was adopted by the United Nations in 1948 and was placed in force in 1951. On July 1, 2002 the International Criminal Court (ICC) came into force. The ICC not only accepted the UHCG’s definition of Genocide but expanded it to include crimes against humanity such as enslavement, deportation, torture, rape, enforced disappearance and apartheid. There have been many organizations created throughout the world to defend and prevent Genocide. Communities, Religions and even Colleges are forming...
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...I explained the cause-and-effect relationship convincingly? 3. Have I organized my causes and/or effects logically? 4. Have I used sound logic? 5. Have I concluded my essay effectively? 6. Have I proofread thoroughly? Adam Tennis Professor Martinez English 101 140531 PTSD: A Battle that lasts beyond the Combat Zone I will be using this paper to highlight some of the cause and effect of a familiar disorder, Post-traumatic stress disorder. Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder is currently an ongoing issue that many veterans are dealing with after Iraq and Afghanistan and it is something that you live with for the rest of your life. As more and more veterans are being diagnosed with Post Traumatic Stress Disorder after returning from combat zones it has become a hot topic. This is a disease that lasts long past the combat zone. There has been an extreme amount of research poured into the treatment of this disorder but still little has been yielded for the treatment or even a baseline that causes the disorder. “In recent years there has been a rapidly growing amount of research on the treatment of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Our recent metaanalysis suggested that exposure to therapy and eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) are among the most effective treatments for PTSD” (Pg. 13) Although many people do suffer from Post-traumatic stress disorder I will be focusing on the veterans who are embattled with dealing with this...
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...The Use of the Predator Drone in Afghanistan and Pakistan: An Essential Component of the War on Terror [pic] Photo Source: United States Air Force Website. Matthew R. Green CORE/PCON 322 Research Project March 27, 2007 I. Introduction/Thesis The last two decades of the 20th century and the first five years of the 21st century saw an increase in terrorist attacks around the world. Many were connected in some way to the conflicts in the Middle East and directed at the United States, culminating in the attacks of September 11, 2001. Terrorism is unique in that the majority of the acts perpetrated have no direct connection to foreign governments. Rather, terrorism emanates from extremist cells within the populace, with a network of individuals and properties living everyday life alongside the general population. The problem is further complicated because the enemy is hardly ever together as one, instead spread across different countries, and indeed continents. In present day War on Terror, it is necessary to eliminate small cells of extremists living among the general populace, often in a covert manner. Small, low-profile yet highly accurate and effective strikes that do not involve US military personnel are essential to avoid harming innocent civilians. One of the most famous weapons to be developed from these emerging necessities in the 1980’s and 1990’s is the Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV), more commonly...
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...Introduction: Afghanistan has a history of a high degree of decentralization, and resistance to foreign invasion and occupation. Some have termed it the “graveyard of empires.” Afghanistan is a landlocked country that is located approximately in the center of Asia. It is bordered by Pakistan in the south and east. Since the late 1970s Afghanistan has suffered brutal civil war in addition to foreign interventions in the form of the 1979 Soviet invasion and the 2001 U.S. invasion. The strategic interests of the great powers of the day in Afghanistan pitched against the potential threat of terrorism, religious extremism, smuggling and drug trafficking substantiates the assertion that Afghan security situation has the potential to generate effects far beyond its borders. Afghanistan had experienced several coups since 1973, when the Afghan monarchy was overthrown by Daud Khan, who was sympathetic to Soviet overtures. Subsequent coups reflected struggles within Afghanistan among factions with different ideas about how Afghanistan should be governed and whether it should be communist, and with degrees warmth toward the Soviet Union. The Soviets intervened following the overthrow of a pro-communist leader. In late December 1979, after several months of evident military preparation, they invaded Afganistan. At that time, the Soviet Union and the United States were engaged in the Cold War, a global competition for the fealty of other nations. The United States was, thus, deeply interested...
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... al Qaeda, by definition as a terrorist organization must be a secret one or face immediate destruction at the hands of any number of governments. The following sections will discuss the structure, strengths, and weaknesses of al Qaeda as it has changed from September 2001 to today. Structure Pre 9/11: Al Qaeda was very typically structured as a hierarchical organization circa 2001. It had a small leadership cell with different organizational cells below it like security and recruiting. Some descriptions include as many as 4 levels of organization (Tucker, 2008). While the lines of al Qaeda’s hierarchy were much less clear in actuality than they are on any paper depiction of the network, it was, for all intents and purposes, a hierarchical, top-down organization. The central leadership cell was headed by Osama bin Laden, a charismatic millionaire who began his career with fighting the Soviets in Afghanistan. The leaders had control over when and where attacks took place, and al Qaeda affiliation was clear, membership was...
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...present, and future of Afghanistan. I only focused on my mission at hand. I did basic research about the culture, and geography, but I never focused on what makes Afghanistan what it is; a country that by today's international standards has devolved. As I write this paper, I have a few goals. First, is to expand my knowledge base on the country, which in the long run will have a direct affect on my missions. Secondly, I wish to answer the question "How has the past forty years of constant conflict affected Afghanistan's past, present, and future". I want to look at this as a study because Afghanistan has been in a constant state of war for the last forty years, and it has taken its toll. Generations of Afghani's have never known peace, only war. In order to do a proper analysis on an entire country and its people, I will address the PMESII-P factors, though not sequentially. PMESII-P is a military acronym that stands for Political, military, economic, social, information, infrastructure, and physical environment. PMESII-P is a "reliable framework for analysis that, when applied judiciously, will lead to a sophisticated understanding of the dynamics within the foreign country or region of their assignment. Furthermore, the framework provides the start point for specific analyses of associated operational issues, questions, and problems". While this is not intended to be an exhaustive research, looking at a nations past, and present can provide us with insight on its possible...
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...Executive Summary After Osama Bin Laden was killed by a U.S. military raid in Pakistan, his aides have followed his footsteps and started their own branch of Al Qaeda in the Arabian Peninsula (AQAP). This organization was formed in January 2009 through a union of the Saudi and Yemeni branches of al-Qaeda (Masters, Jonathan. 2012). This fairly new group has the closest components and core, associated with Bin Laden’s former Al-Qaeda network. With the country of Yemen unstable, this organization looks to overtake the country with new recruits and spread their cause to its borders and beyond, from their stronghold in the southern part of the country. The AQAP’s primary goals are to try and bring down a United States airliner, spread Islamic Law, and continue to draw out a long fight forcing America to slow the economy by spending its money on security for the nation. Fighters arriving back to Yemen from the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan bring their experiences and provide valuable training to the new recruits. Ibrahim Hassan al-Asiri, mastermind of bomb making, has almost made all of his devices come to life. By gathering intelligence and focus overtime, we know more about how potentially deadly and a threat this organization is to the United States. Current operations with drone surveillance and strikes are trying to take out this organization’s operatives. Imbedded agents are trying to gather information on the ground to try and foil the next plot. The United States has been...
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...Some notes below. I understand that this was done under difficult conditions, but the level of research effort is not as high as it should have been and too much of the paper amounts to stringing together quotations. Grade B- THE UNITED STATES NAVAL WAR COLLEGE COLLEGE OF DISTANCE EDUCATION TERRORISM BY NON-STATE ACTORS FINAL PAPER THE QUR’AN AND TERROR [pic] U.S. NAVAL WAR COLLEGE WEB-ENABLED PROGRAM DONALD ROSS APRIL 2013 DR. JIM MISKEL INSTRUCTING The views expressed in this student academic research paper are those of the author and do not reflect the official policy or position of the Department of the Navy, Department of Defense, or the U.S. Government. The Quran and Terror On September 11, 2001, (9/11) the United States was attacked in a series of coordinated terrorist attacks launched by the Islamist terrorist group Al-Qaeda. On that Tuesday morning, 19 Al-Qaeda terrorists hijacked four passenger jets, intending to fly them in suicide attacks into targeted buildings. The September 11 attacks resulted in nearly 3000 deaths that day. The subsequent series of events those attacks set in motion resulted in the deaths of more than 6,000 soldiers, 2,300 contractors and hundreds of thousands of Afghan and Iraqi soldiers, policemen and civilians. The ramifications from 9/11 continue to contribute to our financial difficulties. The total cost of the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan is estimated at more than $5...
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