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Pantheon

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Pantheon

Indledning:
Bygning fra 120’erne e. Kr.
Opført under kejser Hadrian

Pantheon udefra:
Viser den romerske arkitektur
Sammensat af 2 dele * En høj søjleprydet tempelfront – Portikus, som vender mod Piazza Della Rotonda (Græsk inspireret) * En kæmpecylinder med en kuppel
Kuplens tag - oprindeligt beklædt med forgyldt bronze.
Beton opfundet af romerne – Muliggjorde at bygge kuplen.
Cylinderkroppen – også lavet af beton og beklædt med teglsten.
Tempelfronten – 16 monolitiske(lavet i ét stykke) korinthiske(kapitællet beklædt med akanthusblade, søjlen står på en base) søjler.
Over kapællet – volutter
Under kapællet – astragaler
Over volutter – arkitravet
Over arkitravet – frise med ordene ”Magrippa L F Costertivm Fecit” Betyder: Marcus Agrippa, Lucius’ søn
Over frisen – gesims med tandsnit
Over gesimsen – pediment
Over pediment - sima

Pantheon indefra:
Indgangen til potikus to nicher med statuer af henholdsvis Agrippa og Augustus
Indgangen til selve kuppelbygning To store bronzedøre – Disse er antikke – Oprindeligt forgyldte
Tempelrummet – Består af tre etager
Gulvet – sammensat af marmorplader som enten/eller er: * Kvadratiske * Cirkelrunde
Nederste etage – Består af syv nicher, hvor statuer af planetguderne før har stået
De 7 nicher – Foran hver niche står to korinthiske søjler af mamor 9 meter høje. Nicherne er skiftevis halvrunde og firkantet.
Mellem nicherne – Små opbygninger til statuer Består af en gavltrekant eller en gavlbue, som er båret af søjler af porfyr(sammensætning af finkornet masse og strøkorn)
Midterste etage – tambur Danner overgangen fra den nederste etage til kuplen. Der er lukkede vinduer og rammer til eventuelle billeder i tambur.
Loft – Kassetteloft – 5 koncentriske rækker af 28 kassetter(var engang beklædt med forgyldt bronze)
Hullet i toppen – Oculus Øje – Den enste lyskilde i kuppelbygningen.

Billede:
1. Søjleprydet tempelfront, kaldes Porticus (græsk inspireret)
2. Kæmpecylinder (hvorpå der sidder en kuppel)
3. Kuplen
4. 16 monolitiske søjler, fordi de er i ét stykke og korinthiske, da søjlerne står på en base og fordi kapitellet er beklædt med akantusblade
5. Volut
6. Astragal
7. Arkitrav
8. Frise
9. Gesims
10. Pediment
11. Sima

Billede [ 1 ]:
1. Gulvet er sammensat af kvadratiske og cirkelrunde marmorplader
2. Nederste etage består af syv nicher, hvor statuer af planetguderne før har stået.
3. Foran hver niche står der to korinthiske søjler af marmor, som hver er 9 meter høje.
4. I mellem hver af nicherne er der små opbygninger til statuer, som enten består af en gavltrekant eller en gavlbue og båret af søjler af porfyr
5. Den midterste etage kaldes tambur og er den etage der danner overgangen fra den nederste etage til kuplen.
6. Kassetteloft, hvor der er 5 koncentriske rækker af 28 kassetter
7. Oculus øje

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