..."Will Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) in multi-branding retail improve the condition of Indian agriculture?" Team : - Avatars Members :- Niloy Roy ( p12niloyr@iimahd.ernet.in / 9974184587 ) Pakki Lakshman Vivek ( p12pakkiv@iimahd.ernet.in / 9974189224) The Indian agricultural sector’s plight makes me recall one of the outstanding scenes of Indian cinema through Ashutosh Gowarikar’s Swades where the protagonist , Mohan Bhargava meets a poor Indian family fallen on hard times who earn their living through selling of clay pots. The unawareness of the real market prices of their goods makes the family suffer losses. Drawing parallels, the chief concerns of farmers in India have been the lack of price security of their produce which I believe, the FDI tries to resolve. The cabinet’s insistence in allowing Foreign Direct Investment in multi branding retail has met with mixed responses all across the nation with different people having varied opinions regarding its impact. With the prime minister oozing confidence over this reform, he has met a lot of opposition from people who believe this is going to harm the unorganized sector of the Indian retail while some feel that the constraints of 51% and the wave of oppositions that it faces will actually make no difference to anyone out there. The supporters of multi brand retail feel that agriculture is the sector which is going to be highly affected in a positive light by this reform. They are not wrong as the impacts are unmistakeable...
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...SCTL, July 2004 ITC's eChoupal Initiative Going Direct to the Farmer: ITC’s eChoupal initiative Ravi Anupindi Michigan Business School University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 (anupindi@umich.edu) SCTL Roundtable, July 2004 Background and Credits … Ø 1st year MBA project course at Michigan • 1st phase (Mar-Apr, `03): documentation of eChoupal concept [C.K. Prahalad and MBA students] • 2nd phase (Mar-Apr, `04): Rural retail [myself w/ MBA students] Ø Client site: • Mr. S. Sivakumar, CEO (International Business Division) • Several others … employees, farmers Ø Presentation material • S. Sivakumar (talk at Michigan at the Asia Business Conference, Feb. `04) • Report of the 1st phase MBA project • Dave Upton (HBS case / draft teaching note) 1 Anupindi / MBS SCTL, July 2004 ITC's eChoupal Initiative The New Indian Economy Ø Forex Reserves : $ 100 Bn Ø GDP Growth : 7% Ø Emergence of Indian MNCs Ø India as a Destination of Choice • For Outsourcing • Billion People Market Rural India: The Real India Ø 720 Million Consumers • Potentially a Huge Market è Greater than 70% of population; less than 30% GDP • Small Wallets Ø 156 Million Hectares of arable land in 36 rich & diverse agroecological zones • Potentially Food Factory to the World Ø Government(s) spend a lot of money in developmental activities • Results not consistent with the resources Indian Farmer as a producer & consumer … 2 Anupindi / MBS SCTL, July 2004 ...
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...outlets in over a hundred countries as of December 2011. KFC has entered numerous countries, including developing countries such as India, China and Thailand. In this paper, I will specifically discuss ethical issues surrounding KFC’s operations in India, and steps that the company can take to combat these issues. Foreign fast food companies were allowed to enter India during the early 1990s due to the economic liberalization policy of the Indian Government. KFC was among the first quick service multinationals to enter India. On receiving permission to open thirty new outlets across the country, KFC opened its first fast-food outlet in Bangalore in 1995. Bangalore was chosen as the launch pad as it had a substantial upper middle class population, with an emerging trend of families eating out. It was considered India’s fastest growing metropolis in the 1990’s. However, KFC got embroiled in various controversies even before it started full-fledged operations in India. The regulatory authorities found that KFC's chickens did not adhere to the Indian Prevention of Food Adulteration Act, 1954 (IPFAA) . Chickens contained nearly three times more monosodium glutamate (popularly known as MSG, a flavor enhancing ingredient)...
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...THE PHILIPPINE COCONUTINDUSTRY: PERFORMANCE, ISSUESANDRECOMMENDATIONS Rolando Dy, Ph.D. ANNEX 6STRATEGY MAKING BASED ON SWOT MATRIX The coconut industry is a resilient one, full of potential but has manyweaknesses. While it hosts many opportunities, it also faces many threats.These are considerations in formulating policy directions for the industry. Coconut Industry: SWOT AnalysisADVANTAGES CONSTRAINTS STRENGTHS WEAKNESSES Inputs 1. Availability of good clones 1. Only 1% of the areas are plantedwith good clones2. No irrigation system in coconut areas Farm Production 2. Favorable climate in most areas 3. Senile trees (30% of stands)3. Availability of technologies 4. Only 1% of the farms apply fertilizers5. Plantings in marginal lands6. Intercropping in only 30% of the land Logistics 4. Established marketing system 7. High assembly costs due to poorroads and fragmented, small holdings5. Export facilities 8. Multi-layered marketing channels Milling 6. Presence of many mills 9. Underutilized mills7. Presence of refiners 10. Underutilized refineries11. Shortage of raw materials12. High assembly costs13. Low quality copra Other Value Adding 8. Many product possibilities 14. Cost of raw materials Institutions 9. Multi-stakeholders 15. Frequent changes in PCA leadership16. Lack of program support; toodependent on coco levy resolution OPPORTUNITIES THREATS 1. Stable and growing export anddomestic markets1. Poor global image in supply reliability2. Good prospects...
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...Kansal Rakesh Gehlot Rishabh Bhansali Tauseef Ahmad Khan 22ndAugust 2013 INDIAN INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT, AHMEDABAD AGRICULTURAL DEBT WAIVER AND DEBT RELIEF SCHEME, 2008 Introduction Poor farmers in India face highly volatile incomes. In such cases, the bank loans serve dual purpose of enabling productive investment and providing insurance against highly volatile income streams. But, the lack of access to any sophisticated instruments to manage income risks, leads to the poor farmers accumulating extreme levels of debt, eventually barring them from institutional credits in future. The Agricultural Debt Waiver and Debt Relief Scheme (ADWDRS), 2008 was launched in May 2008 by the Government of India to address the problems and difficulties faced by the farming community in repayment of loans taken by them and in helping them qualify for fresh loans. Under the scheme, Marginal farmers (those cultivating agricultural land up to 1 hectare i.e. 2.5 acres) and ‘Small’ farmers (those cultivating agricultural land between 1 – 2 hectares (5 acres)) received complete waiver of the eligible amount (Direct agricultural loan, short term loan and investment load – Refer Appendix-1). ‘Other’ farmers (those cultivating agricultural land of more than 2 hectares) were provided a one-time relief of 25% of the eligible amount; subject to payment of balance 75% of the eligible amount by the farmer. Agricultural loans meeting the following set of conditions were to be covered under...
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...country country like India to get its independence Born and raised in a Hindu, merchant caste, family in coastal Gujarat, western India, and trained in law at the Inner Temple, London, Gandhi first employed nonviolent civil disobedience as an expatriate lawyer in South Africa, in the resident Indian community's struggle for civil rights. After his return to India in 1915, he set about organising peasants, farmers, and urban labourers to protest against excessive land-tax and discrimination. Assuming leadership of the Indian National Congress in 1921, Gandhi led nationwide campaigns for easing poverty, expanding women's rights, building religious and ethnic amity, ending untouchability, but above all for achieving Swaraj or self-rule. Gandhi famously led Indians in challenging the British-imposed salt tax with the 400 km Dandi Salt March in 1930, and later in calling for the British to Quit India in 1942. He was imprisoned for many years, upon many occasions, in both South Africa and India. Gandhi attempted to practise nonviolence and truth in all situations, and advocated that others do the same. He lived modestly in a self-sufficient residential community and wore the traditional Indian dhoti and shawl, woven with yarn hand spun on a charkha. He ate simple vegetarian food, and also undertook long fasts as means of both self-purification and social protest. Gandhi's vision of a free India based on religious pluralism, however, was challenged in the early 1940s by a...
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...Booker T. Washington and Tuskegee Institute In this book Booker T, Washington expresses his ideas about the plight of the African Americans on top of infusing ideas on their empowerment through education. The book entails also ideas he expressed in his speeches and letters which highlight his enigmatic, complex views, as the leader of the black minority group. It is also a recount of the liberation struggles and inner life of the black community which has grown from slavery, struggled to get educated and economic empowerment and more so assimilation in the American society. Washington’s ideas here expressed forging the relationship between the African Americans and whites in the South. However, by careful analysis of the views expressed, serious issues arise as per as his programme of reconciliation of the South, where the whites educate the blacks, highlighting silence and submission on the part of Negroes as opposed to fight for political and civil activism, pointed to his myopic vision. This was unknowingly a way of selling the blacks rights in the hope the same whites who had oppressed them for many years and hampered their humane progress, would help them (Moore, 2003). This is not to mean the ideas he expressed were all negative. He had good ideas for the black community needed to be polished by other black scholars and leaders to acculturate them in the American society. Washington shares his views where he internalizes values got from his godfather (Armstrong)...
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...The Morant Bay Rebellion Causes of the Morant Bay Rebellion 1. The American Civil War – 1861 increase the cost of American food and clothing in Jamaica 2. Reduced wages due to the fall in sugar prices, when Cuba began sending sugar to Britain instead of US 3. Droughts in 1862 and 1863 that ruined small farmers’ provision and their export crops 4. Severe punishment from magistrates and vestries for those who trespassed on abandoned estates or stole food 5. Lack of markets for small farmers 6. Unsympathetic attitude of governor- felt black hardships was because of their unwillingness to work regularly on estates 7. Poor social and economic conditions 8. Leaders such as Bogle helped to create a feeling of independence and resistance to the island’s plantocracy 9. Limited franchise, which excluded the majority of peasants from actively participating in the government 10. Unavailability of land - The passing of laws which returned former idle lands to plantation owners. At the time the lands were being farmed by the peasants. Also rejection of petition for Crown lands Consequences of the Rebellion 1. End of representative system of government and the rise of Crown Colony 2. Terrible reprisal against the rebels- executions, burning of houses, floggings. The execution of Bogle and Gordon. They were perceived as the main instigators of the rebellion. 3. Dismissal of Governor Eyre from Colonial...
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...Branding Through Mascots Bottom of Form Willard Scott, Bob Brandon, King Moody, Geoffrey Guiliano and Joe Maggard. What do these people have in common? Well, they are just five in a list of many more who have essayed the role of Ronald McDonald on television. A nanosecond is all it takes for the image of the red-haired clown in his bright-yellow jumpsuit to make people think of the McDonald's brand. Over the years Ron, as he is popularly called, has acquired an iconic status and has become the public face of the burger giant whose golden arches is the most widely recognized symbol in the fast food industry. India too, is not without its fair share of mascots. For years, the cute Amul girl regaled millions of Indians with her antics and a plateful of products - butter, cheese, milk and chocolates. Today she is undoubtedly The Taste of India. Other popular mascots include Air India's Maharaja, with his diminutive stature, giant turban and oversized moustache exuding warmth and hospitality, and Asian Paints' naughty boy Gattu, holding a bristly paintbrush in one hand and a can of overflowing paint in the other. Incidentally, Gattu was created in 1954 by none other than the master cartoonist, R. K. Laxman. Why mascots? The use of mascots goes back to antiquity, but they were not always called mascots. The word 'mascot' suggests a connection with the occult, being derived from the French slang mascotte meaning 'witch'. How the word entered the English language is a story...
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...Globalisation and India. Introduction Indian economy had experienced major policy changes in early 1990s. The new economic reform, popularly known as, Liberalization, Privatization and Globalization (LPG model) aimed at making the Indian economy as fastest growing economy and globally competitive. The series of reforms undertaken with respect to industrial sector, trade as well as financial sector aimed at making the economy more efficient. With the onset of reforms to liberalize the Indian economy in July of 1991, a new chapter has dawned for India and her billion plus population. This period of economic transition has had a tremendous impact on the overall economic development of almost all major sectors of the economy, and its effects over the last decade can hardly be overlooked. Besides, it also marks the advent of the real integration of the Indian economy into the global economy. Now that India is in the process of restructuring her economy, with aspirations of elevating herself from her present desolate position in the world, the need to speed up her economic development is even more imperative. And having witnessed the positive role that Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) has played in the rapid economic growth of most of the Southeast Asian countries and most notably China, India has embarked on an ambitious plan to emulate the successes of her neighbours to the east and is trying to sell herself as a safe and profitable destination for FDI. Globalization has many meanings...
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...18th century in the British colonies in North America and elsewhere. The system was used particularly as a way for the poor freed in the British and German states to get passage to the American colonies. These young people would work for a fixed number of years then be free to work freely. The employers would buy the indentured from the sea captain who brought the people over. This was done due to the labor demand that existed in the plantations and other work areas especially after the abolishment of slave trade and slavery. Note: after the abolishment of slave trade and slavery, the slaves held is captive for labor were freed. However, this did not mean the plantains and did not need labor. Some of the indentured laborers worked as farmers, as helpers for farm wives, as apprenticed craftsmen, and as miners among a variety of other professions. Both sides, the employer and the indentured laborer, were required to meet their terms which were legally enforced by local American courts. In case of any runaways, those laborers were sought and brought back to their employers to continue as their contract required. In the 17th and 18th century, about half of the white immigrants to the American colonies were indentured. The majority of the indentured laborers were African and Asian from South Asian and as stated by some authors, in the 17th century, some poor children from Europe especially France and England were captured and sold as indentured laborers in the Caribbean for a period...
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...DEVELOPMENT COMMUNICATION ASSIGNMENT ON WOMEN’S EMPOWERMENT SUBMITTED TO:- SUBMITTED TO:- MR. R.K. Gupta Tanu Garg BCA 2012-2015 Who is the father of extension? James strut What is extension work? In modern times, particularly in the last 25 years or so, extension work has come to have great significance in popular education, in adult or fundamental education, and in public information. It is now regarded as an essential feature of the development of progressive and democratic nations. Principals of extension:- Principle of Interest and Needs: The rural people should voluntarily participate in the extension work. Extension work must be based on the needs and interests of the people. These interest and needs differ form individual to individual, form village to village, form block to block and form state to state and therefore there cannot be one programmes for all people. To be effective, extension work must begin with the interested and needs of the people. Many times the interests of the rural people are not the interest of the extension worker. Even though the sees the needs of the people better than they do themselves, he must begin with the beds and interests as they (the people) see them...
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...CONSUMER PROTECTION Even after sixty years of independence, the consumer is the most exploited segment of Indian society. During British rule, the colonial rulers exploited the Indian consumer to serve their own interests. He was cheated and fleeceds that wealth may continue to flow into England, the homeland of the imperialist rulers. However, things did not change even after independence. The consumer continued to be exploited and cheated in various ways by the traders, manufacturers, and industrialists in general. He was cheated both in quantity and quality of the goods he purchased. There was cheating at the time of weighing the gods and fancy prices were charged in the absence of any controls and tags indicating the price of article he purchased. Even when the price was indicated the words,” local taxes extra” provided ample scope for cheating. In the absence of any quality-control measures, adulterated goods were sold to him. Essential consumer items like milk, ghee, condiments, pulses, rice, wheat, etc., were all adulterated and sometimes such adulteration proved to be a serious health hazard. Even medicines he purchased were spurious and of inferior quality, sometimes resulting even in the death of the patient concerned. But no effective steps were taken to check such exploitation. The consumer remained helpless because he did not have any organized body or union of his own. Even when now and then, such organizations have been formed, they have remained helpless before...
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...secretly formed a Trainmen's Union to oppose the railroads. In the last quarter of the century, the textile, metal, and machinery industries equaled the railroads in size. In 1870, the typical iron and steel firm employed fewer than 100 workers. Thirty years later, the force was four times as large. By 1900, more than 1,000 factories had work forces ranging from 500 to 1,000 workers. From 1860 to 1900 some 15 million immigrants from southern and eastern Europe came to the United States in search of a better life, and most of them settled in the north and northeast. With big cities and factories came big business and big government who profited greatly from the cheap work force of immigrants and washed out farmers. The working class comprised mostly of immigrants and farmers rebelled against the upper and middle class, and insisted on...
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...Essay on Consumer Protection Even after sixty years of independence, the consumer is the most exploited segment of Indian society. During British rule, the colonial rulers exploited the Indian consumer to serve their own interests. He was cheated and fleeceds that wealth may continue to flow into England, the homeland of the imperialist rulers. However, things did not change even after independence. The consumer continued to be exploited and cheated in various ways by the traders, manufacturers, and industrialists in general. He was cheated both in quantity and quality of the goods he purchased. There was cheating at the time of weighing the gods and fancy prices were charged in the absence of any controls and tags indicating the price of article he purchased. Even when the price was indicated the words,” local taxes extra” provided ample scope for cheating. In the absence of any quality-control measures, adulterated goods were sold to him. Essential consumer items like milk, ghee, condiments, pulses, rice, wheat, etc., were all adulterated and sometimes such adulteration proved to be a serious health hazard. Even medicines he purchased were spurious and of inferior quality, sometimes resulting even in the death of the patient concerned. But no effective steps were taken to check such exploitation. The consumer remained helpless because he did not have any organized body or union of his own. Even when now and then, such organizations have been formed, they have remained helpless...
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