...The Great Plains— To the Point Geography- West of the MS River *1800 Territory in the plains included North Dakota & South Dakota, Nebraska, and states such as Texas * Great Plains had very hot summers and very cold winters, very rainfall which droughts few sources of water very few trees - conditions not fit for farming *Before the late 1800s U.S. settlers did not settle the plains. Farming The Plains *Farming the plains was difficult * Gov’t encourage settlement by passing the Homestead Act -$160 acres -$10 registration fee - live on farm land for 5 yrs *Houses was made of sod because of lack of trees Farming Technologies - Cast Iron wingmill- allowed them to pump waterfrom wells. - Steel plow- to wooden plow would break in dry hard earth of the plains Cattle Industry Mechanical binder- tied and cut the grains or crops simultaneously - barbed wire- replaced wooden fences Rise of cattle industry -abundance of cattle in Great Plain -herd of cattle numbering about 2,500 were taken on long drive (cattle trails such as the chilsoln trail which was San Antonio, Texas to Abliene, Kansas) to Ship stations in Kansas and Missouri -African American Cowhand- Nat Love Decline Of cattle industry -overgrazing -overproduction costs the product to drop -weather (droughts, blizzards) -barbed wire led to development of cattle ranches ...
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...The Carrizo Plain SCI 256 02FEB2013 The Carrizo plain is a large enclosed grassland area that is approximately 50 miles long and 15 miles across. Its location is in California spread between the Kern and San Luis Obispo counties. The Carrizo plains national monument is the single largest native grasslands that remain in California. Its unique ecosystem is home to much wildlife and has the largest concentration of some of the most endangered species of animals in California. The San Andres fault line runs through the plains and is unique because of the ease on is able to view the fractures of the fault from the plains floor. The plains are home to many archeological sites as well that have been named national historic landmarks. The Geography of the Carrizo plains has a lot of diversity. It lies in the valley in between tow mountain ranges, the Caliente range on south west and the temblor range on the north east. One of the major features in this ecosystem is Soda Lake. This is the only closed basins in the southern California coastal ranges; all other valleys have drainage to the sea. The water runoff soda lake comes from the Carrizo and carries sediment from the basin into it. The lake is a shallow ephemeral, alkali Endothecia Lake, which means it’s a short lived closed basin the high alkali level. The water and surrounding areas are home to many creatures to include brine and fairy shrimp as well as lots of migratory nesting birds as well as the salt bush which thrives...
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...The lives of the plain Indians were positively affected by the technological development and government actions in the latter half of the 19th century, due to the simulation of Plain Indians in American culture in the reservation. However, the government funded transcontinental railroads; removal of Indians on to reservations, the encouragement for colonization in the west had catastrophic effect, and the effects and conflicts due to assimilation. Therefore, the negative impact by technological development would affect them for years to come. The transcontinental railroad brought unity to the United States linking the East with the West. However, this transformation was cataclysmic for the Plain Indians living the west. The federal government...
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...How did the Indians survive on the Great Plains? There were many factors that contributed to the way in which the Native Indians were able to survive on the Great Plains. In the 1840’s to late 19th century the Great Plains were known as one of the hardest place for people to be able to survive on. One of the main problems on the Plains was the extreme weather conditions. In the summer it would be extremely hot and then in the winter it was extremely cold. However the Indian fought against this adapting their lifestyles to be able to build stronger and survive. Firstly the Indians homes were made to be well adapted to suit the extreme conditions of the Great Plains. For example all year round there were hazardous winds. In the winter there was blizzards and freezing temperatures and in the summer it was extremely hot causing both the land and rivers to dry up. Buy creating the tipi it helped the Indians to survive on the tipis because it was designed to be able to withstand the different temperatures and weather of the West. The tipis conical shape meant that it was strong enough to be able to resist the strong winds. Also due to the dramatic temperature the tipi was created with ears that could be moved to direct the wind in the summer the tipis bottom could be rolled up to let the air in to cool the tipi down and in the winter it could be banked with earth to keep the heat in. Secondly family life was very important to the Indians because every person had a role that they...
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...Dust Bowl:The Southern Plains in the 1930’s The Southern Plains Dust Bowl covered more than 100 million acres, coming from the East Coast, States that are near the Panhandle. The southern Plains States that were effected by the Dust Bowl are Texas, Oklahoma, Kansas, Colorado, and New Mexico. When the Dust Bowl rolled into all of these States it was the hardest thing that farmers, and everyone who lived in these states had been through. The dust storm was caused by a major drought, and wind erosion. Some of the States got it worse than some, Oklahoma and Kansas were the two that got hit the hardest during the 1930’s. In the book Dust Bowl, The Southern Plains in the 1930’s, written by David Worster it says, “The Dust Bowl was the darkest...
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...Joshua Shelley Professor Stuckart Anthropology 105 25 November 2014 Plains Indian Ledger Book Art Ledger books began to see widespread use as a medium for recording the military record, history, literature, art, and spirituality of Plains Indians in the 1860s (Low 2006:86). As the buffalo hides that were traditionally used to record personal and cultural achievements became increasingly rare, Plains Indians found the ledger books used by traders and military officers to be a convenient and portable reincarnation (Berlo 1990:133). This is also a period of cultural upheaval, in which Native Americans begin to be forcibly removed from their ancestral lands and relocated onto reservations. Therefore, ledger art from this timeframe is important...
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...The Legend of Makahiya Long time ago, there was a couple in Barangay Masagana (Pampanga today) who wanted a daughter. Their wish was granted and the wife gave birth to a baby girl. They called her Maria. Maria was very beautiful but very shy that she wouldn't go out from their house. Weeks later, Spaniards came to their town. The Spaniards were very cruel that they get everything they wanted. They rob houses and kill everyone who gets in their way and who refuses to give what they wanted. The couple was very frightened to lose their daughter so, they hid Maria in the bushes so the Spaniards couldn't find her. After the Spaniards left their town, the couple tried to look for Maria but they couldn't find her even in the bushes where they hid her, instead they found a little plant that is very sensitive that when you touch it, it would immediately close. So they thought it was their daughter, Maria. They called " the plant "Makahiya that means "touch me not," like their daughter who was very shy The Legend of Lanao Lake In ancient Lanao, there once lived a giant called Umacaan. He was so enormous that when he spread his arms side ward, they spread as far as thirty kilometers apart. Almost anything was within easy reach, best of all, men whom he loved to eat. Men flee at the sight of him. No one dared come out to the mountains for fear of losing their lives at the hands of the man-eating giant. In no time, news about Umacaan reached as far as the kingdom of Bumbaran...
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...that have succeeded in surviving despite the odds and then there are the stories of those who didn’t succeed. Both cultures build upon bonding born from the hardship of working the soil in rural America, but only one of these cultures has found a way to liberate its people and share the truths associated with those struggles. Maya Angelou speaks to the African American Culture in her work “Reclaiming our Home Place”. She captures the tragic yet rich history of the America’s south and how celebrating this history as a culture has set the once enslaved African American free. (Angelou) Further to the northwest, based in the rural by-ways of America is the story of the people who claimed the plains as their heritage as told by Kathleen Norris in “Can you Tell the Truth in a Small Town?” The plains and her people’s culture faced very different struggles and remain bound to secret societies of shame and shared silent failures which challenge and threaten the loss of their historical heritage. (Norris) Slavery has existed, in one form or...
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...|Plain English Examples |Appendix B | | | | | | This appendix contains “before” and “after” examples from participants in the Division of Corporation Finance’s plain English pilot. The Division’s staff added marginal notes to show how aspects of the plain English rules apply to specific documents. These annotated examples are excerpted from the booklet, Before & After Plain English Examples and Sample Analyses, prepared by the Division of Corporation Finance. Although we revised the presentation and wording of the marginal notes in this appendix, the filings remain identical to those from the booklet. To get a complete copy of the book-let, please call the SEC’s public reference room at (202) 942-8090. Differences between the proposed and final amendments to Item 501 When the issuers prepared these documents, they relied on staff interpretations for filings in the plain English pilot and the proposed amendments to Item 501. The following information was not required under Item 501 as proposed, but this information is required under Item 501 as adopted: • the market(s) and the trading symbol; • the underwriter’s over-allotment or similar option, if applicable; • a prominent cross-reference to the risk factors section including the page number; ...
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...The Plain People LaNise L. Heath ANT 101 Introduction to Cultural Anthropology Professor Rachel Grabner October 15, 2012 The Plain People The mere mention of the Amish people brings about intrigue, wonder, and the nostalgia of days gone by. The Amish are a religious group that split from the Mennonites, an Anabaptist group that was severely persecuted in Europe. These people came to America and Canada during the Protestant Reformation. The Amish were founded by a Swiss Anabaptist leader, Jacob Amman. The Amish in 1693 split from the Mennonites because they believed in a much stricter allegiance to the total shunning of banished church members (Encyclopedia of Medical Anthropology: Health and Illness in the World’s Cultures, 2004). As time has gone on the ways of the Amish people has continued to cause them to stand out. Some of the ways that they vary from the world around them are the plainness of clothing; religious beliefs, farming techniques, transportation choice of horse and buggy, education, and the lack of use of modern conveniences make this group stand out now and in the past (Crowley, 1978, pp. 249-264). The Amish are primarily an agricultural society who is ruled by church districts that make the decisions on what changes will be made in that districts way of life. By looking at the Amish way of life we will discuss gender relations, beliefs and values, and their social organization and see how these areas are impacted by their agricultural...
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...In the past, most rewarding systems have been geared to the individual employee. However, with the emergence of teams in most of today’s organizations, systems are being revamped to reward teamwork. A good example is Behlen Manufacturing Company in Columbus, Nebraska. The 1,100 mostly production employees are organized into 32 teams. Some of these teams have only a handful of members, whereas others have as many as 60. Although each individual receives a base-pay component, which comes to about $8 an hour, the rest of the compensation is variable and is determined in a number of different ways, including how one’s team is performing. The centerpiece of the manufacturing company’s variable–reward plan is gain sharing, an increasingly popular form of compensation whereby all members share a usually fixed percentage of the documented saving or performance gain accomplished by the team. Behlen employees can earn monthly gain sharing of up to $1 an hour when their teams meet productivity goals. The CEO explained this team reward system as follows: “If you’re in a group that makes stock tanks, for example, from the start of the process to the end of the process, over all shifts, all month long, if the team achieves certain levels of productivity, each of its members is rewarded anywhere from 0 cents to $ 1 an hour for every hour worked in that area. ”Documentation of the gains is based on actual pounds of products, so that everyone on the team knows exactly how well their team...
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...Metaphors Essay Angelica Encalada PHL/251 July 20, 2015 Deeadra Albert-Green Metaphors Essay The metaphor vs plain language. There are so many thoughts going through your mind can you really explain it in your own words? This is where metaphors come to place. Metaphor is a figure of speech in which a word or phrase is applied to an object or action to which it is not literally applicable. (Google) Metaphors can help explain something to make it more understanding. For example, my cousin is the black sheep of the family. He really is not black nor is a sheep. A black sheep is an unusual animal that you do not usually see with the herd. My cousin is never around and when he is, he stays behind. He and the black sheep share the same characteristics, therefore, I use the metaphor, and he is the black sheep in the family. Another type of metaphor is called a conventional metaphor. These types of metaphors are sometimes constructed through our common language. Another example, someone who loves the nightlife would be referred to a ‘night owl’ versus someone who is the first one up in the morning and can take on the day with no coffee would be referred to being an early bird. Plain language unlike metaphors is clear. The language is designed for the reader to understand complete and clear as possible. Some people refrain from using plain language since it would be out of their comfort zone so they use metaphor to make their statement more understanding. The metaphor...
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...* Heavy reliant * Pacific coast * Great lakes * Great plains How did hgf peoples obtain food? Some consequences * Mobility * Seasonality of food * Annual migration cycles * Wild plants and animals * Lack of domestication=reduced disease resistance * Acquired immunity * Genetic immunity How did this subsistence strategy structure society? * Clan size=small * Flat social structure=not hierarchical * Kinship unites bands * Loose affiliations * Gendered division of labor * Usufruct property rights=right to use, not to own How did Pawnee Indians rely on hgf lifeways? Where did Plains people come from? * Clovis peoples arrive on Plains 9,000 BC * Plains people/culture emerge from these early arrivals * Simultaneously other culture groups emerge across the Americas * Each defined by culture, language, geographic boundaries, etc How did the Plains peoples mode of production develop? * 9000 BC = Climate Warms * Bison hunting flourishes on Plains > plainsmen culture * 5000-2500 BC=Drought * plainsmen abandon plains. Move west to rocky mountains * 500 BC-AD 1000 * emergence of eastern plains what peoples and cultures over time emerged on the plains? How did the Pawnee arrive in the Loup Valley? * AD 1200-Pawnee ancestors migrate east during dry period from high plains to Loup Valley * Maintain...
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...the American Civil War many cowboys went off to fight for the | |Cattle in Texas reproduced and when the cowboys returned there were 5 million| |south against the north. | |cattle. | | | | | |Demand for beef in the East meant that cattle could be sold for $50 | |Homesteaders stopped cattlemen who tried to drive their cattle across the | |per head as opposed to $5 in Texas. | |Plains. They did not want their animals catching Texas fever or their crops | | | |damaged. | | | | | |Charles Goodnight and his business partner, Oliver Loving drove a | |The construction of the Transcontinental Railway (completed 1869) solved this| |cattle herd up to a US army fort to sell beef. This journey led to | |problem as cattle could be transported more easily to the East. | |the Goodnight-Loving...
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...Catherine Jones HST-143-D040/Professor Quirk The West January 21, 2016 Moving and settling on the Great Plains during the nineteenth century was no easy task. There were many hardships involved in the laborious task of the moving process and even more involved in building and maintaining a home. The fact that the settlers were moving to the Great Plains added even more difficulties to the task because of its climate and geography. One of the hardships that settlers faces was that there were few building materials on the Great Plains. They usually constructed their houses out of sod which was less than ideal. Sod houses allowed bugs and animals to easily dig through the walls and it also leaked water into the homes very easily. These sod homes also allowed very little light or even air to pass into them. Other hardships included their isolation from one another, the unfortunate use of manure as fuel for fire because of the lack of wood, the dry climate of the Great Plains, and as a result of the climate, the lack of water. Settlers could not plant crops because the ground was too dry and the climate was too humid, that and the fact that there was the lack of water. This forced the settlers to build windmills just so they could pump water. There was also the obstacle of having a lack of money. Since the settlers were so isolated from one another that meant there were no nearby businesses or places of work for settlers to earn money. This lack of money meant living in sparse...
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