...Running Head: PERSONALIZED MEDICINE PERSONALIZED MEDICINE Margaret Barnes SCl115-Introduction to Biology November 07, 2012 PERSONALIZED MEDICINE Personalized Medicine and Modern Genetics Technology: “Introduction” In today’s world DNA sequences are frequently and constantly improving, modern instruments can analyze DNA by the millions within a twenty-four hour period (Mader, 2010, P.178). Because of technology, these instruments have been made available now and in the future for the use of personalized medicinal products. This paper provides an overview of how modern genetic technology may lead to personalized medicine, and to give examples two or more specific benefits of personalized medicine: a discussion of its drawbacks and limitations of the approach to human medicine. “Modern Genetic Technology and Personalized Medicine” Modern technology is constantly growing in our world, for us to understand how modern genetic technology may lead to personalized medicine and the importance personalized medicine. Personalized medicine is the tailoring of medical treatment for an individual with the unique characteristics for each patient. This approach is a scientific...
Words: 821 - Pages: 4
...Personalized Medicine Kenneth Weddle Strayer University Science 115 Professor Meri Stanec May 21, 2012 Personalized Medicine Personalized medicine refers to the medical model that entails the customization of healthcare. Under personalized medicine, all the decisions and practices relating to an individual patient are advanced using genetic or any other vital pieces of information. The emergence of personalized medicine has helped in the reduction of costs, time, and the rate of failure of pharmaceutical clinical trials, has eliminated trial and error inefficiencies in the diagnosis of diseases, and has aided in the prescription of effective drugs and averted those that pose dangerous side effects to patients. This essay explicates the manner in which genetic technology may contribute to personalized medicine, examples of the benefits of personalized medicine, and drawbacks of personalized medicine. Modern genetic technology has played an instrumental role in leading to personalized medicine. It has led to in depth understanding of the impacts of genetics in a given disease. The understanding of the impacts of the disease has helped in the development of personalized medicine, as practitioners are able to identify the correct prescription for different diseases. Modern genetic technology has also led to personalized medicine by helping practitioners understand the significance of genes in the normal development...
Words: 680 - Pages: 3
...Personalized Medicine Na’Tasha Slade SCI 115 Professor Palaniswamy August 5, 2012 Personalized Medicine has great influence on the way we think towards identifying and managing healthcare problems and diseases. Personalize medicine aids in providing an in depth analysis of hereditary differences within genetically difference of people and also how it may affect the healthcare that they may need. With technology being modified daily the advancements in technology may improve the levels of personalize medicine by, giving details on someone metabolic, genetic, and proteinaceous profile that in the future be used to customize individual medical care. The concept of personalized medicine has broadened to include evaluation of your genetic risk of developing disease and determining how serious it may be as well as detecting diseases at much earlier stages—usually before you have symptoms. A personalized medicine approach will also tell you what medicines will work best for you, depending on many different factors, and reduce or eliminate the trial-and-error process of trying to find the right ones. A personalized medicine approach will better monitor disease and treatments and have a better chance of predicting outcomes of therapies and treatment approaches. Personalized medicine usually involves a combination of genetic testing (to determine propensity for certain diseases); suggestions for lifestyle changes; detection of diseases at the molecular level; and customized...
Words: 541 - Pages: 3
...the technology that is available to us and making it possible for medicinal products to become personalized. In this paper I will be explaining how modern genetic technology may lead to personalized medicine; discussing the benefits of personalized medicine; and discussing the drawbacks and limitations of personalized medicine. Explanation of how modern genetic technology may lead to personalized medicine. In order to understand how modern genetic technology may lead to personalized medicine, we need to first understand what personalized medicine is. Personalized medicine is the ability to determine an individual’s unique molecular characteristics and to use those genetic distinctions to diagnose more finely individual’s disease, select treatments that increase the chances of a successful outcome and reduce possible adverse reactions. Personalized medicine is also the ability to predict an individual’s susceptibility to diseases and thus to try to shape steps that may help to avoid or reduce the extent to which an individual will experience a disease. With that being said, the advancement in technology has made it possible for doctors and geneticists use a person’s DNA to find out what kinds of diseases are in their future; thus making it possible for them to make a stepping stone to prevent them. “The completion of the Human Genome Project in 2003 opened the door for better understanding of genetic components of disease that will shape the future practice of medicine. The...
Words: 887 - Pages: 4
...Personalized medicine is a medical model that emphasizes and bases its application on understanding and using an individual’s personal information. This information includes details about genes, proteins, environmental surroundings during diagnosis, prevention, and in choosing and administering treatments. “Today, when people refer to “Personalized Medicine,” it is generally in the context of using genomics, the science of looking at all the information in the human genome, to tailor medical care to individuals based on their genetic makeup” (Chisholm, 2008). Three areas of technology are the key to making personalized medicine present in our healthcare system. One area involves new tools to decode the human genome (Personalized Medicine: A Vision for a Positive Effect on Healthcare). By mapping this, new approaches have been taken to understand and treat disease. “Cancer and cardiovascular disease are two areas in which genomics are showing promise for treatment advances, although challenges remain” (Personalized Medicine: How Will It Affect Patients?, 2011). The second key area would be to use large-scale studies that help link genetic variation to disease. We would also need “a healthcare technology information system that supports integration of clinical data” (Personalized Medicine: A Vision for a Positive Effect on Healthcare). This would enable physicians to keep track of patient care, to tailor treatment. Breast cancer has been a medical concern for years, and we...
Words: 955 - Pages: 4
...PERSONALIZED MEDICINE Introduction to Biology Professor Thomas Green LaKeyla Garrett Explanation of how modern genetic technology may lead to personalized medicine. By using DNA technologies such as stem cell research and cloning manipulate human genes. Patients with common disease genetic abnormalities and even spinal injuries may use genetic technology to create personal medicine that may be able to improve and prolong life. An individual risk for common disease would be determined by a genetic profile created from this technology. To create a medical profile tailored to specific DNA characteristics of each patient doctors may use modern genetic technology. The genetic profile would determine treatment and/or preventative care according the effects of a particular disease or patient’s reaction to a certain medical treatments. Discuss the benefits of personalized medicine. Prevention, diagnosis, and treatment in some cancers can be provided by personalized medicine. The use of personalized medicine will allow doctors to develop a more precise treatment based on each patients modern genetic technology because cancer is such a complex disease and effects each individual differently. Genetic diseases affect an estimated 12 million Americans, yet according to a survey of 1,000 people conducted by the Genetic Disease Foundation (GDF), while two-thirds of those surveyed were willing to and saw the benefits of undergoing genetic testing, close to 80 percent had never...
Words: 490 - Pages: 2
...Assignment 2.1: The Public Needs to Know – Draft Version Lewis G. Hymon Strayer University English 115 February 5, 2012 Professor Traci Wilmoth Personalized Medicine: Cancer and the Human Genome Personalized medicine uses molecular analysis to obtain maximum medical benefits in the treatment and management of patient’s known diseases. It can also be used to predict the predisposition for inherited deceases such as cancer. Personalized medicine’s goal is to begin a whole new level and standard for healthcare. Personalized medicine is a rapidly growing field within the healthcare industry. Personalized medicine is designed to fit into each person's unique medical profile including their genetic, genomic, and environmental disposition and or variables. Due to the fact that specifics are sometimes different from person to person, the type of the diseases, to include the start, the duration, and how the decease may respond to the forms of treatment available or other clinical solutions is totally individual to the person who has the disease. One key tenant of the Human Genome Project was stated as; to learn the sequences of the 3 billion units of DNA that makes up a human genome, to include the identification of all of the genes located within the enormous amounts of information obtained. Sometime in 2003, almost all of the pairs of chemical compounds that the units are comprised of had been put in their exact sequence. The genes in the DNA including...
Words: 841 - Pages: 4
...Research www.renub.com Personalized Medicine Diagnostics (Flow Cytometry, Sepsis Immunos, Routine Coagulation, Psychiatric Disorders, Tumor Markers, Molecular Blood Typing and Other Testing) Market & Forecast Published: June, 2013 Copyright © 2013 Renub Research – All Rights Reserved Personalized Medicine - Market Overview Personalized Medicine is often defined as “the right treatment for the right person at the right time.” Personalized medicine is becoming the place to be in clinical diagnostics as well and slowly becoming the reality of future in the diagnostics industry By Technology Segment - Personalized Medicine diagnostics market is expected to grow with a double digit CAGR for the period of 2013 to 2018. It is expected that personalized medicine diagnostics market by technology is going to double by 2018 from its current market size in 2012. In this segment, Point of Care Testing and Molecular Diagnostics segments control the #1 and #2 positions in 2012. By Diseases Segment - Personalized Medicine diagnostics market is expected to be more than US$ 30 Billion by 2018. Diabetes management test and Cancer management test are the leading market in this segment. Renub Research report entitled “Personalized Medicine Diagnostics (Flow Cytometry, Sepsis Immunos, Routine Coagulation, Psychiatric Disorders, Tumor Markers, Molecular Blood Typing and Other Testing)” report provides a comprehensive analysis of the emerging personalized medicine diagnostic market segments...
Words: 3516 - Pages: 15
...Personalized Medicine SCI 115 Abstract Personalized medicine is a healthcare field that deals with the different and unique genomic, genetic, clinical, and environmental information of each person. Personalized medicine is based on making treatment or prevention of disease focus on the individual and the factors that do or will affect that particular individual. Some of the advantages of personalized medicine are the ability to make more informed medical decisions, earlier disease intervention, and reduced probability of negative side effects. Although there is a large upside to personalized medicine and the medical advantages that come along with it implementation, there lyes the challenge. The implementation of personalized medicine is the largest limitation. Whether it is lack of push from the healthcare industry or lack of proven technology to properly diagnose individual patients, personalized medicine is very young and has a long way to go. Personalized medicine or medical treatment that is unique to the individual definitely has it advantages. Some of those advantages are the ability to make more informed medical decisions, earlier disease intervention. Laberge and Burke (2008) describe personalized medicine as health care that is tailored to the individual. They go on to say that (Laberge and Burke 2008) recently the term has been used to refer specifically to genetically-based health care. Some of the drawbacks to personalized medicine according to Laberge...
Words: 839 - Pages: 4
...PERSONALIZED MEDICINE The term "personalized medicine" reflects the growth of scientific understanding and medical tools that can help individualize care at a new level. Such tools can help match treatments to individual genetic variations, or differentiate between types and subtypes of diseases. A new patient has been diagnoses with a certain type lung cancer and because of genetic technology doctors now can hone with precision and with certainty when treating the patient. There will be no more lets try chemotherapy, no more we have a experimental drug we could try. Doctors can with certainty say this is how we are going to cure you because of genetic technology. In gene testing scientists scan a patient's DNA sample for mutated sequences. DNA can be obtained from any tissue to include blood. Gene testing can range from hundreds to thousands of dollars depending on the size of the genes and any mutations detected. One of the most serious limitations of these susceptibility tests is the difficulty in interpreting a positive result because some people who carry a disease-associated mutation never develop the disease. A limitation of all medical testing is the possibility for laboratory errors. These might be due to sample misidentification, contamination of the chemicals used for testing, or other factors. The risks for discrimination and social stigmatization could outweigh the benefits of testing. While the FDA oversees the trials and final approval for certain medicines...
Words: 646 - Pages: 3
...Personalized medicine Personalized medicine is defined as a medical model of customized healthcare in which the medical decisions, practices, and/or products are tailored for the individual patient. In this model, the diagnostic test is often used to select appropriate and optimal treatments based on the context of a patient’s genetic content, other molecular or cellular analysis. The application of genetic information has played an important role in certain aspects of personalized medicine such as pharmacogenomics, and the term was first invented in the genetic background although it has been broadened to encompass a variety of personalization measures [1]. Some use cases of personalized therapies, devices, or technologies that demonstrate...
Words: 2128 - Pages: 9
...Wuanda S Green Introduction to Biology Dr. Russell Barnett Personalized Medicine Personalized medicine is a new field of healthcare that is based on an individual’s unique genetic, genomic, clinical and environmental information. The factors vary from one person to another just like the onset of diseases so the purpose of personalized medicine is to react to the individual’s symptoms in the way, with personalized treatment (Jain, 2007). Personalized medicine primary goal and target is to make a treatment as individualize as the person receiving the treatment. This method involves identifying genetic, genomic, and clinical information that will allow accurate predictions to be made about an individual’s susceptibility to a developing disease, the course of that disease and the response to treatment (Cohen, 2008). Modern genetic technology started with the genome project which leads to the benefits and development of personalized medicine (Cohen, 2008). The human genome is the blueprint for each person's body, influencing how we look, our genetic predispositions for certain medical conditions, how well our bodies fight disease or metabolize food, and which therapies our bodies do and do not respond to (Hart, 2005). The genome consists of an organism's total DNA, including its genes. DNA—the famous "double helix"—is composed of four chemicals, which are repeated many times in different sequences (Jain, 2007). (The names of the chemicals are abbreviated as A, T, C, and G. That's...
Words: 751 - Pages: 4
...How Modern Genetic Technology May Lead to Personalized Medicine While the practice has actually been around for a while now, modern genetic technology is already trying to make its way into mainstream healthcare. There are specialized treatments being developed for breast cancer called Stratified medicine that takes patients and splits them into four groups to see which one respond to the medicine and the ones that don’t are no longer given the treatment. Another treatment is Gene therapy, this treatment looks to change the genome to stop diseases at its root, this treatment has been changed to longer include aggressive courses of action it is now less aggressive and being used more. There are also vaccines available for certain types of cancer as well as ways to reconstruct tissue. Benefits of Personalized Medicine The rise in the technology available to us for our healthcare needs make sure that more and more diseases are stopped before they even get a chance to take hold. Society as whole are becoming more health convince than ever and it is only natural that we would be looking to personalized medicine as our future. Personalized medicine can let us know how well patients will respond to traditional therapies, and allows their health care to be tailored to meet their needs. Patients will then be able to know out front which conditions they would be at greatest risk of contracting and be able to come up with a course of action. Things like change in diets and genetically...
Words: 562 - Pages: 3
...The Public Needs to Know Personalized medicine uses molecular analysis to obtain maximum medical benefits in the treatment and management of patient’s known diseases. It can also be used to predict the predisposition for inherited deceases such as cancer. Personalized medicine’s goal is to begin a whole new level and standard for healthcare. Personalized medicine is a rapidly growing field within the healthcare industry., and environmental disposition and or variables. Due to the fact that specifics are sometimes different from person to person, the type of the diseases, to include the start, the duration, and how the decease may respond to the forms of treatment available or other clinical solutions is totally individual to the person who has the disease. One key tenant of the Human Genome Project was stated as; to learn the sequences of the 3 billion units of DNA that makes up a human genome, the genes in the DNA including the individual elements that control the genes are currently being studied, identified and cataloged. The information obtained thus far has suggested that the human genome may contain in excess of 22,000 genes and may even possibly eclipse 23,000 genes. This information is crucial to how modern genetic technology could lead to personalized medicine. Be sure to include the citation as well. From which one of your sources did you find this information? Include the author’s last name and the publication year. If you cannot find the author, use the title...
Words: 461 - Pages: 2
...Personalized Medicine Pharmacy has been a key component of medicine for generations. From witch doctors providing herbal remedies, to the recent use of pharmacogenomics, medicine has always worked differently for different people. However, new advances in technology and understanding of the human body have allowed humans to leap forward and save lives. Genetic testing can improve the use of prescription drugs in many ways. Prescription drugs do not always work, and can sometimes be toxic to the users. This is due to the differences between different people and the fact that everyone has a different genetic makeup. For example, Her2/neu genes code for a protein receptor, the Her2 receptor, which deals with cell growth and differentiation. Some polymorphisms in the Her2/neu genes can change how some women’s breasts grow, leading to possible tumors. Cancer can also cause mutations, making the Her2/neu genes overactive, leading to tumors. Thus, women with breast cancer are routinely checked for Her2/neu over-activity. Physicians prescribe a drug called Herceptin to these Her2/neu positive patients. Herceptin does not work as well with patients that are Her2/neu negative, and in fact can be toxic to these patients (1). Thus, genetic testing allows us to change treatments in a way that could be life saving. However, genetic knowledge can change a person’s life, either through ability to act preventatively or by paralyzing a carrier with the weight of a decision. Gene...
Words: 566 - Pages: 3
