...horizontal. Objectives: To investigate the trajectory of a two dimensional motion. Apparatus and materials: Ramp, wooden block, pendulum bob, plumb line, steel ball, wooden board, carbon paper, meter ruler, plasticine. Setup: 1. A ramp was set up at the edge of a bench. 2. A plum-line is suspended from the edge of the bench. 3. A wooden board is mounted horizontally using two clamps so that the board is situated about the bottom of the ramp. 4. A sheet of blank paper is placed on top of the board. 5. A piece of carbon paper is placed on the top of the blank paper. The ink-side of the carbon paper is facing down. 6. When a ball was released from the top of the ramp, the ball travelled through a trajectory. Theory: Let: g= 9.80ms-2 u= speed of the ball as it leaves the ramp k= constant y= vertical distance (between the bottom of the ramp and the top of the board) x= horizontal distance (between the plum-line and mark on the paper) The equation which relates x and y is yx=g1+k2x2u2+k Procedure : 1. The ball was positioned at the top of the ramp. The ball was released so that it rolls down the ramp and onto the board below. 2. The carbon paper was removed and observation was done that the ball makes...
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...Physics Lab Report Sample Table of Contents CHAPTER 1 OBJECTIVE …………...……...………...............................3 | | CHAPTER 2 THEORY …………………………………………………...4 | | CHAPTER 3 PROCEDURE ……………………………………………...7 | | CHAPTER 4 4.1 DATA TABLE ………………………………………...9 | | 4.2 GRAPH ………………………………………………..10 | | CHAPTER 5 ANALYSIS …………………………………………………15 | | CHAPTER 6 ANSWERS AND COMMENTS …………………………..19 | | CHAPTER 7 CONCLUSION……………………….…………………….20 | | REFERENCES …………………………………………….21 | | LAB REPORT RUBRIC …………………………………..22 | | Chapter 1 Objective To determine the motion of the cart as it travels down the inverted ramp though the influence of gravitational attraction alone by plotting the velocity per unit-time graph. Chapter 2 Theory Motion: In physics, motion is a change in position of an object with respect to time. Motion is typically described in terms of velocity, acceleration, displacement, and time. Motion is observed by attaching a frame of reference to a body and measuring its change in position relative to another reference frame. A body which does not move is said to be at rest, motionless, immobile, stationary, or to have constant (time-invariant) position. An object's motion cannot change unless it is acted upon by a force, as described by Newton's first law. An object's momentum is directly related to the object's mass and velocity, and the total momentum of all objects in...
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...Efficiency of a Ramp By: Tony Akiki Partner: Nikolas Dobson Teacher: Mr. Devine Class: SPH3U1 School: Saint Johns Collage Date Concluded: June 10, 2016 Due Date: June 17, 2016 Question: How does the angle of inclination on a ramp affect the efficiency of the ramp? Hypothesis: I believe that the steeper the ramp is the more work you have to put in to push it up making to less efficient. If the angle of the ramp is very low, then you will have to put less force into it. This makes sense because if the angle of the ramp is close to 90 degrees the closer it is to free fall. This means that there is nothing under the cart to support it and the only thing preventing the cart from falling is the force of you holding it up in the air, which means that it will take the most force. To conclude the closer, the angle of the ramp is to 90 degrees the more force you will have to put into it to push it up which means that you are getting more work done and thus making it more efficient. Experimental Design: A chair and a piece of wood served as the ramp. A cart flipped on its back with weights attached to it and a newton scale served as the object that had to be pulled up the ramp. The data collected in this experiment will show us how efficient the ramp is at different angles. Table #1: Variables Controlled | Dependent | Independent | * Time of day * Person pulling * Length of ramp * The speed the object is getting pulled up by | * How efficient the ramp is | ...
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...the dominos at once. Select the previously drawn domino piece, and then open the Spacing Tool in Tools (Tools > Align > Spacing Tool). Click the “Pick Path” button, and select the line. Settings for Spacing Tool must be as follow: a. Spacing = 2.54cm b. Type of Object = Instance c. Under Context, depending on the scene/line, click on “Follow” to see if the dominos align with the line properly. The dominos are then adjusted accordingly to the scene below by using the line drawn. 4. To create slides/ramp for the balls, a Helix is drawn. The Helix is then adjusted to fit the scene as you require. Then, a Rectangle line is drawn and added vertices with the refine function under geometry. The Rectangle is then adjusted to look like the shape of a proper slide/ramp. Then, under Compound Objects, select Loft, and select Get Shape. Click on the Rectangle line which have been drawn as the picture below. 5. Copy the slides/ramps and get put it at...
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...GRAPHS AND EQUATIONS (Using Work and Kinetic Energy) Joanne Gambon, Cheska Santos, Kim Urbano, Anna Veluz Abstract The researchers are tasked to perform an experiment involving force, work, and Kinetic energy. To perform the experiment, the researchers used graphing software to record their graphs, a dynamic cart, a pulley, ramp and a set of weights. The researchers started with gathering the data by attaching the cart to a pulley that is attached to a weight holder. Different weights are attached to determine its effect on the cart. The researchers then analyzed and computed the remaining data to get their desired variables. The researchers also graphed the obtained values for force vs. work and kinetic energy vs. work to compare the data. I. Introduction A force is a push or pull upon an object resulting from the object's interaction with another object. Whenever there is an interaction between two objects, there is a force upon each of the objects. When the interaction ceases, the two objects no longer experience the force.[1] When a force acts upon an object to cause a displacement of the object, it is said that work was done upon the object. There are three key ingredients to work - force, displacement, and cause. In order for a force to qualify as having done work on an object, there must be a displacement and the force must cause the displacement.[2] Kinetic energy is the energy of motion. An object that has motion - whether it is vertical or horizontal...
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...One of the most well-known names in history, Galileo Galilei was a pioneer in astronomy, mathematics and physics. Alive during an age of new ideas, Galileo was an undisputed leader of the scientific revolution. Pioneering in the fields of celestial observation, heliocentrism, and kinematics, amongst a plethora of others, he made a lasting impression on the world. This impression was not always in his favor, though, leaving him the victim of a Catholic Church reeling from the Protestant Reformation, who sentenced him to house arrest for his work. Galileo’s life and scientific work was shaped by the times that he lived in, first by inspiring and aiding his discoveries, and then by hindering his further exploration. Born in the northern Italian...
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...incline. 1 Determine the mathematical relationship between the angle of an incline and the acceleration of the cart. 2 Determine the value of free fall acceleration, g, by extrapolating the acceleration vs. sine of track angle graph. 3 Determine if an extrapolation of the acceleration vs. sine of track angle is valid. Materials: * Computer * Vernier computer interface. * Logger Pro. * Vernier Motion Detector. * Dynamics cart. * Meter stick. * Ramp. * Books. Procedure: 1. Connect the Motion Detector to the DIG/SONIC 1 channel of the interface. 2. Place a single book under one end of a 1 – 3 m long board or track so that it forms a small angle with the horizontal. Adjust the points of contact of the two ends of the incline, so that the distance, x, in Figure 1 is between 1 and 3 m. 3. Place the Motion Detector at the top of an incline. Place it so the cart will never be closer than 0.4 m. 4. Open the file “04 g On An Incline” from the Physics with Vernier folder. 5. Hold the cart on the incline about 0.5 m from the Motion Detector. 6. Click to begin collecting data; release the cart after the Motion Detector starts to click. Get your hand out of the Motion Detector path quickly. You may have to adjust the position and aim of the Motion Detector several times before you get it right. Adjust and repeat this step until you get a good run showing approximately constant slope on the velocity vs. time graph during the rolling...
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...Physics Lab 4 Part 1: Friction Parabola Track 3a. Kinetic energy is the highest when the skate board has reached its lowest point. 3b. Kinetic energy is the lowest when in the middle of the drop. 4a. Potential energy is the highest when the skate board has reached the highest point. 4b. Potential energy is lowest when in the middle of the drop. 5a. Total energy is the highest when potential energy is at its highest point. 6. The value of thermal energy is 0 only when potential energy is highest. David Del Rio Physics PH 2530 Lab 4 Energy 04/06/2015 Part 1: Loop Track 8. When a skateboarder moves, what happens to the kinetic and potential energy? Conservative (closed) or non-conservative (open) system? - Kinetic energy rises as the skateboarder moves downward. -potential energy rises as the skateboarder moves up. - Non-Conservative 9. Where is the skateboarder at on the ramp when he reaches the maximum point of potential energy? 4546.93 11. m = 76./kg The skateboarders mass = 76 kg 12a. calculated mass = 76 kg 12b. Actual mass 75 kg 12c. Comparison = .98% 13. When the coefficient is adjusted half way the kinetic energy decreases to 0 as to the potential energy decreases and finally stabilizes. - This is a closed system. Part 2: Friction Parabola Track 2a. kinetic energy is highest when the skaters’ board is at the lowest point 2b. in the middle of the drop the kinetic energy is highest. 3a. potential energy is the highest when the skaters’...
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...Holt Physics—Chapter 5: Work and Energy Price I. Section 5.1—Work A. Definition of work 1. Work does not mean the same thing in Physics as it does in the everyday sense of the word. 2. Work is defined as a force causing a displacement. Work = force x displacement W = Fd 3. Work is NOT done on an object unless the displacement is greater than zero 4. The only forces that are considered to do work are those that are parallel to the displacement. 5. For this reason we use our trigonometric functions to calculate forces applied at an angle. Insert Fig 5-2 6. Note that Θ is the angle between the applied force and the displacement. 7. Work is described in Newtons x meters (force x displacement). The unit of work is the Joule (J) 8. 1 Newton meter = 1 Joule 9. Work is a vector with both direction AND magnitude. This means WORK CAN BE NEGATIVE! 10. Negative work is most commonly used to slow an object down or decrease its velocity. II. Section 5-2: Energy A. Kinetic Energy 1. Kinetic energy is associated with an object in motion. 2. Kinetic energy depends on speed and mass Kinetic Energy = ½mv2 3. Kinetic energy is a scalar and will use Joules as...
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...Many car drivers find out the hard way that the posted speed limit is meant for optimum road surface and driving conditions. The same is true for commercial or owner operator truck drivers except that there are many more circumstances for them to watch for. Driving too fast for the road conditions or in situations that are adverse to trucks can lead to an accident. Here are three of them: Slippery Pavement This category includes wet pavement as well as snow and ice conditions. Although wet pavement doesn't cause slipping and sliding when walking on it, you will find it slippery when braking to avoid an accident and during swerve maneuvers. Your weight and your trailer increase your braking distance, and if you aren't careful, a jackknife...
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...Name: Graceana Kai Physics: Inertial and Non- inertial frames of reference (rotating frames of reference) ICU PAGES 134 and 108 Date: 2013-06-15 What is relative motion? It is simply a way of saying that sometimes different people will say different things about the motion of the same object. Mind you this is not because one of these people is wrong but because these people have different frames of reference. Now this brings us to another interesting terminology, frame of reference, what is frame of reference, well, this is a coordinate system relative to which motion of an object can be observed or a coordinate system used to represent and measure properties of objects in motion, you can use frames of reference to measure velocity displacement etc. To break it down further for those of you who find it difficult to understand this definition we can say a frame of reference can be thought of as a spot where you are doing your measurements or observation of a moving object. The best way to see how this is possible is to look at some examples. Below is an example: Let us say that I am standing at the back of a stationary wagon and my friend Lindsey is standing on a side walk, and I am throwing stones, each stone is thrown at 15 m/s. if you ask me at what speed I am throwing the stones at, I will say 15 m/s and if you ask Lindsey who is beside me on the side walk she will also say the stones are being thrown at 15 m/s. Secondly, the Wagon starts to move forward at constant...
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...long before the days of Tesla and SpaceX. Currently worth about $11.4 Billion (Forbes, 2016), the self-made billionaire who is currently the founder of some of the most advanced tech companies in the world, was once just a man with a dream and not a penny in his pocket. In an interview with famous astrophysicist, Neil deGrasse Tyson, Musk explained how fascinated he was as a freshman at Queen’s University in Ontario and how he could help shape the future of humanity through the internet, energy, efficiency and space exploration (Feloni, Richard, 2015). In 1992, Musk Left Queen’s University to study business and physics at the University of Pennsylvania. He graduated with an undergraduate degree in economics and stayed for a second bachelor’s degree in physics. After leaving Penn, Elon Musk headed to Stanford University in California to pursue a Ph.D. in energy physics. However, his move was timed perfectly with the Internet boom, and he dropped out of Stanford after just two days to become a part of it, launching his first company, Zip2 Corporation (Biography.com, 2016). At 28 Musk sold his first startup, Zip2 to a division of Compaq computers which led to the founding of x.com in 1999, SpaceX in 2002 and Tesla motors in 2003. An online city guide, Zip2 provided content for the new Web sites of both the New York Times and the Chicago Tribune, and in 1999, a division of Compaq Computer Corporation bought Zip2 for $307 million in cash and $34 million in stock options (Biography...
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...|Winthrop | STANDARD OPERATING PROCEDURE |Procedure No 3 | |University | | | |Dept of Chemistry,| Operation of High Speed Centrifuges | Page | |Physics and | | | |Geology | | | | | | 1-3 | | Prepared By | |Date | |Jason C. Hurlbert April| |13, 2010 ...
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...Chapter 2 Galileo’s Great Discovery: How Things Fall Galileo Galilei (1564–1642), the famous Italian mathematician at the leading edge of the scientific revolution that was to sweep Europe, was curious about motion. He was an experimentalist who for the first time had the insight and talent to link theory with experiment. He rolled balls down an inclined plane in order to see how things fell toward the Earth. He discovered in this way that objects of any weight fell toward the Earth at the same rate – that they had a uniform acceleration. He surmised that if they fell in a vacuum, where there was no air resistance to slow some objects more than others, even a feather and a cannon ball would descend at the same rate and reach the ground at the same time. He also explored the motion of pendulums and other phenomena. He is perhaps most famous for his 1610 telescopic discoveries of the moving moons of Jupiter, the phases of Venus, and the craters of the moon, all of which convinced him, against the ages-old wisdom of Aristotle and of the Catholic Church, of the rightness of the Copernican heliocentric view of the solar system. In his investigations of motion, Galileo was the first clearly to understand that the forces acting upon objects could be broken into independent components; that a thrown stone had a force pulling it down as well as the force throwing it horizontally outward. These insights would be of great use to Isaac Newton, born the year Galileo died, in devising the...
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...Regenerative Brakes INTRODUCTION: Stop... start... stop... start. If you make a habit of driving in city traffic, you'll know it can be a huge waste of time. What's less obvious is that it's also a huge waste of energy. Getting a car moving needs a big input of power, and every time you hit the brakes all the energy you've built up disappears again, wasted in the brake pads as heat. Wouldn't it be good if you could store this energy somehow and reuse it next time you started to accelerate? That's the basic concept of regenerative brakes.What are they? How do they work? Let's take a closer look! Why does braking waste energy? [pic] If you get about town on a bicycle, it's very obvious that braking is a huge waste of energy. You have to peddle to get yourself going, and each time you brake and come to a standstill you waste all the momentum you've gained. Next time you want to move off, you have to start from scratch all over again. Put your hands anywhere near the brake pads on a bicycle and you'll know exactly where the energy goes: each time you brake and the rubber pads clamp on the wheel, friction between rubber and metal converts the energy you had when you were moving into heat, which disappears uselessly into the air, never to be seen again. (WARNING: Be very careful if you try this because brakes can get really hot!) Car drivers are pretty much oblivious to the energy that braking wastes because driving doesn't require any real, physical...
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