Psychological Theory
Criminology is not an old science. It is possible to say that the steps of this creation started long before its official definition as a science. The necessity of this science is especially high nowadays when the level of crime has risen in every corner of the planet. Explaining human behavior has already become a responsibility for many scientists around the world. Criminology has several different factors that especially influenced its development. And one of those factors is the theories. One theory that I was most interested in was the Psychological Theory.
The main idea of the Psychological Theories is that potential criminal behavior is the result of stable psychological trait of a person. These personality characteristics are the ones to push people towards committing crimes and demonstrating deviant behavior. The psychological theories emphasize the meaning of extraversion, neuroticism, psychotism, and many others that conduct of a man. According to the psychological theories the disposition to crime is the result of inadequate socialization. They consider the social factor to be one of the most important ones in terms of inclination to deviance. Among the numerous psychological theories it is important to point out Sigmud Freud's and Erik Erikson's pyschodynamic theories, Skinner's operant conditioning, Albert Bandura's social learning theory and the theory of moral development based on kohbery's and Piagets stages of development. Freud felt the problem of possible personality imbalance based on the functioning Id, Ego and Superego resulting in the repression which can later fall into criminal behavior. Erikson made an emphasis on the child development. He was particularly anxious or concerned about the problem of identity diffusion which resulted in excessively self-conscious people who are overly concerned with sexuality. Erikson