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Physical Properties of Elements and Compounds

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TASK 1 – PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF SOME ELEMENTS AND COMPOUNDS
| |Test for |
| | |
|Substances | |
| |Electro |Thermal conductivity|Solubility – is it |Melting point? |Boiling point |
| |conductivity: does | |soluble in water? | | |
| |it conduct | | | | |
| |electricity? | | | | |
| | | | | | |
| |As solids |In solutions | | | | |
|Potassium chloride | |Slightly conductive | |__ |7700C |15000C |
|Sodium chloride | |Quite | |Soluble |14650C |8010C |
| | |Conductive | | |266900F |1473.40F |
|HCL | |Slightly conductive | |Soluble |-114.20C |- 85.050C |
|Glucose | |Slightly | |Soluble |1460C |1500C |
| | |Conductive | | |294.80F | |
|Sucrose | |Does not | |Soluble |1860C |------ |
| | |conduct | | |1473.40F | |
|Sodium Hydroxide | |Low | |Soluble |3180C |13900C |
| | |Conductivity | | | | |
|Copper |Very | |Highly |Insoluble |10830C |2567.00C |
| |Conductive | |Conductive | |19810F | |
|Aluminium |Highly | |Quite |Insoluble |660.30C |24670C |
| |conductive | |Conductive | |12180F | |
|Graphite |Quite | | |Insoluble |3652 – |42000F |
|carbon rod |Conductive | | | |36970C | |
|Sulfur |Quite | | |Insoluble |115.20C |444.60C |
| |Conductive | | | |235.00F | |
|Glass |Does not | | |Insoluble |15000C |-- |
| |Conduct | | | |27300F | |
|Wood |does not | | |Insoluble | | |
| |conduct | | | | | |
|Polythene |does not | | |Insoluble |1200C – |-- |
|(ruler) |conduct | | | |1300C | |
|Zinc | | |Low |__ |419.80C |9070C |
| | | |Conductivity | |787.10F | |
|Brass | | |Very |__ |9270C – |-- |
| | | |Conductive | |17000F | |
|Sand | | | |Soluble |17100C |22300C |
| | | | | |31100F |40460F |
| | | | | | | |

Which of the substances are metals?
Copper, Aluminium, Brass and Zinc. Glass is not a metal, it is an insulator. Glasses are referred to as amorphous metals. All metals conduct electricity and heat very well. Zinc does not hold on heat very well even thou it is a metal, which is why it is mainly used for insulating.
Which of the substances are non-metals?
Graphite, Sulfur, Wood, Plastic, Sand, Polythene, Glucose, and Sucrose.

TASK 2 – CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES: THEIR USES IN THE HOME
|Substances | |
| |Uses |
|COPPER |It is mostly used for electrical applications such as power generation & transmission, electrical equipment like, |
| |wiring and contacts for PCs, TVs & mobile phones, to carry current throughout trains, cars & lorries, due to its |
| |ability to conduct electricity very well. Its high thermal conductivity enables its use for cook wares and buildings |
| |(plumbing, roofing etc) |
|GRAPHITE |It is used to produce lead for writing pencils. Also used in steel industry as a liver for ladles and crucibles. Since|
| |it conducts electricity, it is used to make brushes for electric motors, generators and batteries |
|Poly(ethene) |Its insolubility allows it to used primarily in packaging, that is, production of plastic: bags, films, bottles; |
| |bullet proof vest, toys, ropes, nets etc. its inability to conduct electricity makes it used in various pipes, various|
| |pipes and cables. It is non-biodegradable. |
| |Is used in windows, vessels; bowls, vases, bottles, other containers, marbles, paperweight, beads, sculpture and |
|GLASS |installation. |
|Sodium chloride |This substance is used in the food industry for flavouring and preserving items, used at home for cooking. It is used |
| |in the industrial chemical, used on roads to melt ice, in medicine and livestock feed. Salt caverns are used to store |
| |petroleum and natural gas. |
|SUCROSE |It is used as both natural and economical sweetener, a starting material in the fermentative production of ethanol, |
| |butane, glycerol, citric and levulinic acids. Sucrose is used in the plastics and cellulose industry, manufacture of |
| |ink and transparent soaps. It is used in cereals, sodas, occurs naturally in most fruits and vegetables.l |

l

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