Individual Paper
Alexander C. Garcia
LAW/ 421
February 24, 2014
Professor Paget Sanders

Individual Paper
According to Melvin (2011), “law is a body of rules of action or conduct prescribed by controlling authority, and having legal binding force” (p. 4). Law or rules between individuals in a business or society have influence on laws such as contract law, tort law and property law. An example of rules that limit the reach of the government and provide rights to an individual are the Bills of Rights and the U.S. and the state constitutions. Both the laws between individuals in a society and the individuals in a business exercise their constitution and Bill of Rights in order to create fairness between the government and rights of the people. Now the rules or laws imposed by government that restrict individuals is criminal law, tax law and traffic law etc. These rules and laws that restrict individuals help to keep some order and power within the government to do what is right universally to create a powerful and stable business or society.
The functions and role of law come from many past centuries of historical morals and justice. These ideas and morals that modern society use today derive from natural law, positivist school, historical school and legal realism. Natural law is a universal law applicable to all human beings, which transcends time and geography. The source of this can be God, religious teaching, morality or a conscience. Aristotle, a Greek philosopher, was most likely the most famous to exercise the natural law theory (Melvin, p. 4, 2011). Aristotle gave deep thought to this theory and that helped him come up with ideas such as the dual character of man, which defines itself as a subject apart of the universe will choose freely to do right or wrong.
Positivist school was an idea that there is no law higher than the laws created by the