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The Project Management Body of Knowledge
(PMBOK)
By Duncan Haughey, PMP
The Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK) is a collection of processes and knowledge areas generally accepted as best practice within the project management discipline.
As an internationally recognised standard (IEEE Std 1490-2003) it provides the fundamentals of project management, irrespective of the type of project be it construction, software, engineering, automotive etc.
PMBOK recognises 5 basic process groups and 9 knowledge areas typical of almost all projects. The basic concepts are applicable to projects, programs and operations. The five basic process groups are:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

Initiating
Planning
Executing
Monitoring and Controlling
Closing

Processes overlap and interact throughout a project or phase. Processes are described in terms of:
Inputs (documents, plans, designs, etc.)
Tools and Techniques (mechanisms applied to inputs)
Outputs (documents, products, etc.)
The nine knowledge areas are:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.

Project
Project
Project
Project
Project
Project
Project
Project
Project

Integration Management
Scope Management
Time Management
Cost Management
Quality Management
Human Resource Management
Communications Management
Risk Management
Procurement Management

Each knowledge area contains some or all of the project management processes. For example,
Project Procurement Management includes:
Procurement Planning
Solicitation Planning
Solicitation
Source Selection
Contract Administration
Contract Closeout
Much of PMBOK is unique to project management e.g. critical path and work breakdown structure
(WBS). Some areas overlap with other management disciplines. General management also includes planning, organising, staffing, executing and controlling the operations of an organisation. Financial

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