...1. The Patriot Act (Title II, Sec. 213) allows for the delayed notification of the execution of a search warrant. Under what circumstances can the notification be delayed? With respect to the issuance of any warrant or court order under any other law, to search for seize any property or material that constitutes evidence of a criminal offense in violation of the laws of the United States, any notice required, or that may be required, to be given may be delayed under the following three circumstances. Firstly, if the court finds reasonable cause to believe that providing immediate notification of the execution of the warrant may have an adverse result (definition in section 2705). If the warrant prohibits the seizure of any tangible property, any wire or electronic communication (definition in section 2510). Thirdly, if the warrant provides for the giving of such notice within a reasonable period of its execution, which period may thereafter be extended by the court for a good cause shown? However, the second circumstance has an exception as expressed in chapter...
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...of New York. A seriously stunned country shocked by the level of brutality quickly assembled behind President Bush to pass legislation, known as the USA PATRIOT ACT, to tackle internal and external threats to this nation. Because this new legislation was passed into law with extreme haste, it was controversial immediately. Even though this legislation was passed...
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...Information Technology Act Greg Bennett BIS/220 January 15, 2013 Nikia Johnson Information Technology Act Information technology continues to forge ahead and has done so from day one. Technology, moving forward, and becoming more advanced and sophisticated, adds growing concern over the ethical integrity of that technology. In correlation with those concerns, the United States government implemented various acts to aid control in these concerns and combat unethical behavior. Given the number of implemented acts, this paper focuses on two specific sections: the Fair Credit Reporting Act of 1970, and the U.S. Patriot Act of 2001. The implementation of the Fair Credit Reporting Act of 1970 enabled each American to be on an even plane with credit opportunities. The government executed the U.S. Patriot Act in 2001, in part because of the atrocity of 9/11, to lessen terrorist activities by the use of the Internet and cyberspace. Fair Credit Reporting Act of 1970 The Fair Credit Reporting Act (FCRA) ordained to “protect consumers from the disclosure of inaccurate and arbitrary personal information held by consumer reporting agencies” (Consumer Privacy Guide (2001). The Fair Credit Reporting Act (1970). 2001). At the time when this act was established, American citizens were not viewed equally by credit facilities when attempting to purchase homes or vehicles. This act was a means of governing and guaranteeing equal opportunity and consideration for these...
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...The USA PATRIOT ACT, commonly known as the Patriot Act, is an acronym for Uniting and Strengthening America by Providing Appropriate tools required to Intercept and Obstruct Terrorism Act of 2001. On October 23, 2001, Republican Rep. Jim Sensenbrenner introduced H.R. 3162 incorporating provisions from a previously sponsored House bill and a Senate bill also introduced earlier in the month. The next day on October 24, 2001, the Act passed the House 357 to 66, with Democrats comprising the overwhelming portion of dissent. The following day on October 25, 2001, the Act passed the Senate by 98 to 1, with Russ Feingold the only opposition. This act was signed then into law by former president George W. Bush on October 26, 2011, just six weeks after the September 11th attacks to the World Trade Center and the Pentagon. This act reduced restrictions in law enforcement agencies’ gathering of intelligence with the U.S. The act also expanded the definition of terrorism to include domestic terrorism. The Patriot Act made many changes to U.S. law, such as the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act of 1978 (FISA), the Electronic Communications Privacy Act of 1986 (ECPA), the Money Laundering Control Act of 1986 and Bank Secrecy Act (BSA), as well as the Immigration and Nationality Act. It was strongly opposed by Senator, Russ Feingold; he was the only Senator to vote against the bill. The final Act had a number of sunsets that was supposed to expire on December 15, 2005. On May 26, 2011, President...
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...The USA PATRIOT ACT, commonly known as the Patriot Act, is an acronym for Uniting and Strengthening America by Providing Appropriate tools required to Intercept and Obstruct Terrorism Act of 2001. On October 23, 2001, Republican Rep. Jim Sensenbrenner introduced H.R. 3162 incorporating provisions from a previously sponsored House bill and a Senate bill also introduced earlier in the month. The next day on October 24, 2001, the Act passed the House 357 to 66, with Democrats comprising the overwhelming portion of dissent. The following day on October 25, 2001, the Act passed the Senate by 98 to 1, with Russ Feingold the only opposition. This act was signed then into law by former president George W. Bush on October 26, 2011, just six weeks after the September 11th attacks to the World Trade Center and the Pentagon. This act reduced restrictions in law enforcement agencies’ gathering of intelligence with the U.S. The act also expanded the definition of terrorism to include domestic terrorism. The Patriot Act made many changes to U.S. law, such as the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act of 1978 (FISA), the Electronic Communications Privacy Act of 1986 (ECPA), the Money Laundering Control Act of 1986 and Bank Secrecy Act (BSA), as well as the Immigration and Nationality Act. It was strongly opposed by Senator, Russ Feingold; he was the only Senator to vote against the bill. The final Act had a number of sunsets that was supposed to expire on December 15, 2005. On May 26, 2011, President...
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...THE USA PATRIOT ACT--GOOD OR EVIL? Abstract Terrorism has been around in one form or another since long before September 11th 2001. It is our extreme reaction to the real threat of a terrorist attack began 9/11/2001. Although the odds of dying from a terrorist attack in America are extremely remote, after the attacks of 9/11/2001 and the overwhelming show of concern by American citizens, Congress hastily put together a bill outlining the workings of the U.S. Patriot Act. The United States Patriot Act of 2001 was signed into law by President George W. Bush in 2001. President Barack Obama signed the Patriot Sunsets Extension Act of 2011, which created a 4 year extension of 3 key parts of the Patriot Act. Warrantless searches of business records, roving wiretaps, & conducting surveillance of individuals suspected of terrorist-related activities not linked to any specific organized terrorist groups. The Patriot Act dramatically reduced restrictions on law enforcement agencies' ability to search all records, documents, histories, etc., without the restraints of the normal operations of judicial law which most citizens assume will always protect them. The National and State Governments and their agencies work together to implement the Patriot Act with as minimal an “obvious” intrusion as possible into ours, the American citizens lives. It is obvious the security must be there, but with a minimal amount of perceived disruption to constitutionally given freedoms and rights. US...
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...USA PATRIOT ACT OF 2001 The USA PATRIOT Act of 2001 is a 342-page, sprawling piece of legislation that contains more than 150 sections and amends more than 15 federal laws. The law's full name is the Uniting and Strengthening America by Providing Appropriate Tools Required to Intercept and Obstruct Terrorism Act of 2001, hence the acronym USA PATRIOT Act. It deals primarily with combating terrorism and gives the executive branch of the federal government more tools to fight suspected terrorist activity, but it also aroused the anger of civil libertarians. Critics of the act have charged that the government gained the power to investigate and detain persons with little oversight from the courts. In the aftermath of the September 11, 2001, terrorist attacks, U.S. political leaders sought to address terrorism with new vigor. President George w. Bush and Attorney General John Ashcroft presented Congress with proposed legislation on September 17, 2001, that focused on intelligence gathering, immigration, criminal justice, and money laundering. The administration sought new powers to conduct searches of people suspected of terrorism; to detain and deport persons suspected of terrorist involvement; and to remove statutes of limitations on terrorism. In addition, the administration wanted the justice department to have the power to place wiretaps on the phones and computers of anyone suspected of terrorism. This initial proposal became the framework for the USA PATRIOT Act, which...
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...Information Technology Acts Mayra Gonzalez BIS/220 October 28, 2013 Jadie Giorgis Information Technology Acts While information technology continual to move ahead over the years, ethical concerns turn into an issue. Accordingly, the government executed specific acts to govern these concerns. Even as some of these acts exists, this text centered on two sections specifically: US Patriot Act of 2001, and Fair Credit Reporting Act of 1970. Whereas the Patriot Act was executed to lessen terrorist activities by the use of the internet, the Fair Credit Act was executed to give every American with be on a par with credit opportunities. The Uniting and Strengthening America by Providing Appropriate Tools Required to Intercept and Obstruct Terrorism, also well-known as the Patriot Act of 2001 was enacted in 2001. The Patriot Act was established to “deter and punish terrorist acts in the United States and around the world, to enhance law enforcement investigatory tools, and other purposes” (US). Table 1.1 below provides a synopsis of the sections of the Patriot Act involving financial institutions and their operations. Table 1.1 Sections of the Patriot Act of 2001 Section Purpose | 311 “Special Measures for Jurisdictions, Financial Institutions, or International Transactions of Primary Money Laundering Concern | 312 Special Due Diligence for Correspondent Accounts and Private Banking Accounts | 313 Prohibition on U.S. Correspondent Accounts with Foreign Shell...
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...USA Patriot Act is an acronym for the official title, “Uniting and Strengthening America by Providing Appropriate Tools Required to Intercept and Obstruct Terrorism.” On October 26, 2001 George W. Bush signed the USA Patriot Act, an act passed in response to the September 11th attack of the Pentagon and World Trade Center. USA Patriot Act bears ten sections and/or titles. The purpose of the USA Patriot Act is to deter and punish terrorist acts in the United States and around the world. The act enhanced the law enforcement investigatory tools and resources. “The law was intended, in Bush’s words, to “enhance the penalties that will fall on terrorists or anyone who helps them.” (Staff, 2009) Even though, the act increased intelligence agencies...
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...The Patriot act was created due to a world crisis that happened in September 11, 2001 when terrorist invaded the United States of America and hijacked a couple of planes for the purpose to crash them in important places where they would get as many people as possible. One being the Twin towers or also known as the World Trade Center and also the pentagon which was not achieved due that some heroic civilians in the plane that decided to fight for their lives and the lives of others. Four passenger airliners were hijacked by 19 al-Qaeda terrorists so they could be flown into buildings in suicide attacks. Two of those planes,American Airlines Flight 11 and United Airlines Flight 175, were crashed into the North and South towers, respectively, of the World Trade Center Complex in New York City. Within two hours, both towers collapsed with debris and the resulting fires causing partial or complete collapse of all other buildings in the WTC complex, as well as significant damage to ten other large surrounding structures. A third plane, American Airlines Flight 77, was crashed into the Pentagon leading to a partial collapse in its western side. The fourth plane, United Airlines Flight 93, was targeted at Washington, D.C. but crashed into a field near Shanksville, Pennsylvania, after its passengers tried to overcome the hijackers. In total, almost 3,000 people died in the attacks, including the 227 civilians and 19 hijackers aboard the four planes. It also was the deadliest incident for...
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...be done about computer fraud. In 1984 the Counterfeit Access Device and Computer Fraud and Abuse Act was the first legislation on computer fraud. The act made it a misdemeanor to illegally retrieve financial and credit information by computer. Also, the act made it illegal to cause harm to other computer systems. Around this time, what constitutes computer crime was still an ongoing discussion. As a Federal Act, only half of the states passed similar statues. (History of Computer Crime) The Computer Fraud and Abuse Act can be violated in two ways, either by an outsider trespasses into a computer or by someone on the inside who exceed their given authorization and go beyond their standard expectation. The first person who was charged for violating the Computer Fraud and Abuse Act was Robert T. Morris Jr. He caused harm to many universities and government computers by releasing a worm and was the creator of the first computer virus. He argued that he had only just exceeded his authorized access and not accessed the computers without authorization. To exceed authorization defined by the Computer Fraud and Abuse Act as “to access a computer with authorization and to use such access to obtain or alter information in the computer that the accesser is not entitled so to obtain or alter." The court found Morris guilty of acting without authorization. (Computer Fraud and Abuse Act (CFAA)) As the internet continued to grow became more easily accessed, about $3 - 5 billion was...
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...U.S. Patriot Act Damian Coles AJS/552 June 14, 2012 Drew Christensen U.S. Patriot Act A discussion will be made to consider the advantages, and disadvantages of making the USA Patriot Act otherwise known as the patriot act a mandatory statue. As of now some of the patriot act has expired while other parts have been voted on and extended. To fully grasp why or why not the patriot act should become a permanent statue in American law. In order to fully understand the patriot act the reason for its existence and definition of what it is must be understood. It came into place after the horrific actions of a terrorist group on September 11, 2001. On that day countless amounts of Americans lives would be changed forever. Terrorist apprehended and attempted to crash planes into high value targets all at the same time. They were successful with one of the attacks being thwarted by the inhabitants of the airplane. It was an attack spearheaded by the terrorist organization Al Qaeda. The leader at the time of the attacks was an Osama Bin Laden, and he ordered the attacks. After these attacks on American soil the people and the government wanted affirmative action to be taken. The perpetrators of this heinous crime needed to be apprehended and an attack like this needs to be avoided. So the patriot act was created by congress and signed by former President George W. Bush and made a law on October 26, 2001. The law was unanimously voted into action by the House of Representatives...
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...policy implementation phase, which is where the public policies that are adopted in the previous stage are put into operation. The fifth and final stage is the policy evaluation stage where the policy goes through an evaluation stage (effectiveness, efficiency, adequacy, and equity). The USA Patriot Act is just one of many polices that have been passed by our government that has caused great controversy amongst the people. The USA Patriot Act is an act that was signed on October 26, 2011 by former president George W. Bush (George W. Bush Signs the Patriot Act). USA Patriot is an acronym that stands for Uniting and Strengthening America by Providing Appropriate Tools Required to Intercept and Obstruct Terrorism Act of 2001 (USA Patriot Act). This act came in response to the September 11 terrorist attacks that left America pushing for our government to do that would prevent future terrorist attacks on our nation. The primary author of this bill was Assistant Attorney General Viet Dinh and was introduced to Congress by Republican Representative Jim Sensenbrenner (Grabianowski). The main goal of the Patriot Act is to prevent, deter and eventually punish any terrorist, including domestic, acts not only in the United States but...
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...Extra-Credit: Review of the Video "Fahrenheit 911 Full Movie" 1. In the Supreme Court case of “Gore v. Bush,” Bush was declared the President of the United States. Explain what really happened during the election. The Gore v. Bush election in 2000 hinged on the state of Florida, the election was covered in lead by Fox News, ABC, CBS, NBC and CNN all followed Fox’s lead in the announcement of President. The call was made by John Ellis, a freelance political advisor contracted by Fox News to head their election night “decision desk.” Ellis is also first cousin to George W. Bush and Florida governor. By calling the election for his first cousin, Ellis’ involvement was scrutinized for being instrumental in turning Bush’s loss in the popular vote. Furthermore, the Florida election was held under the supervision of Florida Secretary of state, Katherine Harris, a co-chair of the Bush campaign. This and Ellis’ position at Fox presented an interesting campaign issue: fraud. Ellis announced Bush as the winner of Florida; however, the margin of victory triggered a mandatory recount, the litigation ultimately reached the United States Supreme Court. The Courts decision ended the recounts. On the day of the joint session both the house of representatives and the senate was to certify the election results, Al Gore in his dual role as Vice President and President of the Senate presided over the event that would officially anointed George W. Bush as the new President. If any...
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...rights. A discussion will be made to consider the advantages, and disadvantages of making the USA Patriot Act mandatory statue. As of now some of the patriot act has is under revision while other parts have been voted on and extended. To fully grasp why or why not the patriot act should become a permanent statue in American law. In order to fully understand the patriot act we must know the reason for its existence and the definition of what it is must be understood, to know that it is wrong and goes against our fourth amendment rights. Americans should be aware so that we can call out to congress to repeal the Patriot act. On October 26, 2001 an act of congress was signed into law by President George W. Bush known as the Patriot Act. It gives permission to law enforcement officers to search a home or business without the owner's compliance or knowledge. The extended usage of national security letters that allow the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) to search and monitor telephone and e-mail communication and financial records without a court order; and the expanded access of law enforcement agencies to business records, including library and financial records (History.com). According to the Department of justice, the Patriot Act is set in place to use surveillance already used in everyday life to track terrorists and criminals such as drug traffickers and the mafia. The Act got rid of legal barriers that hindered the law enforcement, intelligence, and national defense...
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