...leading automobile brand. It is most widely known for its commercial vehicles such as buses and trucks. However, TATA motors has also started an excellent expansion in passenger cars and it is rapidly gaining market share. The Marketing mix of Tata Motors talks about the 4P of the brand which has helped the brand rise in the automobile empire. 1. Product in the marketing mix of Tata Motors Tata has a very wide range of products it has passenger cars, utility vehicles, JLR, Commercial passenger Carriers and Defence Vehicles Passenger cars Utility Vehicles Jaguar Land Rover Commercial Passenger Carriers Zest,Bolt,Tiago Safari Dicor Jaguar Buses Indigo XL/Vista Sumo Grande Land rover Winger Nano Sumo Magic Fiat cars Xenon XT Novas, TL4*4 2. Price in the marketing mix of Tata Motors The prices of Tata motors are generally affordable acceptable by the general public at large. Tata always have something for the lower class people with Nano being their trump card. Giving discount every month and special promotion for certain type of vehicle also one of the strong strategy use by Tata Motors. Discount can be made from Company’s profit or from dealer’s profit at certain range. 3. Place in the marketing mix of Tata Motors – Tata Motors has an extensive dealer network covering Indian and International markets. Wherever you are, there is a Tata Motors Sales and Service dealership close to you. The channel of distribution, physical location, and dealership method of...
Words: 2148 - Pages: 9
...TABLE OF CONTENTS SECTION PAGE 1. INTRODUCTION 1 1.1 Scope of Report 1 1.2 Sources and Methods 1 2. NEW PRODUCT IDENTIFICATION 2 2.1 Product Function 2 2.2 Branding Strategies 2 3. MACROENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS 3 3.1 Demographic, Economic and Social 3 3.2 Cultural, Legal and Political 3 3.3 Natural and Technological 4 4. SECONDARY SOURCES 5 5. MARKET SEGMENTATION AND TARGETING 7 5.1 Segments 7 5.2 Target Markets 7 6. SALES POTENTIAL 8 6.1 Year One 8 6.2 Year Two 8 6.3 Year Three 9 7. MARKETING MIX 10 7.1 Product 10 7.2 Price 11 7.3 Place 11 7.4 Promotion 12 8. CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS 14 8.1 Conclusions 14 8.2 Recommendations 14 WORKS CITED AND CONSULTED 34 LIST OF APPENDICES SECTION PAGE A- Sales Potential Population Information 15 B- Projected Sales and Income Statement 16 C- Forecasted Sales Growth and Profit Graph 17 D- I-Fit Advertisement 18 E- I-Fit PowerPoint Presentation 19 F- Daily Star: “Apply Nanotech to Up Industrial Agri Output” 21 G- iX-Factory: “Lab-on-a-Chip” 23 H- “‘Mind the Gap’: Science and Ethics of Nanotechnology” 25 I- Index Mundi Statistics: Japan, United States, European Union and China 27 J- CBC News: “Who are Canada’s Top 1%?” 29 K- The Guardian: “Ofcom: UK is Nation of Early Adopters and Online Spenders 31 L- Statistics Canada 33 1. INTRODUCTION After being appointed the heir...
Words: 5107 - Pages: 21
...Available online at www.ilshs.pl International Letters of Social and Humanistic Sciences 1(2) (2015) 110-120 ISSN 2300-2697 Impact of CNG Load Shedding on Daily Routine: A Study of Pakistan Muhammad Arslan1,*, Rashid Zaman1, R. K. Malik2 1 Bahria University, PO box 440000, E-8, Islamabad, Pakistan *Tel: 00923317500173 2 Head of Campus, Shaheed Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto, Institute of Science and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan *E-mail address: MuhammadArslan73@gmail.com ABSTRACT People of Pakistan are facing a number of problems due to CNG load shedding. This study investigated the consequences of energy on routines of people and also on social and economic performance of people. Primary data has been collected by conducting video recorded interviews and comment based interviews from twin cities i.e. Islamabad and Rawalpindi of Pakistan. The sample of study includes students, housewives, businessmen and professional workers who are affecting by this CNG shortage. This study focuses on relationship between CNG shortage and its effect on daily routine life and performance of people. It also focuses on psychological issues as well as the economic issues that are caused due to this shortage. This study utilizes in depth semi structured interviews to conduct the qualitative study. N-Vivo 10 is used as tool of data analysis. The CNG shortage in Pakistan caused many critical issues like unemployment, decrease in export contracts and commodities prices are increasing due to this shortage...
Words: 3592 - Pages: 15
...Cover Sheet Title The Effectiveness of Parental Involvement for Improving the Academic Performance of Elementary School Children Reviewers Chad Nye, PhD Jamie Schwartz, PhD Herb Turner, PhD Contact reviewer Chad Nye UCF Center for Autism & Related Disabilities 12001 Science Drive, Suite 145 Orlando, FL 32826 Phone : 407-737-2566 FAX : 407-737-2571 email : cnye@mail.ucf.edu 1 1.0 BACKGROUND The role of parents has long been thought to be centrally important to the academic achievement of their children. However, this role had neither been analyzed nor systematically studied using an experimental design until the 1960’s. The evaluation of the Head Start Program in the United States (Coleman, Campbell, Hobson, McPartland, Mod, Weinfeld, & York, 1966) fostered a national focus on outcomes related to parental involvement by suggesting a substantial relationship between parental involvement in their child’s education and their child’s success in academic domains. Subsequent studies have been presented which support the findings from Coleman, et al. (Duff & Adams, 1981; Henderson, 1987; 1988). Even so, other studies have reported either mixed or no significant differences between experimental and control groups when measuring the effect of parental involvement on student achievement (Griffith, 1996; Heller, & Fantuzzo, 1993; Henry, 1974; Keith, Reimers, Ferman, Pottenbaum, & Aubrey ,1986; Ryan, 1964; Searles, Lewis & Morrow, 1982). Some of the discrepancy across studies...
Words: 6998 - Pages: 28
...study of archeological and written records, from ancient times on. Ancient recorded history begins with the invention of writing.[1][2] However, the roots of civilization reach back to the period before the invention of writing. Prehistory begins in the Paleolithic Era, or "Early Stone Age," which is followed by the Neolithic Era, or New Stone Age, and the Agricultural Revolution (between 8000 and 5000 BCE) in the Fertile Crescent. The Neolithic Revolution marked a change in human history, as humans began the systematic husbandry of plants and animals.[3][4][5] Agriculture advanced, and most humans transitioned from a nomadic to a settled lifestyle as farmers in permanent settlements. Nomadism continued in some locations, especially in isolated regions with few domesticable plant species;[6] but the relative security and increased productivity provided by farming allowed human communities to expand into increasingly larger units, fostered by advances in transportation. World population[7] from 10,000 BCE to 2,000 CE. The vertical (population) scale is logarithmic. As farming developed, grain agriculture became more sophisticated and prompted a division of labor to store food between growing seasons. Labor divisions then led to the rise of a leisured upper class and the development of cities. The growing complexity of human societies necessitated systems of writing and accounting.[8] Many cities developed on the banks of lakes and rivers; as early as 3000 BCE some of the first...
Words: 3787 - Pages: 16
...ORIGINAL COMMUNICATION Obesity, diet, and poverty: trends in the Russian transition to market economy L Jahns1, A Baturin2 and BM Popkin1* 1Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA; and 2Institute of Nutrition, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Moscow, Russia Objective: To examine trends in macronutrient intake, overweight, and obesity. Design: Cross-sectional samplesFcollected nine times between 1992 and 2000Ffrom the Russian Longitudinal Monitoring Survey provide interviewer-administered 24-h diet recalls and measured height and weight, together with detailed information regarding income and expenditures. Setting: The Russian Federation. Subjects: Women and men, aged 19–55y. Interventions: None. Methods: A nationally representative sample of working-age Russian adults was stratified by gender and income (per cent of regional poverty level). Secular trends in mean energy and macronutrient intake, as well as prevalence of overweight and obesity in the population are described over the first 8y of the Russian Federation. Results: Overall, energy intake increased slightly. Fat, as a percentage of energy (E%), decreased from 39.6 to 31.6% and protein, as a per cent of energy, decreased from 14.3 to 12.5%. Overweight (determined by body mass index (BMI) Z25kg/ m2) prevalence remained relatively stable at about 50% and obesity (BMI Z30kg/m2) prevalence increased from 13.3 to 16.0% of the adult population. Women consumed less...
Words: 5853 - Pages: 24
...CAT Reading Comprehension CAT Study Materials Reading Comprehension Sample Questions Directions: Each reading passage in this section is followed by questions based on the content of the reading passage. Read the passage carefully and chose the best answer to each question. The questions are to be answered on the basis of what is stated or implied in the passage. 1. But man is not destined to vanish. He can be killed, but he cannot be destroyed, because his soul is deathless and his spirit is irrepressible. Therefore, though the situation seems dark in the context of the confrontation between the superpowers, the silver lining is provided by amazing phenomenon that the very nations which have spent incalculable resources and energy for the production of deadly weapons are desperately trying to find out how they might never be used. They threaten each other, intimidate each other and go to the brink, but before the total hour arrives they withdraw from the brink. 2. 1. The main point from the author's view is that A. Man's soul and spirit can not be destroyed by superpowers. B. Man's destiny is not fully clear or visible. C. Man's soul and spirit are immortal. D. Man's safety is assured by the delicate balance of power in E. terms of nuclear weapons. Human society will survive despite the serious threat of total annihilation. Ans : E 2. The phrase 'Go to the brink' in the passage means A. Retreating from extreme danger. B. Declare war on each other. C. Advancing...
Words: 13393 - Pages: 54
...current day. These are the stunning results of climate and carbon cycle model simulations conducted by scientists at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory. By using a coupled climate and carbon cycle model to look at global climate and carbon cycle changes, the scientists found that the earth would warm by 8 degrees Celsius (14.5 degrees Fahrenheit) if humans use the entire planet's available fossil fuels by the year 2300. The jump in temperature would have alarming consequences for the polar ice caps and the ocean, said lead author Govindasamy Bala of the Laboratory's Energy and Environment Directorate. In the polar regions alone, the temperature would spike more than 20 degrees Celsius, forcing the land in the region to change from ice and tundra to boreal forests. "The temperature estimate is actually conservative because the model didn't take into consideration changing land use such as deforestation and build-out of cities into outlying wilderness areas," Bala said. Today's level of atmospheric carbon dioxide is 380 parts per million (ppm). By the year 2300, the model predicts that amount would nearly quadruple to 1,423 ppm. In the simulations, soil and living biomass are net carbon sinks, which would extract a significant amount of carbon dioxide that otherwise would remain in the atmosphere from the burning of fossil fuels. The real scenario, however, might be a bit different. "The land ecosystem would not take up as much carbon dioxide as the model...
Words: 18317 - Pages: 74
...development, push factors, manufacturing exports, hukou, migration networks, remittances, Chinese New Year, return migration. INTRODUCTION M igration is closely tied with processes of globalization and the global economy, and China’s rural-to-urban migrant workers have contributed substantially to the country’s economic growth and success. This group of hard-working laborers has made inexpensive “made-in-China” products available in almost every corner of the world. Varying sources estimate that migrant workers2 have contributed 16–24 percent of China’s GDP growth and one-third to 40 percent of the rural net income (Yan and Li, 2007; Harney, 2008; Cai and Chan, 2009).3 However, migrants have been the most vulnerable group of workers,4 and have the most insecure terms of employment, as evidenced by mass layoffs in the migrant-dominated export manufacturing sector beginning in the autumn of 2008. In the Pearl River Delta alone, 1 Associate Professor,...
Words: 10253 - Pages: 42
...com/locate/pplann Global city making in Singapore: a real estate perspective Sun Sheng Han Department of Real Estate, School of Design and Environment, National University of Singapore, 4 Architecture Drive, Singapore, Singapore 117566 CHAPTER 1 Introduction ‘Global city’ is a notion popularly cited among planning academics and practitioners in describing some strategic places in the world economy. Pioneer researchers in this area define global cities as basing points of capital in a world economy (Friedmann, 1986: 71); production centres of specialized information services such as financial services, media services, educational and health services, and centres of tourism (Hall, 1998: 24); and centres for servicing and financing international trade, investment and headquarters operations (Sassen, 2004: 171). Summarizing those perspectives and recognizing the influence of a new economy, which can be characterized as informational, global and networked (Castells, 2000: 27), global cities can be seen as the urban nodes where globalization materializes so that they are (1) highly concentrated command points in the organization of the world economy; (2) key locations for finance and specialized service firms; (3) sites of production of innovation; (4) markets for the products and innovations produced (Sassen, 2001: 3 and 4). Taylor (2004) has argued that these perspectives involve understanding just the attributes of cities and suggests that the key roles of global city are shaped by the relationships...
Words: 47333 - Pages: 190
...Atmospheric Pollution Research 5 (2014) 79‐86 Atm spheric Pollution Research www.atmospolres.com Assessment of air pollution around coal mining area: Emphasizing on spatial distributions, seasonal variations and heavy metals, using cluster and principal component analysis Bhanu Pandey 1, Madhoolika Agrawal 1, Siddharth Singh 2 1 2 Laboratory of Air Pollution and Global Climate Change, Department of Botany, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi–221005, India Environmental Management Group, Central Institute of Mining & Fuel Research (CSIR), Barwa road, Dhanbad–826015, India ABSTRACT Jharia Coal field (JCF) in Jharkhand is the richest coal bearing area in India, which contains large quantities of high grade coking coal. The conventional coal fuel cycle is among the most destructive activities on the earth, threatening the health, polluting the air and water, harming the land, and contributing to global warming. The variations in air quality in terms of sulfur dioxide (SO2), nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and particulate matter around JCF were evaluated over the period of 2010 and 2011 at five sites during different seasons. Air pollution index (API), calculated on the basis of suspended particulate matter (SPM), SO2 and NO2 concentrations was highest near the coal mining area. The ambient concentrations of heavy metals (in PM10) also showed significant temporal and spatial variations at different sites around coal mining areas...
Words: 6134 - Pages: 25
...Western Governors University Strategic Management Tutorials JET2 Financial Analysis (V2 GRADUATE-0212) JGT2 Decision Analysis (V2 GRADUATE-0710 Competition Bikes, inc, Executive Summary Report * Skip to Navigation * Skip to Content ------------------------------------------------- Top of Form Bottom of Form Horizontal, Vertical, Trend and Ratio Analysis The assessments of the financial health of Competition Bikes, Inc. (CB) are derived using the attached income statements and balance sheets. Focusing on calendar years # 6, 7 and 8 to gauge the growth and stability of this company. Between the years # 6 and 7, Competition Bikes, Inc. had a significant growth in new earnings that was not extended on into year # 8. The net earnings moved from a positive 313.4 % to a dramatic loss of 81.6% . A.1.a) Horizontal Analysis Results Horizontal Analysis is a direct comparative analysis of each line item across the same time frames of a particular company. It is calculated in dollars and percentages. An analysis will look at how the accounts have fluctuated from one year to the next. The formula used is: Dollar change = This Year’s Balance – Last Year’s Balance. Percent change = Dollar Change . The income statement from year # 6 to year # 7, exhibited a sales increase of 33%. There was only a 31 percent increase in product costs. This decrease in cost of materials was offset by sales expense of 33 percent and an increase in general...
Words: 31704 - Pages: 127
...This is a protected document. Please enter your student or faculty username and password. Username: Password: Log In Need assistance logging in? Contact Technical Support. Doc ID: 1009-0001-1993-00001994 Toll Free: 877.428.8447 M-F, 6am MST or Sat-Sun, 7am-12am MST Find us on Facebook and Follow us on Twitter! F I F T H E D I T I O N An Introduction to Multicultural Education James A. Banks University of Washington, Seattle Boston Columbus Indianapolis New York San Francisco Upper Saddle River Amsterdam Cape Town Dubai London Madrid Milan Munich Paris Montreal Toronto Delhi Mexico City São Paulo Sydney Hong Kong Seoul Singapore Taipei Tokyo ISBN 1-269-53060-7 An Introduction to Multicultural Education, Fifth Edition, by James A. Banks. Published by Pearson. Copyright © 2014 by Pearson Education, Inc. Vice President/Editorial Director: Jeffery Johnston Executive Editor: Linda Bishop Editorial Assistant: Laura Marenghi Senior Marketing Manager: Darcy Betts Production Editor: Karen Mason Production Project Manager: Elizabeth Gale Napolitano Manager, Central Design: Jayne Conte Cover Designer: Laura Gardner Cover Art: “Sea and Sky” (013) 2003 © Marvin Oliver Artist Full Service Project Manager: Niraj Bhatt, Aptara® , Inc. Composition: Aptara® , Inc. Printer/Binder/Cover Printer: Courier Westford Text Font: ITC Stone Serif Std 10/12 Text Credits: Page 11, Stiglitz excerpt: From Stiglitz, J.E. (2012). The price...
Words: 78362 - Pages: 314
...CHAPTER 4 WUNDT AND GERMAN PSYCHOLOGY The book which I here present to the public is an attempt to mark out a new domain of science. —Wilhelm Wundt, 1874 PREVIEW AND CHAPTER OBJECTIVES Chapters 2 and 3 describe the context out of which modern psychology emerged in the nineteenth century. Philosophers, interested in the same fundamental questions about the human mind and behavior that occupy psychologists today, began to speculate about the need to examine these issues scientifically. At least one nineteenth-century British philosopher, John Stuart Mill, even proposed the development of a scientific psychology. Meanwhile, physiologists and physicians in Europe made great strides in furthering our understanding of the physiology of the nervous system and, in particular, of the brain. This chapter examines how this experimental physiology combined with philosophical inquiry to create a new experimental psychology in Germany in the late nineteenth century. The chapter opens with a brief discussion of some aspects of German education that made it attractive to American students, and then continues with a look at how Gustav Fechner’s psychophysics provided a standardized set of methods for studying sensory thresholds. The creation of the ‘‘New Psychology’’ and its first laboratory by Leipzig’s Wilhelm Wundt forms the focus of the middle of the chapter. The chapter ends with consideration of three other important German psychologists, Hermann Ebbinghaus, G. E. Muller, and Oswald...
Words: 17332 - Pages: 70
...Introduction : Rise of India and China India and China are the two most populated countries in the world, each with a little over 1 billion people. Both countries have long and ancient history. Both are unique in having an unbroken stream of ancient culture and civilization for centuries before the dawn of the Christian era. Populations of both countries consist of very highly educated and technically skilled work force. In both countries, there is very large middle class, progressively becoming very hungry for vast quantities of consumer goods. However until the 1980s, their economies were among the poorest in the world. India has been the largest democracy since 1947 but heart-rending sights of extreme poverty can be seen even in the flourishing business capitals. There are no subways, very few highways which results in nightmarish tangle of traffic all the time. China has been under the communist rule since the revolution led by Mao Tse Tung in 1966 and still continues to be under the centralized communist rule. Both the countries operated under centralized planning and kept their economies closed to global markets. However, in the past two decades, the world is witnessing a strange miracle taking place in both the countries. In the early 1980s, first China and later, India, started opening their economies to foreign direct investment and began participating more and more in global trade. The world had never witnessed this rare phenomenon of two relatively poor countries...
Words: 16775 - Pages: 68
