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Physics Basics

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Submitted By Tahieshaw
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Scalars are quantities that have magnitude only; they are independent of direction. Vectors have both magnitude and direction. The length of a vector represents magnitude. Scalars:-- temperature; (68 degrees, no direction) -- cost; ($37.50, Velocity is an example because you have magnitude and a direction (for example 30 m/s in the +x direction). Weight is a vector quantity because you have a force (the weight), and a direction (directed towards the center of the earth

When sitting on a chair, your body exerts a force on the chair and the chair exerts an equal force back if the chair didn't exert the same force you would fall on your butt. Newtons third law states that when you apply a force on an object the object applies the same force back in the opposite direction. For every action there is an equal and opposite reaction.

(A)Action; hammer hits nail. Reaction; nail hits hammer. (B) Action; Earth gravity pulls the book down. Reaction; the ground pushes up on the book. (C) Action; helicopter blade pushes air downward. Reaction; air pushes helicopter blade upward.

Because of Newton's Third Law, I know the wall reacts by pushing back the same amount of forcewhich is a force of 30 N.
From Newton's Second Law,

F = ma
A = F / m a = (30 N) / (60 kg) a = 0.5 m/s2

Wa1
A. Aristotle: in order for An object in motion to stay in motion a force must act on it Galileo: When friction is absent, a moving object needs no force to keep it moving. It will remain in motion all by it self. Newton: An object at rest tends to stay at rest until acted upon by an outside force. Aristotle belived that force was necessary for an object to continue to move while Galileo and Newton believe an object in motion will stay in motion unless an outside force stops it.
B. Aristotle would say that the ball was striving to reach its "natural state" of rest. Galileo would say that

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