...Briana Tran AP Biology August 17, 2014 Basil Seed Experiment Lab Report I. Abstract: Temperature, sunlight, and water affect the growth of plants. However, what if the manipulation of basil seeds itself also affects its growth? Generally, basil seeds require 5-10 days for it to germinate. Germination is the process of when a seed first sprouts from the seedling. In addition, for the basil seeds to receive full exposure to the sunlight, moving them from the East side of the house to the West side of the house is required each day. The purpose of this experiment is to observe whether different treatments on basils seeds before they are planted, affect the length of time they germinate compared to one that is untreated. After the...
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...Unfortunately, people living in urban places don’t have backyards. There are a few plants that will grow with only one light in a windowless office or a one-room apartment whose single window faces into an air shaft. (House Plants, 1975) Artificial lighting is the answer for almost any kind of plant that can be grown if enough artificial light is provided, even in situations where no other light is available. Artificial lights allow regular people to plant whole gardens in places where no plant would ordinarily grow. A lesson in cell metabolism-energy and photosynthesis mentions that “chlorophyll absorbs most red, orange, blue, and violet light. It reflects green and yellow light, giving its body a green coloring”. This statement got the researchers curious and wondered if plants act differently to the green and yellow colors of light, then they should have different reactions and effects to every color of light. (Capco C., Yang G., 2010). This study aimed to find if there exist a significiant difference in the growth of plants when exposed to different colors of light specifically red, yellow, green, blue, and white. In this case, the researchers chose the mongo plant since it grows quickly and the researchers can quickly gather the needed data immediately. B. Statement of the Problem This study determined and compared the effect of different colors of light on the growth of mongo plants. Furthermore, it addressed the following...
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...Jezrelle Anne B. Butor, Christian Aris R. Dagami, Danielle Amber M. De Guia, Alyssa Eunice G. Abstract This investigation focuses on how the ROYGBIV colored cellophanes can affect the plant growth of each plant. This research paper contains the different functions of colored light waves to a plant that may help for better and healthier plant growth. The light can affect the plants by using different color of light waves. Each color has different function and uses but it depends to what color is the light will be used. As we all know, we need sunlight in order the plant to grow but in this research we can therefore conclude that plants can also grow without the presence of sunlight but instead we can use the ROYGBIV colored cellophane light waves in order the plant to grow. Also, we wanted to avoid the use of chemical fertilizers because it can affect the environmental issues and human health in a negative way. By avoiding the use of it we can attain the safety of our health and to avoid the negative effect in the plants and organisms that balance the organisms. Upon trying many colors of light waves, we have proven that the red and blue colors have the greatest impact on the plant growth, while the green light appear to be the least effective because it only gives color green to the plants. We need to follow the correct process on how to use the light waves or otherwise, we can’t make this experimentation to be successful. Acknowledgement This investigatory project won’t...
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...CHAPTER III I. Review of Related Literature and Studies In daily life, many phenomena supporting the claim that plants acknowledge and respond to music have been observed. For example, in the Dai minority autonomy in Xishuang Banna of China, there is a type of legume grass whose 2 small symmetric leaves on its main leaf cushion dance rhythmically to harmonious music. Interestingly, it does not show any response if blown or caressed with hands. (Hou and Mooneyham, 1999) Therefore, it is natural to assume that the effects of music, and thus sound, on plants, might be beneficial, instead of merely “dancing”. A good gauge of this is plant growth, which can be measured in a number of ways: number, size and weight of fruits, storage duration and photosynthetic ability of the leaves, among other methods. Researches on these variables have been carried out since the first commercial experiment in 1972 by Charnoe, who studied the effects of sound waves on budding of barley. Subsequently, Carlson of the United States of America treated various crops and vegetables with high frequency sound waves (Spillane, 1991), and the Xian Tuo company in Osaka, Japan, has treated vegetables with classical music (Xiao Hai, 1990). Reports of the growth of many record-breaking fruits have also been attributed to music. For example, French scientists have cultivated a 2 kilogram tomato, and British scientists have produced a 13 kilogram beet (Hou and Mooneyham, 1999). This technology and field of...
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...Auxin on Plant Growth Sahil Modi TA: Eric Robert Schuppe 3/12/14 Biology Lab Report 2108K Abstract: There are several ways to help plant growth through artificial hormone insertion. This experiment mainly was set up to see if the hormone Auxin would promote growth to these plants in different soil types like sandy, acidic, and regular with the uses of the radish seeds put in each one. . The plant with the insertion of auxins created a decent amount of growth in the sandy and regular soil, while the plant in the acidic soil had no growth whatsoever. Sandy soil prospered the most with growth. So by doing this experiment it shows Auxin is good with plant development and does change plant structure. Introduction: Plants all over the world grow at a slow and steady pace but the population of the world is growing at an exponential rate. To maximize plant growth, farmers and agriculturist are using chemicals called hormones to help stimulate rapid plant growth and development. Without plant hormones the plants would not grow properly. There are several different hormones that affect plant growth; the hormones used in this experiment are called Auxin. The other hormones that can be used for growth are Gibberellins, Cytokinins, Ethylene and Abscisic acid. In this experiment Auxin was used. What is auxin? Auxin is a hormone, which regulates plant growth. "Auxin helps to stimulate the cell elongation which made the Auxin...
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...Functions of Potassium in Plants P When water supply is short, K is pumped out of the guard cells. The pores close tightly to prevent loss of water and minimize drought stress to the plant. If K supply is inadequate, the stomates become sluggish – slow to respond – and water vapor is lost. Closure may take hours rather than Potassium (K) increases Enzyme Activation minutes and is incomplete. crop yield and improves Enzymes serve as cataAs a result, plants with an quality. It is required for lysts for chemical reactions, insufficient supply of K are numerous plant growth being utilized but not conmuch more susceptible to processes. sumed in the process. They water stress. bring together other molecules in such a way Accumulation of K in plant roots prothat the chemical reaction can take place. duces a gradient of osmotic pressure that Potassium “activates” at least 60 different draws water into the roots. Plants deficient in enzymes involved in plant growth. The K K are thus less able to absorb water and are changes the physical shape of the enzyme more subject to stress when water is in short molecule, exposing the appropriate chemical- supply. ly active sites for reaction. Potassium also neutralizes various organic anions and other Photosynthesis compounds within the plant, helping to stabiThe role of K in photosynthesis is comlize pH between 7 and 8...optimum for most plex. The activation of enzymes by K and its enzyme reactions. involvement...
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...Algal biomass as plant fertilizers and Growth Stimulants. Literature review Overview In this literature review, we discuss algae characteristics, and cultivation. Moreover, we provide information about the use of algae as fertilizers and growth stimulants, the definition of biofertilizers and biostimulants, and how they help the plant to grow and to produce higher yield. Also, we provide several case studies of researches aimed to elucidate the role of algae as biofertilizers and biostimulants. General characteristics of algae Algae are one of the largest groups in the eukaryote domain; it consists of a vast group of organisms that differ in shape and size. They may be single-cellular such as Chlorella or multicellular that may reach to more...
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...improvements in taste and appearance. The information you need to know and consider is presented below in a list format, which we believe is easier and quicker to reference and grasp. Some of the discoveries made will surprise you. Most people will be amazed by the following information if they have no prior exposure to the absolute beauty and completeness of the worm casting. Basic points to start: Worm Castings are the worm feces. The castings are made up of live biological organisms. The organisms include fungi, actinomycetes , beneficial bacteria, pseudomonads , plant growth regulators, yeasts, molds, trace elements and the famous N-P-K ratings used by fertilizers, to reference the Nitrogen, Phosphorus and K (which is the chemical symbol for Potassium) quantities promoted by the fertilizer industry (more on this below). Worm Castings are harmless to plants (in any dosage), pets or children. You cannot ‘burn’ a plant by over use of casting, even if not watered properly. Pets and children alike can play in castings without any more damage than normal dirt. Castings have no odor themselves. There is a slight fresh dirt odor that comes from the dirt in which the castings were created, but in fact, castings do much to retard odor from other sources....
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...Horticulture :: Landscaping :: Nursery management | | | | | | Varieties Technologies Sale price | NHM NABARD NHB NMPB Micro Irrigation IHDS Commodity Boards | | | | | | | | | | NURSERY MANAGEMENT OF ORNAMENTAL PLANTSNursery is a place where seedlings, cuttings and grafts are raised with care before transplanting.Advantage of raising seedlings in nursery 1. It is very convenient to look after the tender seedlings 2. It is easy to protect the seedlings from pests and diseases 3. Economy of land usage (duration in the main field is reduced) 4. Valuable and very small seeds can be raised effectively without any wastage 5. Uniform crop stand in the main field can be maintained by selecting healthy, uniform and vigorous seedlings in the nursery itself.Preparation of nursery Selection of site 1. The nursery area should be nearer to the water source 2. Generally, the location should be partially shaded i.e. under the trees. If not, artificial shade is to be provided 3. It should be well protected from animals 4. Proper drainage facilities should be provided.Selection of soil A medium textured, loam (or) sand loam soil is preferred. Soil should be rich in organic matter. Soil depth should be preferably by 15-25 cm.Types of nursery bed a) Flat bed b) Raised nursery bedPreparation of raised nursery bed Selected soil should be worked well to break the clods. Weeds, stones and stubbles should be removed. Height of the raised bed should...
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...to the actual plant of Arabidopsis thaliana. Arabidopsis thaliana is a very important plant because it has made many impacts on the science world and many research papers have been done on experiments with this plant. This plant is known as a plant that experimenters did basic research on and conducted experiments and also it helped with other areas of research in the science world. The reason behind everyone using this basic plant to use the information for other areas in biology because this plant is very easy to grow. Arabidopsis thaliana is small in size so its very easy to grow and not to hard to grow anywhere. This plant can be grown well in simple places. Also this plant can be very easily experimented on multiple times due to its 6-8 week germination. After germination, the plants must make there own food in a special process called Photosynthesis. “Arabidopsis thaliana” Plants must make their own food after germination. This process of which they make there own food is call photosynthesis. The essential things needed for photosynthesis are sunlight/ light source, water, air and chlorophyll. This process is a base of all growth of plants. During this process of photosynthesis they take the sunlight or light source given and turn it into food for them selves to grow. This process takes place in the part of the plant called the chloroplast, that’s where chlorophyll is found. This whole process of photosynthesis is very important for everyday life. Plants need this process...
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...assignment I decided to research and write about the Tropical Rainforest. I have always found the world’s rainforests to be very interesting with all of their secrets they hold inside of them. By doing this paper it will allow me to discover more in-depth information on the Tropical Rainforests. I wonder what all I will discover? There are many rainforests in the world but can be found only in three major geographical areas around the world. The one that stands out the most to me is the Tropical Rainforest in Central America in the Amazon Basin from the previous assignment I researched. Others are located in Africa, Australia, and Assam to name a few. Tropical Rainforests are made up of large trees, exotic wildlife, and thousands of species of plants. The structure of the Tropical Rainforest is very complex but can be simple to understand when broken down into sections. The rainforest can be divided into layers from top to bottom and can get a better understanding of the Tropical Rainforest as a whole. The different layers are: emergent, the canopy, the understory, and the leaf litter or cryptoshere or also known as the ground. Emergent are the larger, taller trees that stick out above the canopy. They can be 20-100 feet above the canopy and endures strong winds, temperature fluctuations, and damaging solar radiation. The canopy is the level under the emergent that has billions of leaves that converts sunlight into energy called photosynthesis. The canopy is where vast amounts of fruits...
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...The Arctic and subarctic regions Compared with other biomes, the tundra biome is relatively young, having its origin in the Pleistocene (1,600,000 to 10,000 years ago). Individual plant and animal species of the tundra, however, probably first appeared in the Late Miocene (11.2 to 5.3 million years ago) or Early Pliocene (5.3 to 3.4 million years ago). Coniferous forests were present on Ellesmere Island and in northern Greenland, the northernmost land areas, in the mid-Pliocene (2.5 million years ago). Most paleoecologists believe that tundra flora evolved from plants of the coniferous forests and alpine areas as continents drifted into higher and cooler latitudes during the Miocene (23.7 to 5.3 million years ago). The Antarctic region Antarctica has been isolated from other continental landmasses by broad expanses of ocean since early in the Tertiary Period, about 60 to 40 million years ago. Prior to its separation it existed, along with Australia, South America, peninsular India, and Africa, as part of the landmass known as Gondwanaland. This long separation has impeded the establishment and development of land-based flora and fauna in the Antarctic. Other significant factors that have hampered terrestrial biotic evolution are the harsh climate, the ice cover that completely engulfed the continent during the Pleistocene glaciations, and the present limited number of ice-free land areas, which are restricted primarily to the coastal fringes and nunataks (mountain peaks surrounded...
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...In this CACE events Diamond Holloman talk about her research and experience in the afterschool / outdoor gardening program within Growth Garden. Hollman Identify four themes; capacity, agency, history/ racial & ethnic pride, and empowerment in her research. In result of her research she understood the roles of how community garden in social vulnerable neighborhood are a growing concern and hope to further engage more individuals in natures. Growth programs are portrayed around social vulnerable community particularly in residential area of Southeast, USA. African American and families from Latin America make up the majority that are derived from the Southeast region. Growth program are for not only engaging and utilizing individual in nature but to also promote progress of breaking social barrier and gender roles and norms. There is a connection between when I participated in girl scout in elementary school and growth garden program. Discovering nature and transforming the communities play a big part and was integrated in my local girl scout. I remember going on a field trip on earth day to plant a garden in a rural area of Richmond...
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...Deficiency on Lemma minor’s Photosynthetic Process Lucia Aguilar INTRODUCTION Photosynthesis is the process in which plants can convert light energy into chemical energy to fulfill all of the functions of life. Iron and magnesium are nutrients that play an important role in photosynthesis. Deficiency in either of these nutrients will lead to a change in the photosynthetic rate of plants such as Lemma minor (duckweed). Magnesium is a mobile nutrient that affects older plants before it affects younger plants. Iron is a fairly immobile nutrient that causes chlorosis, the yellowing of leaves due to inadequate amounts of nutrients, in the younger plants (Campbell and Reece, 2005) In this experiment with variable deficiencies of magnesium and iron in Lemma minor, magnesium and iron nutrient concentrations were varied to see what affect the concentration variation, away from the required, had on the rate of photosynthesis of Lemma minor. It was hypothesized that a lack in either magnesium or iron would cause a disruption in the rate of photosynthesis. It was hypothesized that deficiency in magnesium would cause the Lemma minor to be unable to reproduce in number and therefore result in a lower dry mass. The cause of this would be the magnesium’s characteristics of being mobile. Because the magnesium is mobile, the photosynthetic properties of the older plants will be the first to be affected resulting in an inadequate amount of energy which is needed to allow for offspring. The...
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...The Effects of Different Colors of Light on Plant Growth For my biology experiment, I chose to explore the process of photosynthesis. In photosynthesis, plants have pigments called chlorophylls that capture sunlight to synthesis oxygen and sugars such as glucose. Chlorophyll pigments are the primary pigment in plants and they absorb red and blue light the best. They reflect green light, which is why plants typically look green to us. I decided to test this with China Rose radishes. My question that I am testing is what color of cellophane wrapped over the radishes, violet, red, or green, will make them grow the tallest? Based on this prior knowledge of colors of light and their effects on plant growth, I predict that the radishes planted under the violet and red cellophane will grow taller than the radishes under the green cellophane. I chose those three colors because violet and red are completely opposite on the electromagnetic spectrum. I think that this will be the outcome because the green cellophane should prevent the radishes from synthesizing sugars as well as the other colors, and therefore not grow as tall as the others. Materials: The materials that I used were very simple to obtain. I visited the local Home Depot and Michael’s to buy all of the materials needed. The supplies I used are the following: * 3 sets of 8 connected peat pots. * 1 bag of Miracle Grow starter soil * 72 China Rose radish seeds * Well water * 1 red cellophane gift bag ...
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