...cha06369_tn05.qxd 3/4/03 11:05 AM Page 186 technical note five F A C I L I T Y L AYO U T 187 Basic Production Layout Formats Process layout defined Product layout defined Group technology (cellular) layout defined Fixed-position layout defined 188 Process Layout Computerized layout techniques—CRAFT Systematic layout planning CRAFT defined Systematic layout planning (SLP) defined 193 Product Layout Assembly lines Assembly-line balancing Splitting tasks Flexible and U-shaped line layouts Mixed-model line balancing Current thoughts on assembly lines Workstation cycle time defined Assembly-line balancing defined Precedence relationship defined 200 Group Technology (Cellular) Layout Developing a GT layout Virtual GT cells 202 203 Fixed-Position Layout Retail Service Layout Servicescapes Ambient conditions Spatial layout and functionality Signs, symbols, and artifacts 206 207 215 216 Office Layout Conclusion Case: Soteriou’s Souvlaki Case: State Automobile License Renewals technical note TECHNICAL NOTE FIVE cha06369_tn05.qxd 3/4/03 11:05 AM Page 187 FACILITY LAYOUT technical note 187 PLANET EARTH ORBITING THE ASSEMBLY LINE IN A GLOBE FACTORY. THE GLOBES ARE MOVING THROUGH THE FACTORY USING A TRANSPORT SYSTEM SUSPENDED FROM THE CEILING OF THE FACTORY. Layout decisions entail determining the placement of departments, work groups within the departments, workstations, machines, and stock-holding points...
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...Mid-term Questions Chapter 1-4 Chapter 1: 1. What are the responsibilities of the DBA and the database designers? 2. What four main types of actions involve databases? Briefly discuss each. 3. Discuss the main characteristics of the database approach and how it differs from traditional file systems. 4. What are the responsibilities of the DBA and the database designers? 5. Specify all the relationships among the records of the database shown in Figure 1.2. 6. Give some additional views that may be needed by other user groups for the database shown in Figure 1.2. 7. Identify some informal queries and update operations that you would expect to apply to the database shown in Figure 1.2. Chapter 2: 8. What is the difference between procedural and nonprocedural DMLs? 9. What is the difference between a database schema and a database state? 10. If you were designing a Web-based system to make airline reservations and to sell airline tickets, which DBMS Architecture would you choose from Section 2.5? Why? Why would the other architectures not be a good choice? 11. What is the difference between procedural and nonprocedural DMLs? 12. Discuss the different types of user-friendly interfaces and the types of users who typically use each. 13. Consider Figure 2.1. In addition to constraints relating the values of columns in one table to columns in another table, there are also constraints that impose restrictions on values in a column or a combination of columns within a table. One such...
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...-2- BRI-1004 the brutal suppression of demonstrators in China in June 1989. The same search on Google.cn provided a much smaller list and included pictures of a smiling couple in the square.2 The decision to develop Google.cn was complicated. In the words of Elliot Schrage, Google’s vice president of Global Communications and Public Affairs: [Google, Inc., faced a choice to] compromise our mission by failing to serve our users in China or compromise our mission by entering China and complying with Chinese laws that require us to censor search results.… Based on what we know today and what we see in China, we believe our decision to launch the Google.cn service in addition to our Google.com service is a reasonable one, better for Chinese users and better for Google.… Self-censorship, like that which we are now required to perform in China, is something that conflicts deeply with our core principles.… This was not something we did enthusiastically or something that we’re proud of at all.3 MacLean knew that he was perfectly prepared for his current position as director of International Business. After earning a computer-science degree, MacLean had traveled extensively, implementing information systems with an IT consulting firm. He was well-versed in the technical and cultural components of this current project. It was his first job after earning an MBA. He had worked very hard as a summer intern to get his foot in the door at Google, Inc., and landed a job offer in his second...
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...WORK-LIFE BALANCE DOING IT RIGHT AND AVOIDING THE PITFALLS Jim Bird This is a preprint of an article accepted for publication in Employment Relations Today, Autumn 2006, vol. 33, no. 3. Copyright 2006, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. The demand for work-life-balance solutions by employees and managers is expanding at an unprecedented rate. As a result, work-life balance is an increasingly hot topic in boardrooms and government halls today. Over the coming decade it will be one of the most important issues that executives and human resource professionals will be expected to manage. This article provides the methods for you to accelerate the implementation of a very successful work-life strategy within your organization. First we cover why work-life is critical to the key objectives of your organization and its executive team. A brief history of work-life efforts follows so you can learn from the trial and error of others and avoid their mistakes. Finally, we describe the two parts of a successful work-life strategy and how you can most quickly and effectively implement them. Let’s start with the senior executive concerns and opportunities that work-life affects. Growth and profit impact. Accelerated on and off-the-job stresses and expectations are adversely affecting top and bottom-line growth, unnecessarily driving down productivity. A well-implemented work-life strategy greatly reduces both the real and perceived overwork and out-of-balance pressures that hamper productivity, producing...
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...Strategy Development at New Town Council Andy Bailey and Julie Verity The two cases New Town Council and Castle Press, illustrate the process of strategy development within different organisational contexts. Both cases are based on the views of the strategy development process as seen by members of the respective top management teams. The New Town case describes how four members of the top management team view their strategy process. Both cases a reconstructed around two general themes. The process of strategy development and the organisational context in which it takes place. The two cases illustrate differences in the strategy development process, demonstrating that the process of managing strategy development in one organisation may not be the same as, or necessarily appropriate to, and managing strategy development in another organisation. I'm not really comfortable with the way we develop strategy here, but I'm not sure I know how to manage the process to make it more coherent either. CHIEFEXECUTIVE, NEW TOWN COUNCIL, 1995 New Town Council formed one part of a two-tier system of local government responsible for the provision of services within a geographical area of the UK; the other part was the county council. Both authorities operated under Acts of Parliament, with specific duties laid down by these Acts and with central government controlling many of the activities of local authorities. The county council had responsibility for school education, fire and police...
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...Group Nguyen Hoang Hai Tran Thien Nghia Tran Trung Hieu Dang The Vinh Kim 1. In this case, consumer-consumer rivalry is the appropriate answer for the question. Since Levi Strauss & Co. is a buyer competing against other buyer (known at other bidders) to obtain the jean. 2. The maximum amount must be paid for this asset is the present value: PV = 150,000(1+0.09) + … + 150,000(1+0.09)5 = $583,447.69 3. A. The equation for net benefit: N(Q) = B(Q) – C(Q) = 50 + 20Q – 5Q^2 B. When Q = 1, N(1) = 65 When Q = 5, N(5) = 25 C. The equation for the marginal net benefits: MNB(Q) = MB(Q) – MC(Q) = 20 – 10Q D. When Q = 1, MNB(1) = 10 When Q = 5, MNB(5) = -30 E. Setting MNB(Q) = 0, we have Q = 2 is the appropriate answer for this question. F. When Q = 2, MNB(2) = 0 4. A. The value of the firm before it pays out current dividend is: PVfirm = 550,000*(1 + 0.08)(0.08-0.05) = $19.8 million B. The value of the firm after it pays out current dividend is: PVfirm = 550,000*(1 + 0.05)(0.08-0.05) = $19.25 million 5. The present value of a preferred stock is: PVstock = 750.04 = $1.875 6. Table: Q | B(Q) | C(Q) | N(Q) | MB(Q) | MC(Q) | MNB(Q) | 100 | 1200 | 950 | 250 | 210 | 40 | 170 | 101 | 1400 | 1000 | 400 | 200 | 50 | 150 | 102 | 1590 | 1060 | 530 | 190 | 60 | 130 | 103 | 1770 | 1130 | 640 | 180 | 70 | 110 | 104 | 1940 | 1210 | 730 | 170 | 80 | 90 | 105 | 2100 | 1300 | 800 | 160...
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...Mathematics Classes 9-10 Chapter One Real Number Mathematics is originated from the process of expressing quantities in symbols or numbers. The history of numbers is as ancient as the history of human civilization. Greek Philosopher Aristotle According to the formal inauguration of mathematics occurs in the practice of mathematics by the sect of priest in ancient Egypt. So, the number based mathematics is the creation of about two thousand years before the birth of Christ. After that, moving from many nations and civilization, numbers and principles of numbers have gained an universal form at present. The mathematicians in India first introduce zero (0) and 10 based place value system for counting natural numbers, which is considered a milestone in describing numbers. Chinese and Indian mathematicians extended the idea zero, real numbers, negative number, integer and fractional numbers which the Arabian mathematicians accepted in the middle age. But the credit of expressing number through decimal fraction is awarded to the Muslim Mathematicians. Again they introduce first the irrational numbers in square root form as a solution of the quadratic equation in algebra in the 11th century. According to the historians, very near to 50 BC the Greek Philosophers also felt the necessity of irrational number for drawing geometric figures, especially for the square root of 2. In the 19th century European Mathematicians gave the real numbers a complete shape...
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...S Qua quy trình tuyển dụng tại Cty SDC, chúng ta có thể thấy những ưu và nhược điểm sau đây Ưu điểm: 1. Quy trình tuyển dụng khá đầy đủ các bước và có phân rõ từng bộ phận chịu trách nhiệm về nhiệm vụ của mình, vì vậy quá trình tuyển dụng diễn ra nhanh chóng, không làm mất thời gian 1. Các kế hoạch, thông báo tuyển dụng đều có biểu mẫu sẵn giúp nhà tuyển dụng và ứng viên dễ dàng áp dụng và năm rõ thông tin cần thiết 2. Thông báo tuyển dụng đa dạng giúp thu hút nhiều ứng viên vào cty 3. Hình thức tuyển dụng của cty là phỏng vấn trực tiếp, làm bài thi thực tế do cty đưa ra. Qua đó ta có thể thấy doanh nghiệp áp dụng quy trình tuyển dụng 1 cách khách quan và mang tính khoa học 4. Hướng dẫn nhân sự mới tìm hiểu về nội quy, chính sách...giúp nhân sự đó thích nghi với môi trường mới 5. Kết quả thử việc được đánh giá và xem xét qua nhiều bộ phận giúp nhà cty đảm bảo được nhân sự mới có năng lực giúp ích cho 6. Ký hợp đồng lao động chính thức đảm bảo lợi ích cho đôi bên Khuyến điểm: 7. Quy trình tuyển dụng cứng nhắc, không linh hoạt, không áp dụng phù hợp với từng thành viên 8. Hội đồng tuyển dụng không qua lớp đào tạo, chỉ dựa vào kinh nghiệm và đánh giá chủ quan của mình để đưa ra quyết định 9. Còn tồn tại tính thiên vị cho người quen, bỏ qua các bước phỏng vấn. Cho vào làm việc ngay 10. Không có khóa đào tạo về chuyên làm cho nhân sự mới chưa thích nghi với công việc ngay 11. Mỗi phòng ban đảm nhận giai đoạn tuyển dụng riêng...
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...An Internship Report Name of Organization: Submitted By: Javed Hussain MC062000032 S u b m i t t e d To : Instructor PRO619 Virtual University of Pakistan Dedication I dedicated this Internship Report to My family members and Virtual University of Pakistan 2 Acknowledgement All praise to Allah, the most merciful, kind and beneficent, and the source of all knowledge, wisdom within and beyond my comprehension. He is the only God, who can help us in every field of life. All respect and possible tributes goes to my Holy Prophet Mohammad (SAW), who is forever guidance and knowledge for all human beings on this earth. Heart full thanks for Mr. Muhammad Imran Wahid Principal IPS- Intellectual Prestige Computer Science College Mailsi (PMLS01), for special arrangement of equipments in computer lab and providing informative books in library. Without his co-operation it was not possible for us to complete my MBA Program. I am very grateful to my Project supervisor at Virtual University of Pakistan. He guided and helped me through timely suggestions, valuable advices and specially the sympathetic attitude, which always inspired me for hard work. I am proud to say that I am very grateful to my family whose kind prayers and cooperation helped us at every step of my work. Special thanks go to my parents for their cooperation for the sake of my knowledge. I am really very thankful to Ch. Ikram Ullah Operational Manager National Bank Main Branch Mailsi for her...
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...Principles of Islamic economic system: a) Sole purpose is to obey and please Allah b) The wealth and asset in all their forms given under trust by Allah c) Moral values and guiding factors for all economic activities d) Maximum equitable utilization of human and material resources given by Allah e) Human dignity and respect of labor f) Maximum freedom for economic activity within a just framework g) Equitable distribution of wealth and income and disciplined private ownership h) Simplicity economy and austerity in expenditure i) Adal and Ihsan (justice and kindness) j) Strict prohibition of Riba, interest and usury in all forms. Some of the principles of the Islamic economic system, as laid down by the Qur’an and the Sunnah, are discussed as follows: 1. Allah determines Right and Wrong: We have already discussed in the first chapter that Islamic economic system makes distinction between what is permitted being lawful (Halal) and what is forbidden being unlawful (Haram). To determine what is permitted or lawful (Halal) and what is forbidden or unlawful (haram) is the soul prerogative of God. None but God is empowered to pronounce what is right and what is wrong. Allah has made demarcation between lawful and unlawful in the economic sphere and has allowed man to enjoy those food items and other articles of use which are lawful and avoid those things which are unlawful. The Qur’an says: “O ye who believe ! Forbid not the good things which Allah hath made lawful for...
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...The Effect of E-recruitment On the Recruitment Process: Evidence from Case Studies of Three Danish MNCs Anna B. Holm, Aarhus University, Denmark annah@asb.dk Abstract. The aim of this research is to determine whether the introduction of e-recruitment has an impact on the process and underlying tasks, subtasks and activities of recruitment. Three large organizations with wellestablished e-recruitment practices were included in the study. The case studies were conducted in Denmark in 2008-2009 using qualitative research methods. The findings indicate that e-recruitment had a noticeable effect on the overall recruitment process in the studied organizations. The investigation revealed changes in the sequence, divisibility and repetitiveness of a number of tasks and subtasks. The new process design supported by information and communications technologies was identified and is presented in the paper. This process allowed recruiters in the study to perform recruitment tasks more efficiently. However, practitioners should be aware of the increasing demands of the quality of online communication with applicants, and with it the electronic communication skills of recruitment professionals. Keywords: recruitment, e-recruitment, web-based recruitment, online recruitment, staffing, e-HRM 1 Introduction The first decade of the twenty-first century saw rapid growth in the use of online recruitment [25] and the transformation of electronic recruitment into one of...
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...MODEL CONTRACTS FOR SMALL FIRMS LEGAL GUIDANCE FOR DOING INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS © International Trade Centre, August 2010 Model Contracts for Small Firms: International Commercial Sale of Goods Contents Foreword Acknowledgements Introduction Chapter 1 International Contractual Alliance Introduction ITC Model Contract for an International Contractual Alliance Chapter 2 International Corporate Joint Venture Introduction ITC Model Contract for an International Corporate Joint Venture Chapter 3 International Commercial Sale of Goods Introduction ITC Model Contract for the International Commercial Sale of Goods (short version) ITC Model Contract for the International Commercial Sale of Goods (standard version) Chapter 4 International Long-Term Supply of Goods Introduction ITC Model Contract for the International Long-Term Supply of Goods Chapter 5 International Contract Manufacture Agreement Introduction ITC Model International Contract Manufacture Agreement Chapter 6 International Distribution of Goods Introduction ITC Model Contract for the International Distribution of Goods ii © International Trade Centre, August 2010 Model Contracts for Small Firms: International Commercial Sale of Goods Chapter 7 International Commercial Agency Introduction ITC Model Contract for an International Commercial Agency Chapter 8 International Supply of Services Introduction ITC Model Contract for the International Supply...
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...Notes on Probability Peter J. Cameron ii Preface Here are the course lecture notes for the course MAS108, Probability I, at Queen Mary, University of London, taken by most Mathematics students and some others in the first semester. The description of the course is as follows: This course introduces the basic notions of probability theory and develops them to the stage where one can begin to use probabilistic ideas in statistical inference and modelling, and the study of stochastic processes. Probability axioms. Conditional probability and independence. Discrete random variables and their distributions. Continuous distributions. Joint distributions. Independence. Expectations. Mean, variance, covariance, correlation. Limiting distributions. The syllabus is as follows: 1. Basic notions of probability. Sample spaces, events, relative frequency, probability axioms. 2. Finite sample spaces. Methods of enumeration. Combinatorial probability. 3. Conditional probability. Theorem of total probability. Bayes theorem. 4. Independence of two events. Mutual independence of n events. Sampling with and without replacement. 5. Random variables. Univariate distributions - discrete, continuous, mixed. Standard distributions - hypergeometric, binomial, geometric, Poisson, uniform, normal, exponential. Probability mass function, density function, distribution function. Probabilities of events in terms of random variables. 6. Transformations of a single random variable. Mean, variance, median,...
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...CS 331 – Introduction to Artificial Intelligence Assignment 2 Solution 1. A new operator ⊕, or exclusive-or, may be defined by the following truth table: P T T F F P⊕Q F T T F Q T F T F Create a propositional calculus expression using only ^, v, and ~ that is equivalent to P ⊕ Q. Prove their equivalence using truth tables. One possible correct answer is: P ⊕ Q ≡ (P v Q) ^ ~(P ^ Q) Proof using truth tables: P T T F F Q T F T F (P v Q) T T T F (P ^ Q) T F F F ~(P ^ Q) F T T T (P v Q) ^ ~(P ^ Q) F T T F P⊕Q F T T F 2. The logical operator “ ” is read “if and only if.” P Q is defined as being equivalent to (P Q) ^ (Q P). Based on this definition, show that P Q is logically equivalent to (P v Q) (P ^ Q) using truth tables. Truth Table for (P P T T F F Q) ^ (Q Q T F T F Truth Table for (P v Q) P T T F F Q T F T F P) P -> Q T F T T Q -> P T T F T (P Q) ^ (Q P^Q T F F F (P v Q) P) T F F T (P ^ Q) PvQ T T T F (P ^ Q) T F F T Hence shown that both expressions are logically equivalent. 3. Assuming this is a game in which animals attack each other, try to represent the following situation completely using first-order logic: You have to represent the following facts: a. The location (air/ground) of the animals b. The abilities of the animals (e.g. flying) c. The relative speed of the animals (slow/fast) d. Line-of-sight status (animal A is visible to animal B) Answers can be moderately different from the following suggested answer: is_at_location(turtle, ground)...
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...Nt1110 Lab 10 Research Project E-Commerce Security E-Commerce (Electronic commerce or EC) is the buying and selling of goods and services ort he the transmitting of funds or data, over an electronic network , primarily the internet. These business transactions occur either business to business ,business to consumer ,consumer to consumer or consumer to business. The terms e-commerce and e-business are often used interchangeably. The term e- tail is also sometimes used in reference to transactional processes around online retail. E-commerce is conducted using a variety of applications, such as email, fax, online catalogs and shopping carts , Electronic Data Interchange (EDI),File Transfer Protocol, and Web services. Security is an essential part of any transaction that take place over the internet .Customer will loose his/her faith in E-commerce if its security is compromised. Following are the essentials requirements for safe e-payments/transactions. Confidential-Information should not be accessible to unauthorized person. It should not be intercepted during transmission. Integrity-Information should not be altered during its transmission over the network. Availability-Information should be available wherever and whenever requirement within time limit specified. Authenticity-There should be mechanism to authenticate user before giving him/her access to require information. Non-Repudiability-It is protection against denial of order denial of payment. Once a sender...
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