Endocrine Disorders

At the end of this week, the student will be able to:

1. Describe the negative feedback system for hormone control. 2. Differentiate type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus. 3. Identify etiologic risk factors for diabetes mellitus and early manifestations. 4. Compare and contrast hypoglycemia with hyperglycemia. 5. Describe the chronic complications associated with diabetes mellitus. 6. Differentiate diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) and hyperglycemic hyperosmolar non-ketosis (HHNK). 7. Explain the effects of excess and deficit of thyroid hormone.

Learning activities:

1. Read Chapter 31-33 in Porth.

2. Access the power point presentation in course documents. 3. Answer the following study questions: a. Why would a teenager with diabetes mellitus be more likely to have acute complications than an older adult? b. Compare the manifestations of DKA and HHNK. c. Describe two chronic complications of diabetes mellitus and discuss preventive measures for each. d. Identify the effects of hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism in an adult.

Complete the following case analysis:

A 45-year-old female develops Graves’ disease (hyperthyroidism). She is married with two children ages 8 and 10. She works full-time as a grocery store clerk and goes to school part-time two evenings each week. During the past month, her mother died in an automobile accident and her father was diagnosed with prostate cancer. She has noticed that she has lost weight over the past 6 months, has become increasingly nervous, and has an intolerance to heat.

1. What places this woman at risk for developing Graves’ disease? 2. What manifestations would you expect to assess in this client? 3. What laboratory changes would be present if this is a primary thyroid disorder? If a secondary disorder? 4. Why