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Pos355

In: Computers and Technology

Submitted By bigdboone
Words 803
Pages 4
Windows Memory Management, Process Management, File Management, Security
Jose Rodriguez
POS/355
July 25, 2015
Yevgeniy Tovshteyn

Windows Memory Management
The Widows 32-bit OS adds a virtual memory system, which is based on a flat 32-bit address space. The 32-bits of address space converts into the 4GB of virtual memory. The 4GB is the amount that can be accessed by a process. The Windows operating system has Kernel-mode and User-mode memory ("Memory Management 101", 2007). If you exceed the memory limit you will get an "out of virtual memory" error and this would show even though you have a lot of physical memory. The Kernel space is the system space portion of the address space in the OS and kernel-mode drivers reside. This is where only the kernel-mode can access this space. The User-mode can only access data that is within their own process ("Need More Memory? Getting Started With Windows Memory Management", n.d.). This means that the User-mode threads cannot have access to data from another process space directly and it's not able to access the system space directly. The interesting thing about the kernel-mode drivers is that they are trusted by the OS and is able to access both the kernel and user space ("Memory Management 101", 2007).
Windows Process Management
In process management each process provides a measure to execute a program. The process management has an independent virtual address space that contains both data and code that are protected. Each process contains one or more independently executing threads. In the managing process and the creating of the applications can have many task that can process files or able to communicate with other networked systems. Performance can increase by taking advantage of multiple CPU processors (" Windows System Programming: Process Management", 2010). All processes contain a thread or many threads, for the Windows thread this is a simple executable thread. The entity within a process is called an execution, which is in a thread. All threads of a process share the virtual address space and the system resources.
Windows File Management
The new system that was developed by the developers of Windows NT is called NTFS, which stands for New Technology File System. This was developed for high-end requirements of workstations and servers such as computer servers, database servers, network applications, resource intensive engineering applications and file servers for client/server applications. Some of the great features that NTFS has is that it's flexible and strong file system built on a simple file system model. Here are some of the features that make NTFS. I will start with the recoverability, which has the system to recover from a system crashes, or disk failures that NTFS would be able to reconstruct disk volumes and bring them to a dependable state. The second feature is the security feature that NTFS uses the Windows object model to enforce security. The third feature is the large disk and large files that NTFS supports more efficiently. Another feature is that NTFS has multiple data streams. A great feature that NTFS also has is journaling that keeps a log of all the changes made on volume. Compression and encryption is another great feature since it gives the ability to compress and encrypt both files and whole directories transparently. Also, NTFS uses the entire disk storage concept such as storage, cluster and volume.
Windows Security
When it comes to security Windows provides a process that is applied to processes, threads, files, semaphores, windows and other objects. The access control scheme is a way for Windows to create a process that accepts user login information, which gives an access token that is associated with that process project. This access token has a SID, which is a security id, and this is how the system knows or identifies this user. The two main functions for the access token are to keep security information and access validation. The access token has the following parameters, which are security, group SID's, privileges, default owner, default ACL (“Operating System Concepts”, 2013) .The security descriptors are the flags, owner, system access control list and discretionary access control list.

References
Need more memory? Getting started with Windows memory management. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://searchenterprisedesktop.techtarget.com/tip/Need-more-memory-Quick-pointers-to-Windows-memory-management
Memory Management 101. (2007). Retrieved from http://blogs.technet.com/b/askperf/archive/2007/02/23/memory-management-101.aspx
Windows System Programming: Process Management. (2010). Retrieved from http://www.informit.com/articles/article.aspx?p=1564827
About Processes and Threads. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/ms681917%28v=VS.85%29.aspx
Wiley, J. (2013). Operating System Concepts (9th ed.). Retrieved from The University of Phoenix eBook Collection database.

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