...Katoné Inc. Katoné Inc. Credit Policy Credit Policy By: Tania Newingham Amy Torres Ammel Kali Toonen Welcome Page Welcome to Katoné, Inc. Our mission here is to provide the highest level of quality in our product and services in a friendly and professional manor; Encouraging the use of more energy efficient appliances and electronics. We pride ourselves in great long-standing relationships with our customers and employees. “The policy and procedures have been designed to assist the credit department in the performance of their duties. The main objective is to ensure thorough loan appraisal and proper monitoring of all outstanding loans. This includes; both supervision of outstanding loans, as well as recovery of overdue loans.” (…..) TABLE OF CONTENTS List of Acronyms 1 1.0 Formal Organization of Department (See Exhibit 1) 2 2.0 General Principles and Guidelines 2 3.1 Code of conduct 2 3.0 Credit Department Budget Guidelines 3 4.2 Credit Department Goals 3 4.0 Credit Documentation Required for ALL Credit Files (See Exhibit 2) 4 5.3 Method of Gathering Credit Information 4 5.0 Established Credit Lines 4 6.4 Procedures for Establishing New Credit Lines 4 6.5 Procedures for Accepted Credit 5 6.6 Procedures for Denied Credit 5 6.0 Time Limits for Credit Decisions 5 7.0 Establishment of “Term of Sales” 5 8.0 Procedures for Communicating the Decision...
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...A personal bias I possess is against people that use illegal drugs that includes heroin, cocaine, amphetamines and methamphetamines and club drugs. I am often blinded by how I stereotype this people of being poor, uneducated, and filthy. Some illegal drug users can be just the opposite: middle class to the wealthy, educated, and clean. I believe doing illegal drugs are wrong and that no good can come from them but that does not interfere with the care I give a patient. As is the case in other professions, personal bias is a common occurrence in nursing. Recently, I worked with a friend who displayed personal bias when dealing with pregnant women. In some cases, these women came seeking advice on abortion, but my colleague had difficulty...
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...beliefs. Prejudice is born from personal experience and from generalizations and beliefs about a particular group of people. In the movie Crash, the director does an incredible job illustrating prejudice in today’s world by showing examples in our everyday society, how our personal lives can often influence how we interact, and how sometimes our preconceived ideas can be shattered by chance encounters. Society is full of prejudice, people are judged on the basis of their race, class, sex, or religion. The movie Crash depicts the various aspects of prejudice by showing the causes and effects it has on different people and how they interact with each other. For example, in the beginning of the movie a wealthy white couple, Rick and Jean, is walking down the street and Jean moves closer to her husband when she sees two black men, Anthony and Peter, walking towards them. They notice the woman’s reaction, then they rob the couple at gunpoint and steal their car. Then, after Rick and Jean get home they have their locks changed, Jean gets really upset when she sees the locksmith is Hispanic and wants to have the locks changed again because she thought the Hispanic man was going to sell the keys to his friends. Personal bias can often influence our everyday social interactions and how we treat others. When someone unfairly favors a person, a group of people, or a point of view over another is called bias. Quite often, people base their decisions on personal bias and it results in a very...
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...Bias comes in many forms, including race, age, gender, and ethnicity and can be universal or location specific (Fiske, 2010). Biased individuals believe the biases they are applying to others are right without regard for the truth (Fiske). Prejudice, stereotyping, and discrimination are all somewhat similar; however, they are also very different. Each form of bias is performed by one individual or group of individuals judging another individual or group of individuals prior to obtaining factual knowledge of the individual or group (Fiske). However, each form of bias is performed with a different focus. An individual behaves in a prejudicial manner when he or she has an emotional reaction to another individual or group of individuals based on preconceived ideas about the individual or group (Fiske, 2010). For example, a White individual refusing to drink from the same water fountain as a Black individual based solely on racial bias represents prejudice by the White individual. The White individual has no factual information to support not drinking from the same water fountain; however, he or she has a preconceived idea of the Black individual and therefore refuses to use the same drinking fountain. According to Fiske (2010), stereotyping is the application of an individual’s own thoughts, beliefs, and expectations onto other individuals without first obtaining factual knowledge about the individual(s). Many times, stereotypes are created after multiple occurrences of a similar...
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...How Bias Influences Critical Thinking Write a 250- to 350-word original response to the following prompt: Critical thinking and personal bias together can make a decision incredibly irritating and exhausting. The biggest problem with making a decision sometimes is when your head and your heart cant meet at one place. Critical thinking can sometimes be this rigid entity that leaves no room for failure while personal bias is following with emotions. The text points one of several fundamentals behind critical thinking and that is to, “distinguishing between rational claims and emotional ones”. However, bias can always influence critical thinking. I believe that it’s with the person who is making the decision to calm down and step back from what they are going threw. So, they can make an unbiased decision. That is much harder than it looks, recently I had surgery and because of it I had to leave my deployable squadron to go to a non-deployable shore station. Now here is where the decision comes in, when I am healed up and I am fit for full duty I have two choices. The first is to return to my former duty station and the second is to pick orders to a non-deployable unit. This is where the bias and critical thinking come in. My personal bias is to choose new orders; However, I would not know if I would have to move my family or if I would even like the new place I would be going to. The second is to return to my deployable unit. Thinking critically this is the right decision for...
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...traditional methods can create biases that may unduly influence manager decisions about consumer behavior. For example, a type of bias that can result from the use of technology is sampling bias. “A common cause of sampling bias lies in the design of the study or in the data collection procedure, both of which may favor or disfavor collecting data from certain classes or individuals or in certain conditions. Sampling bias is also particularly prominent whenever researchers adopt sampling strategies based on judgment or convenience, in which the criterion used to select samples is somehow related to the variables of interest” (Panzeri, Magri, and Carraro, 2008). A second type of bias that may result from the use of technology is response bias. “In survey sampling, response bias refers to the bias that results from problems in the measurement process. This bias may result from leading questions, in which the wording of the question may be loaded in some way to unduly favor one response over another, or social desirability, because most people like to present themselves in a favorable light, so they will be reluctant to admit to unsavory attitudes or illegal activities in a survey” (Statistics and Probability Dictionary, 2014). The use of technology in data collection is evident in TV advertising and credit card purchases and could be subject to bias. “Given the hundreds of companies tracking consumers’ online behavior, information, such as...
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...The Bias Challenge Anyone who is interested attaining a better personal understanding about their personal bias should take part in a bias challenge. These challenges can be attempted if you are curious to see if you have any bias or to take a closer look at your bias and see how they could be based on your personal inherent beliefs that are influenced by your culture. No matter which culture you are associated with, there is a hierarchy scale when it comes to ethnicity. Within that hierarchy scale, it can be observed that certain groups have privilege but those same privileged groups do not have that same internal perceptual view of themselves. For example, Caucasians are view as being high on the hierarchy scale while Latino Americans are low on that same scale. Unfortunately, Caucasians do not perceived themselves to be any more privileged than the next person. Could the reason be due to never experiencing the same transgressions that lower ethnic groups on the hierarchy scale have been subjected too? In order to answer that, I had to ask that question to myself. Surprisingly the answer did not immediately come to mind. One would think that if you ask yourself if you have any bias towards other ethnic groups, you would immediately answer a resounding “NO!”. While I did not think that I did, I could never be sure because I had never experience any sort of bias growing up. As a Canadian, I was surrounded by a society that was considered to be that of a collectivism...
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...Optimism Bias Optimism bias is a bias that causes a person to believe, that they are less of risk facing a negative event compares to others. Optimism bias also make a person believe, that they are at less risk than others to be a crime victim. Optimism bias leads us to the point where we put ourselves ate more risk, because of not taking precautionary measures for safety. According to Tale Sharot a cognitive Neuroscientist article “are we born to be optimistic, rather than realistic?’ I am agree with her statement, because we are responsible of actions. There is always someone who is ahead of us in any aspect of life. We have no right to underestimate others, because in reality we all have same risk to face any negative event in our life. I smoke cigarettes, I cannot say that I have less risk of cancer than others. “People expect to complete personal project in less time than it actually takes to complete them” (Buehler, Griffin& Ross) (1994). That is another great statement about optimism bias. In fact sometime we overconfident ourselves, by not accepting the fact. These days college semester is almost coming to an end. For example if I need to finish my class project, and I am thinking I will be able to finish it fast. Guess what when I get to the computer lab, and computer lab is full with students. Due to heavy students load in the computer lab, computers are running very slow. Now, I am spending more time for my class project, because of being...
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...Racial Bias in Therapy: How to ethically treat all cultures Heather Worthey Liberty University Abstract Despite how technologically advanced the United States is, the United States has a long way to go when it comes to bias. Racial bias is alive and thriving today. One's skin color does not make them less or more of a person, but some still hold onto the hatred they have for others. Some racial bias is conscious in the words and language used. Racial bias can be placed on others unintentionally by our thoughts and actions. As counselors, we have to be able to keep our bias in check. Having bias in therapy can be detrimental to our clients and to us professionally. When we let our biases cloud our judgment, we may look negatively on others when she should be trying to help them instead. Letting our biases be part of therapy can also set us up for ethical violations which could endanger our licensure. It is important that helping professionals take the time to educate themselves on racial bias and make the efforts to not let bias effect their clients and the therapy sessions. As counselors, one will interact with many different people from many different cultural and ethnic backgrounds. Counseling is no exception to the cycles of racism, despite the education and intentions of therapists who would like to think they would never deliberately act in a racist manner toward any of their clients. Unfortunately, even when a therapist has received multicultural training, racism...
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...An Analysis of Negotiation Processes February 10, 2011 Introduction Kelly is a Canadian who holds a college degree and has spent some time in Japan as a child. She was excited to learn of an opportunity to work in this country for one year. The position of interest requires working closely with Japanese educators who are teaching English. The program provides a contract that provides specifics on salary, working hours, and benefits, to include sick days and personal holidays. Cathy travels to Japan after being accepted and discovers that she will be working with Mark, also from Canada, Andrea, and American, and Suzanne, from Great Britain. However, she is made aware of cultural differences very quickly because the Japanese people voluntarily work long hours without pay, to include working on weekends. Moreover, Mr. Higashi, the head coordinator of the program frequently insists that Kelly and her co-workers take part of Japanese cultural events and they are resentful because they feel that Mr. Higashi is trying to make them conform. In addition to the cultural conflicts, Kelly and her peers are also disliked by the Japanese workers because they believe that everyone should show dedication to their jobs by working long hours without pay. Needless to say, the foreigners do not agree and are committed to honoring what’s contained in their contracts only. Things begin to go awry when Kelly calls out sick while experiencing flu-like symptoms. Mr. Higashi responds...
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...COM10003 Learning and Communicating Online Assessment 3: Reflective essay This essay will discuss how my use of online information has grown from being merely a consumer, to now being able to critically evaluate online sources for credibility and suitability for use in academic work. My role in producing an online informational resource has been enhanced by both the readings, and the experience gained in the collaborative process involved in working as a team. This is my first experience at online collaboration and I will examine the challenges encountered using this medium of communication, how I dealt with them, the lessons learned, and what I would do differently during future collaborative work. Before this course, my experience with online sources of information had been limited to an observer status, and although I had read from a variety of sources online, and considered myself capable of sorting truth from fiction, I had never realised the extent to which information can and should be evaluated. A study conducted by Scholz-Crane 1998 (cited in Metzger, 2007, pp. 2080-2081) explains that a lax attitude toward proving the accuracy and credibility of websites is prevalent among college students. This information has encouraged me to be more critical in regard to information found on the web, and I now apply the criteria espoused by Tate, (2010, pp. 35-36) of checking for accuracy, authority, objectivity, currency and coverage. According to Treise et al (2003, cited in...
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...The choice to a large extent depends on the preliminaries to data collection some of the commonly used methods are discussed below. 1. Direct Personal observation: This is a very general method of collecting primary data. Here the investigator directly contacts the informants, solicits their cooperation and enumerates the data. The information are collected by direct personal interviews. The novelty of this method is its simplicity. It is neither difficult for the enumerator nor the informants. Because both are present at the spot of data collection. This method provides most accurate information as the investigator collects them personally. But as the investigator alone is involved in the process, his personal bias may influence the accuracy of the data. So it is necessary that the investigator should be honest, unbiased and experienced. In such cases the data collected may be fairly accurate. However, the method is quite costly and time-consuming. So the method should be used when the scope of enquiry is small. 2. Indirect Oral Interviews : This is an indirect method of collecting primary data. Here information are not collected directly from the source but by interviewing persons closely related with the problem. This method is applied to apprehend culprits in case of theft, murder etc. The informations relating to one's personal life...
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...performance feedback, employee training and development decisions, promotions, transfer, layoff decisions, compensation decisions, human resource planning and career development to help make the best in the human resources to be more efficient and productive in less hiring cost. An effective performance appraisal can enhance employee’s performance. Most employees want to know how well they are doing and how they can improve in the future. Employees with goals are motivated and are more motivated when they receive feedbacks about their performance. It is very important or an employer to understand the benefits and risk factors when providing performance feedback. By providing effective feedback to employees it encourages and enable their personal development which is beneficial to an organization. Two ways an effective performance appraisal can improve employee performance are by directing employee behavior towards organizational goals, and monitoring their behavior to ensure that goals are met. Managers are only humans so they tend to make mistakes while they evaluate employee’s performance. The performance appraisal process can be affected by biases and judgement errors. Every employee expect their performance appraisal to fair and totally free of biases. So many different kind of biases can show up while performance appraisal is being conducted. As I mentioned at the beginning of this paper, each individual is different in the way he or she does performs a task. A common...
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...to tell the truth? EVALUATING OF SOURCES Authenticity? (are there factual errors in the source?) Reliability? (how long after the event was the source produced?) Bias/Prejudice? Subjectivity VS objectivity? Historians have an issue, the source is problematic (biased, emotions, etc) and the historian is a human writer. To guard oneself from being manipulated by bias sources, one must cross-reference. This means one must analyse a few sources and then synthesise their own conclusion. QUESTIONS WHICH ASK YOU TO COMPARE IN THE TEST OR EXAM Generally sources can have two characteristics with each other. They are either similar or they are contradictory/different with each other. One should consider the following aspects when answering these types of exam questions: What are the similarities(1) and the differences(2) between the sources? How do these sources complement each other(3)? Which of these sources provides a more accurate viewpoint on the topic(4)? QUESTIONS WHICH ASK YOU TO USE ALL THE SOURCES This is an eight mark question which comes prior to the essay. One is required to write approximately 10-15 lines; in other words one coherent and logical paragraph. Include a brief context. Have accurate facts. Answer the question! (keep focus). No sub-headings, no word counts, no personal observations, no political commentaries, no introduction and conclusion. You need to continually refer to the sources and never copy information directly from a source...
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...person from a different culture. Different forms of the language can be introduced daily through music, television, forms of media, and people that surround you. Cultures are another means that create the makeup of how people from different societies appear to each other. This can be seen through clothing styles and personality makeup. Language is the main form of communication which creates a universal difference among people. It is easy to create a personal bias opinion towards a different language. An example of this bias would be if you are an English Native American and walk past two Hispanic decent people carrying on a conversation in a foreign language not known to you. In this instance you may create a personal judgment against these individuals because you may think they are making fun of you, or say something about you. These same two individuals may also speak English, however in their form of understanding that is foreign to you. To them; they believe they are speaking fluent English without any barriers, but to your personal...
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