...THE ANCIENT CIVILIZATIONS OF INDIA: History reports three early civilizations: 1. INDUS VALLEY CIVILIZATION- (Time period: 2500-1500 BC) It is one of the earliest civilizations. We know about it through excavations. The British told us about this civilization. It was located along the Indus River, as the name suggests, along with its east and west tributaries. It was dotted around 70 centers. Mohenjo-Daro was found near the Indus Delta, and Harappa near Ravi. The Economic characteristics consisted of agriculture (surplus agriculture) in a semi irrigation environment. The surplus came through challenge and technology (flood canals). Crops were grown throughout the year. Other distinguishing characteristics: They lived in urban centers. They had a high standard of living. They were well planned, even in those times. It had a zonal structure. The city was divided into zones. They were layered into functional zones. 1. Religion: they were into worshipping nature. 2. Commercial: Big Square. There were rooms probably shops. 3. Residential: Urban centers were layered in a grid pattern with houses on the grids. (New York today is made on that pattern). They had a high standard of living. Houses were permanent (you can still find the leftover structure). The architecture was permanent. The houses were well ventilated. Air and light used to enter the house. The houses were multi storied with strong foundation. The bricks were made of mud of land but were baked. The drainage...
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...Location * Pakistan is located in Southern Asia, bordering the Arabian Sea, between India on the east and Iran and Afghanistan on the west and China in the north. Demographics * Population: 187,342,721 (July 2011 est.) * Birth rate: 24.81 births/1,000 population (2011 est.) * Death rate: 6.92 deaths/1,000 population (July 2011 est.) Major causes * Monsoon patterns and heavy rainfall. * Pakistan’s climate varies from temperate to tropical with rainfall ranging from less than 10 inches to about 150 inches a year in various regions. * Half of the Pakistan's rain falls between July and September (monsoon season) which causes intense rainfall resulting in flooding each year. * Heavy monsoon rainfalls of more than 200 millimetres (7.9 in) were recorded during the four day wet spell from 27 July to 30 July 2010 in the provinces of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and Punjab based on data from the Pakistan Meteorological Department. * Climate Change. * Deforestation. (Physical Factors) * Deforestation is the removal of a forest or stand of trees where the land is thereafter converted to a non forest use. * Pakistan is known to have one of the highest rates of deforestation in the world. * Only 5% of Pakistan is now occupied by forest due to excessive timber harvesting. * Due to the lack of vegetation to intercept the precipitation, flooding occurred. * Hydrological processes such as percolation, infiltration and soil saturation are hindered...
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...For journalists, Pakistan is the most horrible place because of the critical security and safety problems. These problems exist more commonly in FATA and NWFP which are the tribal areas of Pakistan. The journalists have to face target killings and other propagandas. There are prohibited areas for journalists and they have to escape all the time form the conflicting parties in order to save their lives. Therefore in these areas the media information is limited as many restrictions have been put on the information. In the last few years, any journalists have been murdered and they have high political pressures on them which are implied on them in directly. The government also banned some popular channels which stood against the government. Pervaiz Musharaff made a regulatory authority PEMRA so that he can take over the control of the media all by himself. He passed certain rules and regulations and the ones who disobeyed government, their licenses were also suspended. Not only the local government, but different state agencies ware also after media. Media in Pakistan – historical background the...
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...Dr. Abdullah Khurram ------------------------------------------------- BS Emergency, B.Sc Medical. DHMS, RHMP. Diplomate Disaster Management S/O Khurram Saeed D.O.B: 7th November 1987 Domicile: Punjab Address: 56-A, F block, Johar Town, Lahore. Punjab, Pakistan. Mob. +92 331 7129200 , +92 315 6519495 Email: intensivist87@gmail.com ACADEMIC QUALIFICATIONS 2014 – 16 (continued – Distant learning)) – M.phil MS Project Management (1st semester Continued) COMSATS institute of Information & Technology Virtual Campus, Islamabad 2013 – Postgraduate Diplomate Disaster Risk Management (PGD – 3.5 GPA) Disaster Research institute, Preston University Islamabad 2013 – Masters Medical Emergency & Intensive Care Technology Institution: Nishtar Medical College, Multan University of Health Sciences, Lahore 2010 - DHMS Diploma in Homeopathic Medical Sciences Institution: Dr. Noor Homeopathic Medical College, Multan (Registered with Pakistan Council for Homeopathy, Islamabad) 2009 - Graduation B.Sc Medical Sciences Institution: Emerson College, Multan. (Affiliated with Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan Recognized by HEC) 2006...
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...The private roots of public participation: Women’s engagement in democratic politics in Pakistan Dissertation – MA Gender and Development Marion R. Mueller, September 2004 Abstract This paper contributes to the discussion about the involvement of women as decision-makers in democratic political processes. It questions the conditions that are necessary to promote such involvement and that open up spaces for the translation of women’s representation into political influence. The context of the devolution of power process in Pakistan shows that it is not enough to only set up democratic institutions to achieve women’s political effectiveness. Instead there is need for significant support through the state, political parties and civil society. To personalise the political is necessary for successfully being able to achieve policy outcomes that reflect women’s interests. Table of contents Abbreviations & Foreign Words 4 List of Figures and Tables 5 Acknowledgements 6 1. Introduction 7 Choice of case study 8/ Methodology 9/ Dissertation structure 10 2. Locating women’s engagement in democratisation 11 3. Imagining the political: women and the nature of the state 16 The framework of the state 16/ Defining access: affirmative action policies in Pakistan 16/ Devolving power to the grassroots 18/ Personalising the political: the presence of women councillors 20 4. Institutionalising the political:...
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...Pakistan is a beautiful country. It is the land of the pure and the land of dreams, where each day the sun rises to mark a new beginning. Founded back on the 14th of August 1947, it is 65 years old. When Pakistan first came into being, many people said it would not survive. However, it is true that our forefathers faced several problems and had to make many sacrifices, but today, as the 21st century progresses, Pakistan has surely come over hurdles and made developments in many fields of life. Pakistan is a country that possesses a store of talent; however the problem arises when it comes to using that talent, as for many years now, Pakistan has been facing serious issues that include terrorism. Terrorism has led to a rising death toll and destruction of homes, markets, businesses, etc. the constant blast of guns and bombs has instilled a fear in the hearts of the people. One of the major problems that Pakistan is currently facing is the load shedding issue of electricity and gas. It has resulted in absolute chaos. Industries are collapsing, people are facing the evils of unemployment and there is general disorder in the country. Businesses are also facing closing issues. It has resulted in inflation as production of products is low and therefore it has increased demand rates where sufficient materials are not being provided. Load shedding is also causing a menace to the domestic sector as now we have to work by candlelight, generators, U.P.S etc. the studies of...
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...------------------------------------------------- Zeeshan Ahmad Khan | ------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------- Address: | ------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------- Contact: | ------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------- Email(s): | ------------------------------------------------- Zeeshan.khan687@gmail.com | ------------------------------------------------- | Objective: | Self-motivated individual with strong problem solving skills, seeking for a position that allow me to utilize my skills so that the outcome can be used for the benefit of the organization. I believe given a chance I would become an asset to any organization immediately. | Academic Education Sr. | Certification / Degree | Institution / University | Specialization | Passing Year | 1 | Ms Management Science (Leading to PhD) | University of the Central Punjab | Finance | (Dissertation in...
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...The job fair.. University of central punjab lahore organised the event " JOB FAIR" 2014. Department of promotion and placement in the collrabration with HR ulrich's forum and idea society of organised the Job Fair. The event brought around 70 local and multiple companies belonging to various sectors of industries and brought up under one roof to bridge the gap between our talent pool and these esteemed prospective employes. The job fair bring above 8000 students and gradutes. Idea society of of UCP was organising this whole event and the interviewers was treated well by the university .The staff manager were facing very minor problem but overall there was very positive reaction both form the students and the stall interviewers because UCP management were handling them very camly. According to organiser "Muhammad zeeshan" preparation was started on 29 nov at 6pm and completed next morning at 9am. Ceremony was started at 11am and was supposed to be closed at 5am but it ended at 3am. THE HONORABLE GUESTS was.. Mr.Sohail Lashari, Chairman Lahore Chamber of Commerce graced this event as Chief Guest. Dr.Muhammad Zafarullah, Honorable Pr-Rector UCP. Dr.Tabraiz Aslam Shami, Dean Faculty of Engineering. Dr.Zafar Iqbal Jaboon, Dean Business School. Mr.Mudassir Masood, President Alumni Association this event with this presence as guest of honor. Dr.Fehmida Sultana, Dean Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences. The chief guest Mr.Sohail Lashri gave the certificates to the organisers...
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...Saleem Khan, London Metropolitan University, Religious Nationalism and Sectarianism in Pakistan Introduction Since the American occupation of Iraq, intra-Muslim violence has become daily news but prior to 2003, Pakistan not Iraq was the global centre for violent conflict between different Muslim sects. In 1947, British India was divided on religious lines and two nation-states India and Pakistan emerged. The British educated founding fathers of Pakistan perceived a united India as being detrimental to Muslims because as a minority Muslims would be not be recognized as equals by the Hindu majority state which would also suppress their rights so the concept of Pakistan was formulated as a nation-state where some aspects of liberal democracy would be implanted so that fairness and non-interference would be the norm. In the 1970s partly because of violent challenges to the state by ethno-nationalist movements partly inspired by uneven economic development and the upheavals in the international arena due to the Cold War, there was a major shift away from pluralistic politics and a move towards greater Islamisation beginning with the narrowing of the definition of a Muslim by the state in which the state gave up its neutrality. Additional government legislation imposing uniform religious taxes widen sectarian differences between the Sunni majority and Shia minority. By not initially accommodating Shia collective demands the state had alienated many of them. The subsequent and...
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...ADMISSION PROSPECTUS 2012 UNIVERSITY OFFICIALS Prof. Dr. Pirzada Qasim Raza Siddiqui Vice Chancellor Prof. Dr. Shahana Urooj Kazmi Pro-Vice Chancellor Prof. Dr. Nasiruddin Khan Pro-Vice Chancellor 99261336 99261300 Ext: 2210 vc@uok.edu.pk 99261396 99261300 Ext: 2531 shahanaurooj@uok.edu.pk 99261340 99261300 Ext: 2532 drnasirkhan@uok.edu.pk DEANS OF FACULTIES Prof. Dr. AbuzarWajidi Faculty of Management & Administrative Sciences Prof. Dr. ZafarIqbal Faculty of Arts Prof. Dr. Darakhshan J. Haleem Dean Faculty of Science Prof. Dr. Ghazala H. Rizwani Faculty of Pharmacy Prof. Dr. HisamuddinMansoori Faculty of Islamic Studies Prof. Dr. S. M. Abbas Faculty of Medicine Prof. Khursheed A. Hashmi Faculty of Law Prof. Dr. Darakhshan J. Haleem – Dean Faculty of Science (Caretaker) Faculty of Engineering Prof. Dr. ZafarIqbal – Dean Faculty of Arts (Caretaker)Faculty of Education University of Karachi Page 3 ADMISSION PROSPECTUS STUDENTS’ STUDENTS’ AFFAIRS o look after students affairs, in general, and to supervise their extra-curricular activities in particular, an office of Advisor Students’ Affairs is situated at the first floor of the Administration block. Teachers and the staff are available for the students’ guidance. 2012 M.Phil./Ph.D theses to students of various departments of the University. LEJ Digital Library is also available at the campus that can be used by all the students to access a large number of books or journals on-line. T Transport: Over...
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...Development: Performance, Challenges, and the Way Forward Khalid Ikram* 1. Introduction Analyses of economic development in Pakistan have traditionally followed a “top-down” approach. They examine the behavior of macroeconomic indicators for the country as a whole, referring only in a general, even cursory, manner to the trajectories of each province, and even more summarily to the policy issues, constraints, and opportunities that confront the different provinces. The implicit attitude—that it is the federation as a whole rather than the federating units that matter—is so firmly embedded in the official mindset that, even after 65 years of Pakistan’s existence, the authorities do not produce official statistics of province-level gross domestic product (GDP), investment, savings, exports, imports, labor productivity, and other key economic indicators. 2. The Importance of a Province-Level Approach Why is a province-level approach important? The issue is not merely of academic interest. It is necessary to strengthen studies at the province level, because policies to address questions of employment, poverty, and perceived deprivation, and to improve the delivery of key services are more effective if the perspective is as close to the ground as possible. The validity of this approach is recognized by the burgeoning number of regional or state studies in India and in other parts of the world—such as China, Malaysia, Vietnam, Thailand, Indonesia, Brazil, Argentina, and Nigeria...
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...Case studies - CSR in Pakistani perspective A selection of companies based on as a sample on various industries of Pakistan. 1. Citizen-Police Liaison Committee ( CPLC) 2. National Refinery Limited 3. Pakistan Petroleum Limited 4. Shell Pakistan 5. Pakistan State Oil (PSO) 6. Pak-Arab Refinery Company Limited 7. Sui Southern Gas Company ( SSGC) 8. Askari Commercial Bank Limited 9. Khadam Ali Shah Bukahari (KASB) Securities 10. The Bank of Punjab 11. First Woman Bank Limited ( FWBL) 12. Dollar East Exchange Company (PVT) Limited 13. Cresent Steel and Allied product Limited ( CSAPL) 14. ICI Pakistan Limited 15. Engro Chemical Pakistan Limited 16. Soccer Ball industry of Pakistan 17. Unilever Pakistan limited 18. National Foods Pakistan Limited 19. Proctor and Gamble Pakistan 20. Geo TV Citizen-Police Liaison Committee (CPLC): CPLC is a joint venture of the private and the public sectors. The few concerned and compassionate citizens, initiated in 1989 to establish the CPLC, which is over the period, become an important component of police system in Karachi. Rooted in the business community and dependent largely on private donations and on the volunteer work of business community. It conduct crime analysis, plays an important role in the investigation of kidnappings, and provides a range of police related services directly to poor and rich alike without any discrimination.[1] So in this way CSR motivate citizen to support police in fighting crime, after...
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...PAK-INDIA RELATIONS Section I: Introduction It is axiomatic that Pakistan and India share a turbulent and complex, if also short, history. While the dynamics of the relationship may shift from time to time, numerous existential issues remain in place. Characterised by mistrust, contrasting interests and the oft-quoted ‘missed opportunities’, the bloodshed of 1947 has been replaced by a more diverse set of issues that continue to mar the relationship. Kashmir has come to exemplify the classic case of a territorial dispute between neighbouring countries in the modern world composed of nation States. Extended hostile periods have only been sporadically separated by periods of relative peace – interludes that many hoped would prolong into perpetuity. But failures of State, internal conflicts, deep-rooted differences and perhaps unavoidable circumstances have meant that these spells of tranquillity remain mere specks of light in an otherwise dark corridor, at best offering missed opportunities. In studying the Pakistan-India ties, it is simplistic but also convenient to divide them into phases with regard to important junctures in South Asian history. None of the occasions that gave rise to optimism could ultimately become the watershed they were built up to be. The most recent such case was in 2004; following a prolonged period of military standoff, there began a ‘peace process’ led by President Musharraf and Prime Minister Vajpayee. This phase was significant since it allowed...
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...University of central Punjab Project title: Unemployment in Pakistan Assigned by: Rizwan Pasha Assigned to: Ali Haider 0043 Abrar Hussain 0057 Waleed Adil 0066 MBA 1-B Definition of 'Unemployment' Unemployment occurs when a person who is actively searching for employment is unable to find work. Unemployment is often used as a measure of the health of the economy. The most frequently cited measure of unemployment is the unemployment rate. This is the number of unemployed persons divided by the number of people in the labor force. Unemployment in Pakistan: It is a universal problem, even the most advanced & prosperous countries of the world like USA, Britain & Japan are confronted with this problem. As a matter of fact, it is impossible to provide jobs to all. Honestly speaking, this problem exists in our country in an alarming degree. It is a fact that one person out of ten is out of work in Pakistan. The problem is serious in our country because we have unemployment among all the sections of our society among the educated & uneducated, among the skilled & unskilled. It is most unfortunate that highly qualified & professional persons like doctors, engineers & teachers are without jobs. It is painful to see them wandering from door to door in search of jobs. Many of them have gone abroad and are serving the people of other countries. It is estimated that more than a million people are entering the...
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...2010 اﻟﻤــﺆﺗﻤـﺮ اﻟـﺪوﻟــﻲ اﻷول ﻟﻠﺘﻨـﻤﻴــﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺳـــﻮرﻳــــﺔ دور اﻟﻤﺠﺘﻤـﻊ اﻷهـﻠــﻲ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺘﻨﻤﻴــﺔ 2010 32-42 آﺎﻧﻮن اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲ/ ﻳﻨﺎﻳﺮ The First Interna onal Development Conference of Syria 2010 Emerging Role of Civil Society in Development 23‐24 January 2010 A Case Study of the AKRSP – Successful Rural Development in Northern Pakistan دراﺳﺔ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ- ﻧﺠﺎح اﻟﺘﻨﻤﻴﺔ اﻟﺮﻳﻔﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺷﻤﺎل اﻟﺒﺎآﺴﺘﺎن Antonia Settle, Sustainable Development Policy Institute, Islamabad, Pakistan أﻧﺘﻮﻧﻴﺎ ﺳﻴﺘﻞ، ﻣﻌﻬﺪ ﺳﻴﺎﺳﺎت اﻟﺘﻨﻤﻴﺔ اﻟﻤﺴﺘﺪاﻣﺔ، إﺳﻼم أﺑﺎد، اﻟﺒﺎآﺴﺘﺎن antonia@sdpi.org This paper may not be distributed or reproduced without permission from the author(s). For references, please cite as follows: “Paper presented at the First International Development Conference of Syria, organised by the Syria Trust for Development, Damascus 23-24 January 2010”. A CASE STUDY OF THE AKRSP – SUCCESSFUL RURAL DEVELOPMENT IN NORTHERN PAKISTAN By Antonia Settle, Sustainable Development Policy Institute, Islamabad, Pakistan. ABSTRACT: There has been a shift in development paradigms reflected in the discourse of international funding bodies, from technocratic aid modalities associated with Washington Consensus models towards a ‘new development paradigm’ that accompanies post-Washington Consensus economic prescriptions. This new development paradigm relies increasingly on NGOs for channeling funds, while granting more space for government regulation and emphasizing participatory approaches. The...
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