...by per capita gross domestic product, with a nominal per capita GDP of $67,384. Switzerland also has one of the world's largest account balances as a percentage of GDP, only placing behind a few oil producing countries. Zürich and Geneva have respectively been ranked as the cities with the second and third highest quality of life in the world. In 2010, World Economic Forum deemed Switzerland the world's most competitive country. II. Brief discussion of the country’s relevant history Switzerland’s geographical position with its transit routes over the Alps made it a desirable possession for European great powers through the ages. Switzerland developed slowly over many centuries, as more and more regions came together to form a loose confederation whose members gave each other mutual support. At times their different interests stretched the bonds between them almost to breaking point. It was only in 1848 that Switzerland became a more centralized federal state. This favored its economic development and ended any possibility that Switzerland might break up. III. Geographical setting A. Location Switzerland has an area of 41,285 square kilometers (15,940 square miles). The productive area - that is, the area without the lakes, rivers, unproductive vegetation and no vegetation at all - covers 30,753 square km (11,870 square miles). It measures 220 kilometers (137 miles) from north to south and 350 km (217 miles)...
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...to lay the foundations to apply the principles of social responsibility in Qatari companies, as well as developing recommendations to implement these standards locally. “The world is a big place and each of us has an important role to play in shaping what kind of world we live in. Vodafone Qatar’s market position as an innovator and leader brings with it a responsibility to conduct our business in an exemplary manner,” Maher stated. He declared that Vodafone Qatar is committed to using its position as a business leader to help build stronger communities, while accepting the challenge as individuals for each and every one to lead by example. “At Vodafone Qatar we believe that being a responsible company lies at the very heart of our purpose to make a world of difference for all people in Qatar,” Vodafone Qatar’s corporate responsibility head Luisa Gentile said. Corporate responsibility goes beyond just making money. It is about helping those less fortunate, using resources wisely and acting with honesty and integrity, she asserted. “Vodafone’s approach to CSR is guided by Qatar’s National Vision 2030 which aims to positively impact Qatar’s economy, society and natural environment,” Gentile added. Vodafone Qatar has launched several corporate responsible initiatives since it launched commercial services in 2009, it was pointed out. At the beginning of...
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...COLLEGE OF HUMANITIES Centre for Area and Cultural Studies (CACS) Minor in Area and Cultural Studies, Part 1: Introduction to Area and Cultural Studies _____________________________________________________________________________________________________ What are the implications of the government in entrepreneurship? -‐ A dive into the Swiss and Chinese situation. POPADIC Jovan, Information Systems Lausanne, academic year 2015 1. Introduction Entrepreneurship has been a widely addressed topic in the 20th century and many renowned economists have studied the subject. Schumpeter, who might be the most famous, links entrepreneurship to innovation and emphasizes on the importance of the entrepreneur in the economic development. Like Schumpeter, Clark (1899), Higgins (1959) or Leibenstein (1978) have studied the role of the entrepreneur ...
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...Medical Tourism-A Ray of Hope By R.V.Naveenan,Asst.Prof, T.John Institute of Management and Science Ph:9486129730,Email:naveenan.08mba@gmail.com Abstract Medical tourism is broadly defined as the act of traveling to obtain medical care in another country or region of the same country where specialized or economical medical care is available complemented with wellbeing and recuperation of acceptable quality with the help of support system. The World Health Organization (WHO) defines medical tourism as tourism associated with travel to health spas or resort destinations where the primary purpose is to improve traveler’s physical wellbeing through a process comprising physical exercises and therapy, dietary control, and medical services relevant to health maintenance. India has become a destination of choice for patients from all hemispheres as the destination of choice for a wide range of medical services and surgical procedures. In addition to the tangible expertise of medical and nursing staff, allied health services staff, the intangible compassionate care of support services staff draws patients to tertiary care hospitals in India. Equally important is the lower cost of world class treatment at a fraction of what it costs in the Western or so-called developed countries. In addition, there is no waiting period for any of the major surgical interventional procedures in the corporate hospitals in India. There are several dynamic internal and external factors which hinder medical...
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...result in being taken to a particular area (generally called a detention centre), either for interrogation, or as punishment for a crime (prison) The term can also be used in reference to the holding of property, for the same reasons. The process of detainment may or may not have been preceded or followed with an arrest. The prisoners in Guantánamo Bay are for example referred to as "detainees". Detainee is a term used by certain governments and their military to refer to individuals held in custody, such as those it does not classify and treat as either prisoners of war or suspects in criminal cases. It is used to refer to "any person captured or otherwise detained by an armed force."[1] More generally, it is "someone held in custody."[2] Article 9 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights states that, "No one shall be subjected to arbitrary arrest, detention or exile." In wars between nations, detainees are referenced in the Fourth Geneva Convention. ------------------------------------------------- Indefinite Detention: ------------------------------------------------- Indefinite detention of an individual occurs frequently in wartime under the laws of war. This has been applied notably by the United States after the September 11, 2001 attacks. Before the Combatant Status Review Tribunals, created for reviewing the status of the Guantanamo detainees, the United States has argued that the United States is engaged in a legally cognizable armed conflict to...
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...Federalist: The Federalists were originally those forces in favor of the ratification of the Constitution. A desire to establish a strong central government. Federalists felt strongly that the inability of the United States, operating under the Articles of Confederation, to implement protective tariffs had led to the uncontrolled flood of manufactured items that were depressing the new nation's economy. They pointed out that the European powers were not likely to negotiate thirteen separate commercial treaties, and that Britain was well served by letting the situation fester. The term "Federalist" was later applied to the emerging political faction headed by Alexander Hamilton in George Washington's administration. Revolution of 1800: Some observers have regarded Jefferson's election in 1800 as revolutionary. This may be true in a restrained sense of the word, since the change from Federalist leadership to Republican was entirely legal and bloodless. Nevertheless, the changes were profound. The Federalists lost control of both the presidency and the Congress. By 1800, the American people were ready for a change. Under Washington and Adams, the Federalists had established a strong government. They sometimes failed, however, to honor the principle that the American government must be responsive to the will of the people. They had followed policies that alienated large groups. For example, in 1798 they enacted a tax on houses, land and slaves, affecting every property owner in...
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...cultural activities. Though several scholars place the origins of globalization in modern times, others trace its history long before the European age of discovery and voyages to the New World. Some even trace the origins to the third millennium BCE. In the late 19th century and early 20th century, the connectedness of the world's economies and cultures grew very quickly. The term globalization has been in increasing use since the mid-1980s and especially since the mid-1990s. In 2000, the International Monetary Fund identified four basic aspects of globalization: trade and transactions, capital and investment movements, migration and movement of people and the dissemination of knowledge. Further, environmental challenges such as climate change, cross-boundary water, air pollution, and over-fishing of the ocean are linked with globalization. Globalizing processes affect and are affected by business and work organization, economics, socio-cultural resources, and the natural environment. Overview Humans have interacted over long distances for thousands of years. The overland Silk Road that connected Asia, Africa, and Europe is a good example of the transformative power of translocal exchange that existed in the "Old World". Philosophy, religion, language, the arts, and other aspects of culture spread and mixed as nations exchanged products and ideas. In the 15th and 16th centuries, Europeans made important discoveries in their exploration of the oceans, including the start of...
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...in a publication entitled Towards New Education where it denoted a holistic view of human experience in education.[8] A related term, corporate giants, was coined by Charles Taze Russell in 1897[9] to refer to the largely national trusts and other large enterprises of the time. By the 1960s, both terms began to be used as synonyms by economists and other social scientists. It then reached the mainstream press in the later half of the 1980s. Since its inception, the concept of globalization has inspired competing definitions and interpretations, with antecedents dating back to the great movements of trade and empire across Asia and the Indian Ocean from the 15th century onwards.[10] Due to the complexity of the concept, research projects, articles, and discussions often...
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...THE IMPACT OF GLOBALIZATION ON ADULT EDUCATION IN ONTARIO By MICHELLE P. SCOTT Integrated Studies Project submitted to Dr. Angela Specht in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts – Integrated Studies Athabasca, Alberta April, 2008 Abstract This project consists of two parts. The first section is a literature review of the following topics: Adult education, Ontario’s approach to Adult education, four different pedagogical approaches to Adult education (andragogy, self-directed learning, informal and incidental learning, and emotions and imagination), education and globalization. These areas were reviewed to identify key elements around Adult education, as well as for how contemporary globalization shapes Adult education. The second section is a research essay building off of the literature review. Andragogy, self-directed learning, informal and incidental learning and emotions and imagination were examined to determine if these adult education philosophies were being practiced in Ontario. Globalization’s impact is a force with widespread reach and implications. Education will be vital for survival in a global community. The effect of globalization on adult education in Ontario was investigated. The principles of andragogy, self-directed learning and informal and incidental learning are evident in Canadian and Ontario teaching practices; however, emotions and imagination are absent in this discourse. Michelle Scott MAIS 701 Adult...
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...------------------------------------------------- INTRODUCTION TO THE AMERICAN CONSTITUTION 7_4_2014 The idea is that there must be a tension between the different branches of the State power. This differs from the European style system because when you think about the normal situation where you have a prime minister, the reality is that in most countries, the PM becomes PM because he holds the majority in the legislative branch. So almost necessarily, the party who has the majority in the executive power also has it in the legislative power. In fact, Americans typically LIKE divided governments. If you want an example of that, just look at the last presidents of the US. Bill Clinton e.g. was a member of the Democratic Party while the congress was held by the Democratic Party as well. However, interestingly enough, that situation lasted only 2 years, after which the Americans decided to elect a republican president: Bush. The same happened more or less to Bush, and after that to Barack Obama. This is called the Fundamental Split between political parties. As part of that, what happened is that American people were able to express their ideas. They often like to have one party at power in the Congress and another party at power in the Government. What if a third party develops himself? One of the two parties will try to move towards the same ideas. They do have third party candidates in Congress, but their power is very small. It’s an idea that is embraced by the American...
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...theory and practice in the 1990s. A new conception of marketing will focus on managing strategic partnerships and positioning the firm between vendors and customers in the value chain with the aim of delivering superior value to customers. Customer relationships will be seen as the key strategic resource of the business. .^ ., OR the past two decades, some subtle changes in the concept and practice of marketing have been fundamentally reshaping the field. Many of these changes have been initiated by industry, in the form of new organizational types, without explicit concern for their underlying theoretical explanation or justification. On the academic side, prophetic voices have been speaking (Amdt 1979, 1981, 1983; Thorelli 1986; Van de Ven 1976; Williamson 1975) but seldom heard because, representing several different disciplines, they did not sing as a chorus. More basically, perhaps, few listeners were ready to hear the message or to do the intellectual work necessary to pull the several themes together. Like the Peruvian Indians who thought the sails of Ihe Spanish invaders on the horizon were some phenomenon of the weather and did nothing to prepare themselves for attack (Handy 1990). marketers may ignore some important information in their environment simply because it is not consistent with tlieir past experience. Frederick E, Webster, Jr,, is the E. B. Osborn Professor of Marketing and Faculty Director for Executive Education, Amos Tuck School of...
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...Bachelor of Commerce Best Business Research Papers | September 2008 | Volume 1 Faculty of Business University of Victoria, BSS Office, Room 283 PO Box 1700 STN CSC Victoria BC V8W 2Y2 Canada Phone (250) 472-4728 Fax (250) 721-7066 | www.business.uvic.ca Seeing new horizons. September 2008 | Volume 1 Bachelor of Commerce Best Business Research Papers Bachelor of Commerce Best Business Research Papers Volume 1, September 2008 Table of Contents NOTE FROM THE EDITOR Anthony Goerzen 1 THE DUTCH BUSINESS SYSTEM IN TRANSITION: AN APPLICATION OF WHITLEY’S BUSINESS SYSTEMS APPROACH FOR THE USE OF EXECUTIVES, MANAGERS, AND POLICY MAKERS Eric Brewis 2 SWENSEN’S MUST ENGAGE IN MARKET PENETRATION AND DIVERSIFICATION TO RETAIN ITS LEADING POSITION IN THE THAILAND MARKET Kailee Douglas 13 DISNEYLAND PARIS: EUROPEANIZING A RESORT Amanda Louie 22 IKEA: A STRATEGY FOR SUCCESS Garret Luu 31 COMPULSORY LICENSING IN THAILAND Simran Mann 38 CHANGING POVERTY AND INEQUITY THROUGH BUSINESS Matthew R. Tanner 47 SWEDEN IS A NESTING GROUND FOR YOUNG START-UP ENTREPRENEURS James Whyte 56 Note from the Editor In business today, “globalization” is a key concept with the firms across nations intertwined as never before. With overseas customers, suppliers, operations, and competitors, today’s managers need an international outlook. Therefore, the mission of the University of Victoria’s Bachelor of Commerce program is to...
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...THE CHANGING ROLE OF MARKETING IN THE CORPORATION Frederick E. Webster, Jr. For the past two decades, some subtle changes in the concept and practice of marketing have been fundamentally reshaping the field. Many of these changes have been initiated by industry, in the form of new organizational types, without explicit concern for their underlying theoretical explanation or justification. On the academic side, prophetic voices have been speaking (Arndt 1979, 1981, 1983; Thorelli 1986; Van de Ven 1976; Williamson 1975) but seldom heard because, representing several different disciplines, they did not sing as a chorus. More basically, perhaps, few listeners were ready to hear the message or to do the intellectual work necessary to pull the several themes together. Like the Peruvian Indians who thought the sails of the Spanish invaders on the horizon were some phenomenon of the weather and did nothing to prepare themselves for attack (Handy 1990), marketers may ignore some important information in their environment simply because it is not consistent with their past experience. The purpose of this article is to outline both the intellectual and the pragmatic roots of changes that are occurring in marketing, especially marketing management, as a body of knowledge, theory, and practice and to suggest the need for a new paradigm of the marketing function within the firm. First, the origins of the marketing management framework, the generally accepted paradigm of the marketing...
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...THE CHANGING TIMES | Asda has been dealing with a lot of stakeholders. How has Asda changed to satisfy their stakeholders? | The economic climate and how it has changed over the years. The influence of this climate on Asda. The effect different stakeholders have had on Asda and how they fulfilled their influences. Are the stakeholders satisfied? | 28-11-2013 28-11-2013 ARE YOU SATISFIED WITH ASDA? ARE YOU SATISFIED WITH ASDA? / ASDA HISTORY ASDA HISTORY * ASDA Group Ltd. operates as one of the largest food retailers in the United Kingdom. The company's stores sell a wide variety of merchandise including food and apparel, along with housewares, music, videos, and books. ASDA has approximately 259 stores in its arsenal--each averaging nearly 42,000 square feet with some as large as 100,000 square feet. * In 1958 two brothers, Peter and Fred Asquith, opened a supermarket and within five years they had a chain of self-service supermarkets that proved hugely popular. They offered “Permanent Reductions” and 8pm opening on Fridays. The Asquiths worked 18-hour days to meet demand but, despite their success, the brothers needed more financial backing to expand. In 1965 Associated Dairies and Asquiths did a deal to merge and create Asda Stores Ltd – the name being a marriage of the two parties: Asquith +Dairies. The new company bought the GEM chain in 1965, re-launching...
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...the course material for reference and practice. We wish you all the best in your endeavour for successful completion of the programme. Director Directorate of Distance Education Alagappa University Karaikudi, Tamilnadu. MBA PAPER 4.33 INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS SYLLABUS UNIT 1 Industrial Relations: Concept – Definition – Significance – Objectives – Scope – Approaches – Principles of good industrial relations – Role of State, Employers and the Unions in industrial relation. UNIT 2 Trade Unionism and Industrial Relations: Labour movement – Concepts – Trade union movement – Development of trade unionism in Indian – Functions and problems of trade unions. International Labour Movement – International Confederation of Free Trade Unions (ICFTU) – World Federation of Trade Unions (WFTC) – International Labour Organisations (ILO) – Origin, history, objectives and functions. UNIT 3 Industrial Disputes: Meaning – Causes – Forms – Industrial relations machinery – Joint consultation – Works...
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