...Pyramids in Peru The pyramids in Peru were thought to be between 4,400-4,600 years old and some people say it is the oldest city in the Americas. The pyramids of Peru are 1 of 6 civilizations with pyramids. Even the civilization that supposedly built them lacked ceramics, writing and apparently had almost no art, yet they somehow build these amazing pyramids. Caral complex didn't build the original pyramids made out of many layered rocks. This civilization built these pyramids and buried them and left them for somebody to find without knowing what they meant. For example, the mysterious mounds that litter the Ohio valley are attributed to local Natives but the Indians themselves saying they never built the mounds and that a lost race had built...
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...TABLES 22 Figure 1. Peru nominal and real GDP, 1994-2013 and Inflation Rate, 1994-2013 22 Figure 2. Peru Exports (FOB) and Imports (CIF). 1994-2013 22 Figure 3. Peru Trade Openness Index and Contribution of US trade to TOI. 23 Table 1. Trade evolution for Exports, Imports, and Trade Balance, Peru-USA 2009-2013. 23 Figure 4. Trade evolution for Exports, Imports, and Trade Balance, Peru-USA 2009-2013. 24 Figure 5. Peru-USA Trade Exports and Imports per capita. 2009-2013. 24 Figure 6. Peru-USA and Peru-World Net Trade and Balance Trade Comparison. 2009-2013. 25 Figure 7. Peru’s Foreign Direct Investment stock and flow (Equity Capital). 2003-2013. 25 ABSTRACT Peru has signed a Free Trade Agreement with United States on February 2009, this FTA with the US is a balanced and comprehensive agreement covering all aspects of bilateral economic relationship such as: trade in goods, investment promotion, procurement, border services, and protection of intellectual property. It also includes chapters on labor and environmental protection. Objectives for the Agreement are of two orders, to increase and guarantee preferential access to Peruvian exports to US economy, diversify exports, and attract Foreign Direct Investment, and on the other hand (and maybe most important in the long term) to strengthen the stability of the Peruvian economic policy reforms and institutions, as well as to contribute to improved international risk classification of Peru, promoting in...
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...Nova Southeastern University H. Wayne Huizenga School of Business & Entrepreneurship Assignment for Course: QNT 5040 Submitted to: Yuliya Yurova Submitted by: Joy Starks N00623592 8841 Southampton Drive Miramar, Fl 33025 305 458 3129 954 441 5468 Date of Submission: 1/24/2010 Title of Assignment: Exotic Adventures Inc CERTIFICATION OF AUTHORSHIP: I certify that I am the author of this paper and that any assistance I received in its preparation is fully acknowledged and disclosed in the paper. I have also cited any sources from which I used data, ideas or words, either quoted directly or paraphrased. I also certify that this paper was prepared by me specifically for this course. Student's Signature: Joy Starks ***************************************************************** Instructor's Grade on Assignment: Instructor's Comments: Executive Summary Exotic adventures operate Amazon River voyages. The company operates successfully during high water season in March from Belem, Brazil on the Atlantic coast to Iquitos, Peru. After research Exotic adventures expanded their voyages to include low water season in October. During September Exotic adventures had to make a decision whether to cancel a voyage or to continue the voyage based on ambiguous information regarding safety issues in unusual low water levels. Method of analysis was conducted by a decision tree technique. Exotic Adventures had three options to make the decision on whether to continue...
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...6. Social Responsibility & NGO’s Gursharn Dhugga In this report you will learn about the corporate social responsibility of Peru, business ethics, ethical issues in international business and Non-Governmental Organizations in Peru. Corporate Social Responsibility & CSR in Global Companies Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) is defined as the voluntary activities undertaken by a company to operate in an economic, social and environmentally sustainable manner. Corporate Social Responsibility in the Mining Sector in Peru seeks to take a first step towards meaningful dialogue about CSR among the different actors involved to help civil society obtain the highest benefits from CSR policies and actions implemented by government and corporations. A legislative proposal on the topic of corporate social responsibility was introduced in Peru in 2005, but it was never implemented and thus there is still no legislation governing CSR in Peru. Small businesses who deal domestically tend to place much less emphasis on operating responsibly than the major companies who rely mainly on exports. Most CSR initiative in Peru seems to come from international organizations and intermediaries; the Swiss AVINA, Kellog, Interamerican, and Ford Foundations are all examples of the attempt to raise CSR awareness. Benefits of CSR Peru’s rapid economic expansion has helped to reduce the national poverty rate by almost 15%, but 44.5% of the population still live below the poverty line....
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...International Trade & Academic Research Conference (ITARC ), 7 – 8th November, 2012, London.UK. COCA-COLA: International Business Strategy for Globalization Michael Ba Banutu-Gomez William G. Rohrer College of Business, Rowan University, USA Key Words International Differentiation Strategy, Global Strategy, International Marketing Strategy, Culture in International Marketing Strategy, Coca-Cola Strategy, International Distribution Strategy, Choosing Distributors and Channels, The Challenge of Distribution, Hidden Costs And Gains In Distribution, International Collaborative Strategy, International Labor Relations and Management Strategy, and International Diversification Strategy. Abstract The purpose of this research was to analysis the efficiency of global strategies. This paper identified six key strategies necessary for firms to be successful when expanding globally. These strategies include differentiation, marketing, distribution, collaborative strategies, labor and management strategies, and diversification. Within this analysis, we chose to focus on the Coca-Cola Company because they have proven successful in their international operations and are one of the most recognized brands in the world. We performed an in-depth review of how effectively or ineffectively Coca-Cola has used each of the six strategies. The paper focused on Coca-Cola's operations in the United States, China, Belarus, Peru, and Morocco. The author used electronic journals from...
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...certify that I am the author of this paper and any assistance that I received in its preparation is fully acknowledged and disclosed in the paper. I have also cited any sources from which I used data, ideas, or words, either quoted directly or paraphrased. I also certify that this paper was prepared by me specifically for this course. Student Signature: Marcelo Gonzalez Instructor(s Grade on Assignment: Instructor(s Comments: Exotic Adventures Inc.: The Amazon River Voyage Case Synopsis Exotic Adventures Inc (EAI), is a company that offers expedition style voyages to the Amazon River among other destinations. Based on the recommendation of some experts, the company has decided to launch a new low water season route, that even though it has good demand because of its wild life proximity, it has a lot of risk because the water level may not permit that the vessels can go through. A month before starting the first trip, the company starts receiving news from Brazil that the water is too low and that it will be impossible to make the voyage. At the same time the company is hearing from Peru that everything is OK. State the Assignment Question Should the company cancel the trip because of the low water alerts from Brazil or should they continue with the plan and take the risk? Case Analysis Normally, EAI voyages offered expedition trips to the Amazon River from Belem, Brazil to Iquitos, Peru during the high water season in...
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...Coca-Cola: International Business Strategy For Globalization Dr. Michael Ba Banutu-Gomez, Professor, Management and Entrepreneurship, William G. Rohrer College of Business Rowan University, Glassboro, NJ ABSTRACT The purpose of this research was to analyze the efficiency of global strategies. This paper identified six key strategies necessary for firms to be successful when expanding globally. These strategies include differentiation, marketing, distribution, collaborative strategies, labor and management strategies, and diversification. Within this analysis, we chose to focus on the Coca-Cola Company because they have proven successful in their international operations and are one of the most recognized brands in the world. We performed an in-depth review of how effectively or ineffectively Coca-Cola has used each of the six strategies. The paper focused on Coca-Cola's operations in the United States, China, Belarus, Peru, and Morocco. The author used electronic journals from the various countries to determine how effective Coca-Cola was in these countries. The paper revealed that Coca-Cola was very successful in implementing strategies regardless of the country. However, the author learned that CocaCola did not effectively utilize all of the strategies in each country. Key Words: Coca-Cola, International Business, Strategy, Globalization, International Marketing, Labor Relations, Distribution, Diversification, Management, Channels, Costs, Gains and Collaboration. INTRODUCTION...
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...Plan When the U.S. based Harley-Davidson company considers foreign investment in the South American country Peru it is important to consider several factors that will be critical to its success. Past papers have analyzed the country and the region, the political and economic environment, the opportunities and threats involved in doing business there, and how the company’s strengths support those opportunities and how its weaknesses can be mitigated to minimize the threats. This final analysis will review Harley-Davidson’s marketing approach, financial overview, options for financing the foreign investment, the decentralized nature of the organization and its benefits for global operations, and the companies available exit strategies for a Peruvian operation. Marketing Mix Harley-Davidson has chosen the strategic direction of targeting a youth market that is more up to speed with the technologies of today to increase its share in the cruiser market. The average age in Peru is 26.2, and with the introduction of the v-rod motorcycle, Harley-Davidson cut out a sizable share of the cruiser market. That will be the goal of the new market in Peru, with the change being a duel-role product for both off road and street use. To target the younger market by introducing a new product, the company has chosen to concentrate on the following market objectives: market expansion into Peru and product diversification to meet the needs of the customer in their current terrain. With a projected...
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...University Carbondale Ken-ichi Shinoda National Science Museum, Tokyo Julie Farnum Montclair State University Robert Corruccini Southern Illinois University Carbondale Hirokatsu Watanabe Terra Information Engineering Company Follow this and additional works at: http://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/anthro_pubs © 2004 by The Wenner‐Gren Foundation for Anthropological Research Published in Current Anthropology, Vol. 45, No. 3 ( June 2004) at 10.1086/382249 Recommended Citation Shimada, Izumi; Shinoda, Ken-ichi; Farnum, Julie; Corruccini, Robert; and Watanabe, Hirokatsu, "An Integrated Analysis of PreHispanic Mortuary Practices: A Middle Sicán Case Study" (2004). Publications. Paper 8. http://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/anthro_pubs/8 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Department of Anthropology at OpenSIUC. It has been accepted for inclusion in Publications by an authorized administrator of OpenSIUC. For more information, please contact jnabe@lib.siu.edu. C u r r e n t A n t h r o p o l o g y Volume 45, Number 3, June 2004 2004 by The Wenner-Gren Foundation for Anthropological Research. All rights reserved 0011-3204/2004/4503-0004$3.00 An Integrated Analysis of PreHispanic Mortuary Practices A Middle Sican Case Study1 ´ by Izumi Shimada, Ken-ichi Shinoda, Julie Farnum, Robert Corruccini, and Hirokatsu Watanabe Recent debate has raised serious questions about the viability of the social and ideological reconstruction of prehistoric culture on...
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...Index a) Nokia Corporation 1. Introduction 2. History i) Pre telecommunication Era 1) Industrial conglomerate ii) Telecommunications era 1) Networking equipment 2) First mobile phones 3) Involvement in GSM 3. Acquisitions 4. Logos b) Global Market Captured/Targeted By Nokia Corporation c) Peru i) Quick Facts ii) General Overview iii) Economy iv) Challenges v) Economic Indicators d) Entry Strategy For Nokia Corporation to Enter in Peru i) Political factors ii) Social Factors iii) Economical factors iv) Technological Factors v) Environmental Factors vi) Legal factors Nokia Corporation Introduction Nokia Corporation is a Finnish multinational communications corporation that is headquartered in Keilaniemi, Espoo, a city neighboring Finland's capital Helsinki. Nokia is engaged in the manufacturing of mobile devices and in converging Internet and communications industries, with over 123,000 employees in 120 countries, sales in more than 150 countries and global annual revenue of EUR 41 billion and operating profit of €1.2 billion as of 2009. It is the world's largest manufacturer of mobile telephones: its global device market share was about 33% in Q2 2010, down from 35% in Q2 2009 and unchanged from Q1 2010. Nokia's converged device market share was about 41% in...
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...assessment of trilateral development cooperation. Introduction In a time span of the last 10 years, the scene has changed rapidly in international development studies. A number of new actors have appeared on the scene and are changing the attitudes towards and the setting of development, in particularly in Africa. To argue that changes on this scene is a novelty would be obscene, with possible references to the plethora of different development paths followed by individual states, the widely differing politics of international development and in particular the big shifts in the international paradigms surrounding aid and governance. The reasons for the current change on the international scene are many. First, and most relevant to this paper, there is the entry of “new” states on the scene. These are states that most often have risen to a middle-income level (e.g. China, Brazil, South Africa), and now are looking to either widen their altruistic reach, look out for geopolitical interest, gain political influence or to secure access to future growth markets and scarce resources – or maybe all of the above. It is worth to note, that they have all been present for a long time, but just recently have attained the interior economic welfare to increase their aid support (Rampa et al., 2012; Dreher et al., 2011; Wouters et al., 2012). Another very big driver of change is the entry of private financing into the field of development. Private companies, famous philanthropists and celebrities...
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..._____________________________________________________________________ CREDIT Research Paper No. 01/05 _____________________________________________________________________ Reducing Child Malnutrition: How Far Does Income Growth Take Us? by Harold Alderman, Simon Appleton, Lawrence Haddad, Lina Song and Yisehac Yohannes _____________________________________________________________________ Centre for Research in Economic Development and International Trade, University of Nottingham 2 The Centre for Research in Economic Development and International Trade is based in the School of Economics at the University of Nottingham. It aims to promote research in all aspects of economic development and international trade on both a long term and a short term basis. To this end, CREDIT organises seminar series on Development Economics, acts as a point for collaborative research with other UK and overseas institutions and publishes research papers on topics central to its interests. A list of CREDIT Research Papers is given on the final page of this publication. Authors who wish to submit a paper for publication should send their manuscript to the Editor of the CREDIT Research Papers, Professor M F Bleaney, at: Centre for Research in Economic Development and International Trade, School of Economics, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UNITED KINGDOM Telephone (0115) 951 5620 Fax: (0115) 951 4159 CREDIT Research Papers are distributed free of charge to members of the...
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...cage, the antique vase from ancient Babylonian times and off course a bottle of wine that would knock even Donald Trump’s socks off. There is however a touch of dirtiness to the acquisition of these items and as I think back it brings a nervous yet satisfying smile to my face. My method of acquiring, smuggling and authenticating these banned and in some cases fine copies of valuable objects relied on my understanding of how foreign customs worked, identifying the loopholes that could be taken advantage of and a comprehension of the underground market. I have always been an admirer of Brazilian Big-Leaf Mahogany and was prepared to go the distance in order to acquire the desired amount. I discovered via my research that most of this mahogany in Brazil was grown in suburbs or farms that were a decent distance away from city centers. It only took a few hundred reals in order for me to get in touch with local mahogany grower. For the right price he seemed quite carefree to give me a portion of harvest. I then contacted a smuggling party I had already had a deal with to take the mahogany to the airport. Next came the...
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...Global Social Finance Research 02 May 2012 Volume Growth and Valuation Contraction Global Microfinance Equity Valuation Survey 2012 J.P. Morgan Global Research J.P. Morgan Social Finance Yasemin Saltuk Yasemin Saltuk AC (44-20) 7742-6426 (44-20) 7742-6426 yasemin.x.saltuk@jpmorgan.com yasemin.x.saltuk@jpmorgan.com J.P. Morgan Securities Ltd. J.P. Morgan Equity Research Frederic de Mariz (55-11) 4950-3398 frederic.de.mariz@jpmorgan.com Banco J.P. Morgan S.A. CGAP Jasmina Glisovic Henry González This report is the result of a collaborative effort between CGAP and J.P. Morgan. J.P. Morgan analysts are solely responsible for the investment opinions and recommendations, if any, in this report. See page 21 for analyst certification and important disclosures. J.P. Morgan does and seeks to do business with companies covered in its research reports. As a result, investors should be aware that See page 21 for important disclosures. the firm may have a conflict of interest that could affect the objectivity of this report. Investors should consider this report as only a single factor in making their investment decision. www.morganmarkets.com Global Microfinance Equity Valuation Survey 2012 Global Social Finance Research 02 May 2012 Background & Acknowledgements Equity capital flows into microfinance have been increasing for many years, with both retail and institutional investors showing interest in this sector of financial services. Despite this growth...
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...Research project: The relationship between: the annual growth rate of GDP per capita and the public expenditure in Latin America. F29 F33 F43 O19 My goal for this research project is to examine the relationships that exists in between the annual growth rate per capita and public expenditure in Latin America. What I wanted to see is if a higher growth rate of GDP meant that a higher percentage was spent in the public sector. Data was gathered from the ECLAC, The World Bank and also the International Monetary Fund. Introduction The reason I was very attracted in this research is because as someone born in South America and lately Latin America has been doing better than before, and visiting South America the past year I have seen how infrastructure has improved lately so I was very interested in seeing how big of a role public expenditure plays in countries that are developing. Expenditure on welfare, health and education are an essential part of what governments do to enhance the quality of life of their citizens and the human capital base of their societies. My focus on public and social expenditure in Latin America is mainly guided by the concern of how Governments utilizes existing policies and seeing how these theories and policies have helped increase Latin America’s GDP. In Latin America we find a great variation in social policy regimes; ranging from Uruguay and Argentina, where a large majority of the population is covered by social policy and has decent...
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