...Personal Crime Analysis Personal crimes are crimes committed against a person, which affects the victim in a personal way. Personal crimes consist of homicide, assault, battery, mayhem, rape, and statutory rape. This paper will identify, define, and differentiate these types of personal crimes. Homicide “is the killing of one human being by another human being” (Schmalleger & Dolatowski, 2010). There are three different types of homicide, which are justifiable, excusable, and criminal. Common law puts criminal homicide into two groups: murder and manslaughter. The Model Penal Code categorizes criminal homicide into murder, manslaughter, and negligent homicide. Justifiable homicides are legal killings acceptable by law, and society. These killings consist of a state-ordered execution military killing of an enemy solider while serving on active duty. Any death caused by legitimate self-defense can also be an excusable homicide. An excusable homicide is “those homicides that may involve some fault but not enough for the act to be considered criminal” (Schmalleger & Dolatowski, 2010). An excusable homicide could be one in which a driver of a motor vehicle has an accident that results in death, but the defendant was not negligent. Criminal homicide is the killing of a human being by another whose actions were found by the courts to have elements that were “purposeful, knowing, reckless, or negligent resulting in the killing of one human by another human” (Schmalleger...
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...| Personal Crime Analysis | University of Phoenix | | Andrew Gonzalez | 11/9/2011 | [Type the abstract of the document here. The abstract is typically a short summary of the contents of the document. Type the abstract of the document here. The abstract is typically a short summary of the contents of the document.] | There are many different types of crime that happen. It is up to the Law Enforcement agencies to make sure that those crimes are investigated and the suspect if taken into custody. Looking at what most crimes one of the worst crimes that you have to deal with is Homicide. This is defined as one person killing another. Now how this happens is another story, even thought there are many different types of homicides that could happen. It is up to the detectives who are investigating the homicides to make sure that they catch the person who is responsible. Most of the times the crime that is being committed can also end up as a homicide if there is enough force being used. Assaults are in most cases the leading crime that ends up in a homicide. When you have someone that is angry enough to hurt the other, then it can also lead to other things. An Assault is defined as a physical attack upon another. You can have many different kinds of assaults like assault with a deadly weapon like a firearm, assault with a deadly weapon that is not a firearm such as a shoe when you go to kick someone when they are down. You also can have a verbal assault on a person...
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...Crime analysts are always trying to find new ways to apply their skills and hone their craft. The vast majority of us are thinkers; we are curious problem solvers who believe that our ability to benefit our agencies is limited only by the latitude we are given. It is understandable then that we should seek out more opportunities to apply our skills and make more positive impacts within our jurisdictions. It is this general attitude that led us to get involved in investigating cold cases. How We Got Started Mark had, for several years, been consulting with our Coroner’s Division as a forensic anthropologist. During this time he came to learn that there were numerous coroners’ cases in which the identity of the decedent was unknown. These cases were kept in three-ring binders on a shelf in the Sergeant’s office. Over the years, in the course of this forensic work, we would discuss these cases and the progress that was being made on them. The conversation usually ran along the lines of us asking “any luck with that 1980 homicide victim?” and the sergeant answering “well, we’ve gotten so many new cases that I haven’t been able to even look at it yet.” This went on for a few years and through two different sergeants. One day we, as a crime analysis unit, were brainstorming about how we could broaden our “client base”, as it were. We had been successful in integrating ourselves into our Investigations Bureau and had been involved in numerous...
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...Cyber Crime Research Presentation by the Australian Institute of Criminology Dr Russell G Smith Principal Criminologist The Australian Institute of Criminology • Australia's national research and knowledge centre on crime and justice • Core funding from the Australian Government, with income for contract research from public and private sectors • Criminology Research Advisory Council representing all jurisdictions • Staff of 30 academic researchers and 25 support staff – total 55 Cyber crime research Research questions • • • • • • • • • • How are cyber crimes committed (e.g. credit cards, internet)? How many crimes are committed and what are the crime trends? Who commits them and why do people commit them? How much money is at stake, lost and recovered? How can such crime be reduced – by prevention or punishment? Online and desk-based reviews of books, reports and articles Legislative and case-law analysis, including sentencing research Consultations with business, government and the community Surveys of households, businesses, offenders and victims Analysis of media reporting of crime Research methods Dissemination of findings • Reports, books, articles, conference papers, roundtables, online, media Cyber crime concepts Organised Crime e.g. OMCGs Identity Crime Cyber Crime e.g. off-line crimes e.g. ID theft Internet Crime e.g. Offensive Content Phishing Financial Crime e.g. Home renovation scams A chronology of cyber crime Cloud...
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...February 1, 2010, Apollo Shoes Inc. purchased its operating facility and equipment from a company controlled by two previous directors and shareholders of the Company for $623,905.92. Currently, the Company leases a second facility and equipment from the same company for approximately $200,000 per month. The Company’s lease ends in June 2011 at which time all operations will be moved to the central headquarters building. The two previous directors are no longer associated with Apollo Shoes. * Write-offs: Bad Debt Expense in A/R for year 2010 is equal to the write-off amount for the same period ($1,622,000.00). Requires detailed review. * Personal loan (Board meeting minutes from June 30, 2011): "Mr. Unum moved that Apollo advance $1,000,000 to Mr. Lancaster’s personal secretary as a personal loan to cover personal legal expenses related to her previous employer. Mr. Unum further suggested that the promissory note plus accrued interest of 1% per year be due on June 30, 2048. Mr. Lancaster suggested that it be recorded in “other receivables,” rather than “employee advances” so...
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...Course Syllabus College of Criminal Justice and Security CJA/354 Version 4 Criminal Law Copyright © 2012, 2011, 2010, 2009 by University of Phoenix. All rights reserved. Course Description This is an introductory course in the study of criminal law, general legal principles, and how the criminal law functions in and affects modern society. This course highlights a variety of key topics, including the concept of crime and the development of criminal law, defenses to criminal charges, and a number of specific types of crimes, including personal crimes, property crimes, public order crimes, and offenses against public morality. Legal issues affecting punishment will also be discussed, as will ways the criminal law impacts victims of crime. Policies Faculty and students will be held responsible for understanding and adhering to all policies contained within the following two documents: • University policies: You must be logged into the student website to view this document. • Instructor policies: This document is posted in the Course Materials forum. University policies are subject to change. Be sure to read the policies at the beginning of each class. Policies may be slightly different depending on the modality in which you attend class. If you have recently changed modalities, read the policies governing your current class modality. Course Materials Champion, D. J. (2009). Leading U.S. Supreme Court cases in criminal justice: Briefs and key terms. Upper...
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...Research In Engineering Volume 1, Issue 9, May-2014 ISSN (Online): 2347 - 4718 DATA MINING TECHNIQUES TO ANALYZE CRIME DATA R. G. Uthra, M. Tech (CS) Bharathidasan University, Trichy, India. Abstract: In data mining, Crime management is an interesting application where it plays an important role in handling of crime data. Crime investigation has very significant role of police system in any country. There had been an enormous increase in the crime in recent years. With rapid popularity of the internet, crime information maintained in web is becoming increasingly rampant. In this paper the data mining techniques are used to analyze the web data. This paper presents detailed study on classification and clustering. Classification is the process of classifying the crime type Clustering is the process of combining data object into groups. The construct of scenario is to extract the attributes and relations in the web page and reconstruct the scenario for crime mining. Key words: Crime data analysis, classification, clustering. I. INTRODUCTION Crime is one of the dangerous factors for any country. Crime analysis is the activity in which analysis is done on crime activities. Today criminals have maximum use of all modern technologies and hi-tech methods in committing crimes. The law enforcers have to effectively meet out challenges of crime control and maintenance of public order. One challenge to law enforcement and intelligence agencies is the difficulty...
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...Crime One of the best theories best known for methodological approaches would be a rational choice. Individuals are a unit of analysis at which to study society. Society is not made up of a large number of individuals; it can contain organizations and groups. Any general sociological theory is able to tell how the social structure can come into being as well as how they can be maintained. The rational choice theory will explain how the human race behaves for the most part. There are some limits to the theory. Rational choice theory is based on the idea that individuals act for a particular purpose, that is to maximize their utility. In the simplest way, rational choice theory will say the given number of different options that people will do, because they believe that it will have the best outcome. The field of political science rational choice theory is usually used. Rational choice theorists argue that the study of political analysis need not necessarily include every detail of political information, such as dates, names and places, but that an alternative view can offer a distinctive insight into the nature of political life. An assumption made by rational choice theorists is, every human is motivated by self-interest and will figure out their own moves so that they can maximize their own interests. The rational choice theories are more likely to deter property crimes than to violence crimes if increased sanctions are put in play. The increased sanctions will...
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...The widespread adoption of the personal computer has changed the way we live. Every day personal computers (PCs) become more and more mainstream, performing various functions in our business, personal and recreational environments. They have automated many of the menial tasks of business, such as accounting, payroll, filing, record keeping, etc. This increased use of technology has caught the attention of the criminal element. The computer has become both target and tool to a new breed of cyber-criminal. Computers are becoming an increasingly important part of everyday life. They also provide new opportunities for criminal enterprise. The computer provides both new types of crime, and new ways of perpetrating traditional crimes. Computer crime investigation differs from more traditional crime investigation in several critical ways and will require law enforcement agencies to adopt new policies and practices. This paper documents the increasing rate of computer-based crime, points out several critical areas where it differs from more traditional crimes, and outlines some new problems and issues which law enforcement must address to combat computer crime. Finally, this paper suggests a plan of action suitable for many law enforcement agencies to prepare for dealing with computer based crime.The Birth of "hacking" Early use of the term "hacker" was applied to computer hobbyists who spent their spare time creating video games and other basic computer...
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...2. Experiments |Type of Experiment |Information |Practical issues |Ethical Issues |Theoretical issues | | | | | | | |Laboratory experiments |• A laboratory experiment is controlled and is |1. Open systems – Can only |1. Informed consent |• Positivists – experiments are good because of| | |in an artificial environment. |work with science. Society is an open system |2. Harm to subjects - everything, including |their reliability. This is because | | |• There must be two groups , an experimental |where the factors cannot be controlled. |risks, must be explained but what if you are |they can control the variables, produces | | |and control group. |2. Individuals are complex – it |Milgram? |quantitative data and is detached. However, it | | ...
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...particular computing device in a way it can be presented in a court of law. The main role of computer analyst is to recover data including photos, files/documents, and e-mails from computer storage devices that were deleted, damaged and otherwise manipulated. The forensics expert’s work on cases involving crimes associated with internet based concerns and the investigations of other potential possibilities on other computer systems that may have been related or involved in the crime to find enough evidence of illegal activities. Computer experts can also use their professional knowledge to protect corporate computers/servers from infiltration, determine how the computer was broken into, and recover lost files in the company. Processes are used to obtain this information and some of the processes are as follows; * Investigation process: Computer forensics investigations will typically be done as part of a crime that allegedly occurred. The first step of the investigation should be to verify that a crime took place. Understand what occurred of the incident, assess the case, and see if the crime leads back to the individual. * System Description: Next step, once you verified the crime did occur, you then begin gathering as much information and data about the specific incident. The forensics expert then begins taking notes every step of the way. The not taking consist of describing and the analyzation of the actual system of interest such as they type of system, where it took place...
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...The ABC Murders - Summary and analysis Summary (Spoiler Alert): Hastings, Hercule Poirot's partner and assistant, returns to Britain, just as Poirot receives a sinister letter from an unknown person under the alias ABC. The letter says, that he should look out for Andover, on the 21st of the month. Just as stated in the letter, something happens on the 21st. A woman in Andover, named Alice Asher, turns up dead. On the crime scene an ABC railway guide is found, and Andover is marked. The police believes that this is just a coincidence, and that the letter and the murder are not connected. On the very same day, Poirot receives another letter. This time it tells Poirot, to look out for Bexhill on the 25th. On the 25th another woman is found dead. This time it is Elisabeth Bernard. Once again, an ABC railway guide is found on the body, and it is opened on Bexhill. The Police slowly starts believing that this is not just a coincidence. He receives the third letter three days late due to an error in the address, written on the letter. The next morning, a Sir Carmichael Clarke is found dead in his estate in Churston. The fourth and final killing happens in a cinema in Doncaster, where a guy named George Earlsfield is stabbed to death. ABC has erred, since Earlsfield does not start with a D. The police believes that the killer is a mad man, who has failed, and that the killings might be over. Poirot on the other hand, does not believe in coincidences. Therefore he believes, that...
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...Crime Causation and Diversion Paper James McMichael CJA/374 March 12, 2014 Pamela Linden Crime Causation and Diversion Paper In this paper will compare juvenile diversion and intervention programs operating in the state of Colorado and how they work to reduce crime. Included will be an analysis of the relationship between the premise of each program, their goals, and the major cause for juvenile delinquent behaviors. Each program will be identified as to what their major goals, core beliefs, and objectives are. The key participants of these programs will also be identified along with the types of services they provide to juveniles. Of the two programs provided will include my own explanation as to why one program may be more effective at reducing juvenile crime than the other. In over the last two decades juvenile crimes have accounted for a large portion of criminal cases within the juvenile justice system. The most common crimes committed by juveniles usually involve theft, drug abuse, simple assault or disorderly conduct and account for nearly half of all juvenile arrests. Among these crimes theft has been found to be the leading cause for crimes committed by juveniles. Between 1980 and 1995 juveniles arrested for larceny theft grew from just over 1,400 to well over 1,600 per 100,000 people aged 10 to 17. Although this growth declined 52% by 2006; however by 2010 77% of all juvenile arrests were for larceny theft. Despite the recent growth of larceny theft among juveniles...
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...Crime Causation and Diversion paper Marquita Shelton CJA/374 Anthony McBride December 14, 2015 University of Phoenix Crime Causation and Diversion Paper In this paper will compare juvenile diversion and intervention programs operating in the state of Colorado and how they work to reduce crime. Included will be an analysis of the relationship between the premise of each program, their goals, and the major cause for juvenile delinquent behaviors. Each program will be identified as to what their major goals, core beliefs, and objectives are. The key participants of these programs will also be identified along with the types of services they provide to juveniles. Of the two programs provided will include my own explanation as to why one program may be more effective at reducing juvenile crime than the other. In over the last two decades juvenile crimes have accounted for a large portion of criminal cases within the juvenile justice system. The most common crimes committed by juveniles usually involve theft, drug abuse, simple assault or disorderly conduct and account for nearly half of all juvenile arrests. Among these crimes theft has been found to be the leading cause for crimes committed by juveniles. Between 1980 and 1995 juveniles arrested for larceny theft grew from just over 1,400 to well over 1,600 per 100,000 people aged 10 to 17. Although this growth declined 52% by 2006; however by 2010 77% of all juvenile arrests were for larceny...
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...1)Introduction; Crime today is at an extreme high. However, forensic science has been there to help solve every crime committed Forensic science is the scientific method of gathering and examining information about the past. The word forensic comes from the Latin forēnsis, meaning "of or before the forum. The word forensic basically means the key to solve a crime.This is the technology used to help forensic teams to analyze and solve crimes.- This is especially important in law enforcement where forensics is done in relation to criminal or civil law,[1] but forensics are also carried out in other fields, such as astronomy, archaeology, biology and geology to investigate ancient times. Forensic Science is used to Identify Criminals Rape, murder, theft, and other crimes almost always leave a devastating mark on the victim. . In modern forensic science, the crime laboratories include photography section, Evidence storage section, identification section, chemistry section, General examination section, Fire arms section, instrument section and crime scene search section. 2)Origins of forensic science: In 16th-century Europe, medical practitioners in army and university settings began to gather information on the cause and manner of death. Ambroise Paré, a French army surgeon, systematically studied the effects of violent death on internal organs.[9][10] Two Italian surgeons, Fortunato Fidelis and Paolo Zacchia, laid the foundation...
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