...How Does Psychology Apply to Nursing in Parkinsons Amanda Mowery Psychology 101 Ms. Terry June 5, 2013 The Parkinsons Patient The Parkinsons patient, a farely new term in the medical industry, although Parkinsons has been around for awhile, it really did not come to the front of the line in a medical conversation, but it is now a front running disease in the medical world. In this research paper, we were asked to pick a topic that might be influential in our nursing career. The reason why I picked this certain topic is that my father is afflictated with this disease and as a nurse, I would like to provide him with the most knowledge, treatment and possible prevention methods that I can find or learn about. I have done a lot of research on this specific topic and have gain a lot of knowledge in the process. I am familiar with the signs and symptoms of this disease and what researchers thinks might be the initial cause of the disease. First I would like to explain what Parkinsons disease is. Parkinsons disease is a neurodegenerative disease that is progressive in the brain. The neurons that we have in our brains are what sends signals to other body parts to perform a specific function. In Parkinsons patients these functions become delayed or excessive. The neurons that everyone has have small threadlike projections called dendrites that send out electrical signals from the brain. These signals produce movement of the...
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...In society today, there are many serious diseases that plague nations all across the world. Diseases like Glaucoma, Epilepsy, Parkinsons disease, and migraine headaches. What do all of these serious illnesses have in common? Every one of theses sicknesses can be cured or helped by the use of Marijuana. Throughout this paper I will discuss the positive aspects of Marijuana and the negative aspects. This issue has been raising a lot of eyebrows ever since scientific evidence has been provided that links Marijuana to the cure and decrease of certain illnesses. The main reason that Marijuana has been looked down upon by so many people for so long is because many individuals abuse the drug. An obvious setback to legalizing marijuana for medicinal uses is that the number of people that abuse the drug will undoubtedly increase. Glaucoma is the second leading cause of blindness in the world, and there is an estimated 67 million people affected by this disease in the world today (National Academy of Sciences.) Effective treatment for glaucoma involves pharmaceutical agents or surgical procedures that prevent progressive optic nerve damage. For surgery to be an effective way of therapy, a drug or surgical procedure that reduces intraocular pressure (IOP) must do so without causing more damage to the eye. Marijuana can reduce IOP when administrated orally, or by inhalation (Marijuana and Medicine.). Marijuana is a natural way to slow down the progression of glaucoma. Marijuana should be...
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...In the year 1817, a man named James Parkinson diagnosed the disease once known as ‘shaking palsy,’ as Parkinson’s disease. Parkinson’s disease is a central nervous system disorder that affects around 1.5 million people in America alone. James Parkinson was a doctor in London where he wrote a paper about the symptoms of Parkinson. Symptoms for Parkinson’s disease are tremors, rigidity, bradykinesia, and postural instability. Usually these symptoms are caused in result of degeneration of nerve cells in the Mostly older people have a better chance of catching the disease than younger adults. Parkinson’s disease typically begins between the ages of 50 and 65, hitting about 1% of the population in that age group. For many decades there was not...
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...Disorder Paper LaTridia M. Chambers Psych/575 November 15, 2012 Dr. Fred Benner Disorder Paper One of the mostly commonly know neurological disorders within society today is Parkinson’s disease. It is classified as a neurodegenerative disorder (Healthwise, 2010). As of today there isn’t a known cure for Parkinson’s disease. Most patients are diagnosed after age of 60, but symptoms can begin much sooner. The most well-known case of this happening is the case of celebrity Michael J. Fox that was diagnosed at the age of 30 with Parkinson’s disease (MedicineNet, 2004). In order to understand treatment methods, it is essential to understand the history, causes, symptoms and pathology of Parkinson’s disease. The disease received its name from James Parkinson, an English doctor (Jankovic, 2008). Parkinson wrote a paper in 1817 entitled “An Essay on the Shaking Palsy.” In the essay, Parkinson reviewed the cases of 6 of his patients who exhibited symptoms of what is now known as Parkinson’s disease. The disease is complicated to explain. It is caused by a defect in nerve cells in the brain. In normal brains, nerve cells make dopamine. Dopamine in turn is the chemical that tells parts of the brain to send signals that control movement. The disease takes place because there is a deficiency of dopamine because of a defect with the nerve cells that create the chemical (Freed, 2001). Dopamine in a healthy brain travels between two areas of the brain: The Substantia Nigra...
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...Fall is a serious problem in people with Parkinson’s disease (PD) due to the nature of the disease that impairs gait, motor, and cognition (Canning, et al., 2015; Gao, et al., 2014; Mirelman, et al., 2011). Sixty percent of people with PD fall annually and two-third of them fall repeatedly (Canning et al., 2015). Falls may lead to injury, pain, functional decline, fear of falling, and reduction in quality of life (Canning, et al., 2015; Gao, et al., 2014). Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to provide an overview of exercise interventions that could prevent or reduce fall incidence in people with PD. Computerized literature searches were conducted using CINAHL and PubMed. For CINAHL, “fall prevention” AND “Parkinson’s disease” were used...
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...Huntington’s Disease Personal Reference: Down in the Neurology department sat four family members patiently waiting for what seems to be a never-ending check up. As the doctor’s office door peaked open my mother and aunt both walked out with despairing eyes. When I looked up the doctor was handing my mother a best-known neurologist information card. At that moment silence broke out amongst us, as we knew a whole new life experience was on our hands. At age 34 my Aunt Eve was diagnosed with Huntington’s disease. Background/Introduction: Huntington’s disease historical timeline indicates the first made known observation of the disease was by American physician George Huntington in 1872. Examining the symptoms and condition Dr. Huntington wrote a detailed account defining the hidden facts behind the disease. Yet it wasn’t until 1911 when Charles Davenport made major contributions in acknowledging and understanding the sings, symptoms and heritability of HD. The National Library of Medicine defines Huntington’s disease as a genetic degenerative disorder of neurons due to a defect in one part of the DNA. HD is recognized as a hereditary neurological disorder taking a devastating toll slowly diminishing an individual’s ability to speak, walk and reason. Because HD is a programmed genetic disorder its degeneration of nerve cells results in uncontrollable movements, emotional disturbance, and eventually memory loss. Signs: Early onset signs of HD typically trail...
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...and behavior research, Education, and Drug and product testing. With the development of these industries, animal testing becomes a hot topic. On one side, people tries to protect animals since they think all the organisms are equal. On the other side however, scientist and some anthropologists who stand on human’s perspective point out that all the efforts we have paid to try to be nice to animals are just because we are humans and we are the dominant force on this earth. The better position should be --- we as humans should protect animals since they live on the same planet as we do, but the first priority of all the creatures are to survive which is very cruel but very true. Therefore, humans have the right to make their lives better by conducting a certain level of animal testing. Animal testing is essential for human beings to cure their diseases. The record of animal would be traced back to at least 2000 years ago with the first record made in the third century B.C. In Egypt, philosopher and scientist Erisistratus used animals to study body functions. About five centuries later, the roman physician Galen proved that theory by conducting an animal test and finally uncovered the mask of body function (Research Animals, History, n.d). According to the FBR, (Foundation for Biomedical Research), the death rate has been declining since conducting animal research. Throughout the histories, animal testing has helped humans getting over millions and millions of diseases which could...
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...Diseases are sometimes extremely devastating and cruel. Some diseases move very rapidly while others are slow and painful. Treatments are sometimes useful yet other times nothing can stop the silent beasts that lurk in the body. Parkinson’s disease is a slow moving disease that slowly corrupts the brain. Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a chronic motor disorder that causes tremors, rigidity, slowed body movements, unstable posture and abnormal gait. This happens when neurons, nerve cells, in a part or the brain called the substantial nigra gradually die. These cells normally produce dopamine, a chemical that helps relay messages between areas of the brain that control body movement. The death of the cells leads to abnormal low levels of dopamine, and causes difficulty in controlling muscle tension and muscle movement both at rest and during periods of activity. PD as of now affects about 500,000 Americans, with about 50,000 new cases diagnosed each year. It is generally a disease that affects people of late or middle age at about age 60 however about 5 percent of patients have early-onset PD and are younger than 40 years old when symptoms begin. PD is slightly more common in men then women. So far scientists have not determined the reason why some people develop PD and others do not. Some experts blame a process called oxidation. During oxidation unstable molecules that areproduced in the brain as a result of its normal chemical reactions which ultimately damage the brain. Another...
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...Business Research Ethics RES/351 August 12, 2013 Stem Cell and Human Cloning Research and Ethics Questions about ethics in research have increased and unethical issues rise from different fields such as Medicine and Science. When the discussion about stem cell and human cloning researches rise for the meaning, “what is life?” the question is simple, but the answer is still unclear. This paper is an overview of the articles about stem cell and human cloning researches that discuss business research ethics and involves ethical and unethical issues. A stem cell is a type of cell found into the body of all human beings, has the capability to reproduce them, and to produce other types of cells such as brain cells, muscle cells, and others. In the New York Times’ article is very clear that the ongoing battle to make this research valid is relentless. This research can be the potential that holds for the future generation and scientists affirms; “stem cells may be used to replace or repair damaged cells, and have the potential to drastically change the treatment of conditions like cancer, Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s disease and even paralysis.” (Harris, 2012) However, opponents of embryonic stem cell want the research to be restricted or prohibited entire as inhumane because most researches are done by creating embryonic stem cell from fertilized cells. When the approach is human cloning there is no difference, opponents to the research claim that it is immoral and unethical...
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...Huntington's Disease Essay: By Jasmine Mongeon Huntington's disease is an inherited disease characterized by the degeneration of the central nervous system, which ultimately results in abnormal movements and mental deterioration. The genetic abnormality consists of expansion in the trinucleotide repeat CAG in the HD gene on chromosome 4, which codes for the normal protein huntingtin. The HD gene is an autosomal dominant condition which means that only one parent must have the gene in order for a child to inherit HD. Huntington's disease results in abnormal movements and mental deterioration. Each child of an Huntington's disease parent has a 50% chance of getting the Huntington's disease. If the child does not inherit the Huntington's disease...
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...Stem Cell Research Paper Stem Cell Research Paper Human Biology The human body is capable of many miraculous feats. Every hour, every minute, every second, millions of cells are working to maintain homeostasis within the body. This paper is going to focus on one type of cell in particular, the stem cell. The properties of this little cell are amazing. These unique cells self-regenerate through cell division, and in addition to being unspecialized, have the ability to develop into many different specialized cells of the body. Numerous studies have shown the potential of stem cells to cure cancers, as well as slow or reverse the damages of some neurological disorders, yet stem cell researchers have met with both public and legal resistance during their attempts to show the incredible usefulness of these cells. Therefore, the question is, with stem cell research showing the potential to reverse the damage from or slow the progression of neurological disorders, and possible cures for cancer and other diseases and disorders are the possible benefits too much to ignore? The ability to self-regenerate is one the things that makes the stem cell such an appealing area to study. Most cells and organs in the body do not have the ability to self-regenerate, nor self-repair but stem cells can do both. Stem cells themselves are unspecialized, in that they have so special function (Stem Cell Basics, 2009). Part of the beauty of the stem cell is that through cellular...
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...populations in the eastern Canadian Arctic (including Western Hudson Bay) have reported seeing more bears near settlements during the open-water period in recent years. In a fifth ecologically similar population, no changes have yet been reported by Inuit hunters. These observations, interpreted as evidence of increasing population size, have resulted in increases in hunting quotas. However, long-term data on the population size and body condition of polar bears in Western Hudson Bay, as well as population and harvest data from Baffin Bay, make it clear that those two populations at least are more likely to be declining, not increasing. While the ecological details vary in the regions occupied by the five different populations discussed in this paper, analysis of passive-microwave satellite imagery beginning in the late 1970s indicates that the sea ice is breaking up at progressively earlier dates, so that bears must fast for longer periods during the open-water season. Thus, at least part of the explanation for the appearance of more bears near coastal communities and hunting camps is likely that they are searching for alternative food sources in years when their stored body fat depots may be depleted before freeze-up, when they can return to the sea ice to hunt seals again. We hypothesize that, if the climate continues...
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...What is the truth about Tourette’s Syndrome? Jake Walter Herzing University Abstract Though out this paper, we will discuss the truth and myths behind Tourette’s syndrome and insure we have a good understanding of what the disorder really is. We will try to break the Hollywood stereotype of this disorder and who are really the worst hit from Tourette’s syndrome. We will also discuss what the patient’s symptoms will be and what they may go through and classified the types of symptoms known as tics into motor and vocal. Finally, we will discuss what treatment options they may have and what hope someone may have who is suffering from this disorder; furthermore, what organizations are out there to help with the disease. I hope this gives you some more details on Tourette’s syndrome and what a person or their family may go through when suffering from this disorder. I know that researching it and find out all the information I could really open my eyes to what people go through and how challenging life can be. What is Tourette’s syndrome? Tourette's syndrome has the misnomer of being a disease where you use profanity and yell inappropriate words in a public environment. However, it can be much more serious and challenging to deal with that is only a symptom of the disease. The disorder was first documented in 1885 by a French Doctor named Georges Gilles de la Tourette; he would be considering a Neurologist in today standards. The Doctor Georges Gilles de la Tourette Name...
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...Personal Impact Paper University of Phoenix Health and Chronic Disease Management NUR/427 Professor Gina Stephens May 19, 2014 Personal Impact Paper I will be discussing in this paper Parkinson Disease, and the impact it has on the patient as well as the patient’s family. I will be talking about how the patient first found out about the disease and how the disease has impact the patient personal, social, and financial life. Parkinson’s disease is a type of movement disorder, it is a progressive, chronic disease that affect the nervous system. Parkinson’s disease is the second most common neurodegenerative condition in the United States. It is more prevalent in males than in females. Onset of the disease is 50 -60 years of age, onset earlier than that is referred to as early onset of Parkinson’s disease. There is no cure at the moment for Parkinson’s disease but medication can help alleviate symptoms. According the National Parkinson’s Foundation approximately 60,000 Americans are diagnosed with the disease each year. An estimated seven to ten million people are living with this disease worldwide (Oberdorf, Schmidt, & Schmidt, 2010). The patient I will be discussing on this paper is a 43 year old male. I will call him Tom, to protect his privacy. Tom was first diagnosed with Parkinson’s disease when he was 40 years old, his symptoms though started when he was 39 year of age. Tom was a healthy, athletic, strong individual. Tom was married with two kids, when he was diagnosed...
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...Drug Information Paper: Levodopa/Carbidopa: Sinemet Kristin Curcione Daemen College This drug information report will explore in detail the medication Levodopa. Levodopa is the most effective drug for the symptomatic treatment of Parkinson’s disease. Levodopa works when it is absorbed in the blood from the small intestine and travels through blood to the brain where it is converted to dopamine (Parkkinen, O'Sullivan, Kuoppamäki, et al., 2011). It is intended for the purpose of treating chronic neurodegenerative diseases. It is primarily used in neurology practice for patients who are experiencing idiopathic Lewy body degenerative disease of the central nervous system. This paper will also discuss use of Carbidopa as it is used...
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