...support policies beneficial to marginalized individuals, and to encourage those most affected to advocate for themselves. There is no need for an intensive plan of action, but there is a need for residents to be aware, and to make adjustments as they see fit. Introduction Gentrification is a recurrent problem in modern societies across the globe. It is a complex and highly nuanced subject, with a multitude of factors playing into its effects. The following analysis addresses the social (marginalization of minorities, impact on demographics, and quality of education), economic (increased rent, positive inclinations in...
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...Gentrification is a process of renovation and revival of deteriorated urban neighbourhoods which results from an influx of more affluent residents, a related increase in rents and property values, changes in the districts character and culture. Gentrification is generally seen by some as a negative and controversial topic, suggesting the displacement of low- income families and small businesses. Others see it as an increase in an area’s economy and a revitalisation of the built environment. In this essay I will be addressing whether gentrification does help or hinder low income, urban communities using references from contemporary examples such as New York City and London, I will outline both positive and negative impacts of gentrification...
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...Gentrification on our doorstep! In this article I will be exploring the term “gentrification” and analysis its real meaning in the real world. I will be also exploring the causes and damages gentrification causes in today's society. The term “gentrification” was coined by British sociologist Ruth Glass in 1964 to describe the influx of the middle class displacing lower class worker residents in urban neighbourhoods.The term was published in Ruth Glass’ book ‘London: aspects of change’ she stated that “One by one, many of the working class neighbourhoods of London have been invaded by the middle-classes—upper and lower” she also claimed that “Once this process of “gentrification” starts in a district it goes on rapidly, until all or most of the original working-class occupiers are displaced and the whole social character of the district is changed.” Many sociologists have tried to explain the causes of gentrification, sociologists Bruce London and J. John Palen came up with a list of five explanations these were: demographic-ecological, socio-cultural, political-economical, community networks, and social movements. These explanations were published in a book in 1984 called ‘Gentrification, Displacement, and Neighborhood Revitalization’. These are seen as the most accurate causes of gentrification. The first cause of gentrification (according to ‘Gentrification, Displacement, and Neighborhood Revitalization’), is demographic-ecological, which endeavors to illustrate gentrification...
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...suffered from urban decline in the past 30 years due to many reasons. Urban decline is generally defined as when an area starts losing businesses, people lose their jobs, people move away from the area as the local economy shrinks meaning the desirability of the area as a whole also falls. In response to this urban decline, many local governments have introduced urban regeneration schemes. Urban regeneration is the attempt to reverse that decline by both improving the physical structure, and, more importantly and elusively, the economy of those areas. Re-urbanisation is the movement of people back to live in old city centres and inner city areas that have been redeveloped. The four different processes that drive re-urbanisation are Gentrification (Notting Hill), through partnerships (Sheffield City Centre and Park Hill Flats), property led regeneration schemes (Sheffield Development Cooperation in the Lower Don Valley) and Urban Re-Generation in Mumbai. One partnership scheme which aimed to achieve urban regeneration was the Urban Splash scheme in Sheffield which focused on the regeneration of the Park Hill flats just outside the city’s CBD. The flats were built in 1957 to ease the problem of developing slums in the area. However over time the flats have become an eyesore. They were rundown and crime and vandalism became a problem. The regeneration scheme worked towards improving the aesthetics of the flats by adding coloured panels and glass to the exterior and by making the...
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...concentrating on using gentrification indicators as a framework to examine and analyse changes to predict the gentrification within community neighbourhoods, to find a solution for an investment company to find an area, which has a potential to become gentrified. The objectives of this programme is to establish and point out the factors influencing gentrification within any town in the world, in this case in United Kingdom, that may be going through gentrification process – changes that result when wealthier people acquire or rent property in low income and working class communities (Grant, 2003). The research needs to be carried out to establish what factors cause gentrification, to examine demographic shifts, how to control gentrification etc...There are two wider areas with main issues that we need to be concentrating, when researching gentrification: Production-supply of 'gentrifiable' property; the workings of housing and land markets; spatial flows of capital and the 'rent-gap'; role of public and private finance; 'uneven development' (Slater, 2000). Consumption- The characteristics of the 'pool of gentrifiers'; 'new middle-class' ideology; consumer demand and consumption practices; (counter) cultural politics; the roles of race, gender and sexuality; education, occupational change and household composition (Slater, 2000). This section brought out the objectives of this paper, next I am giving a brief overview on the background and significance of gentrification. IV. Background...
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...urban planning issues are exemplified through the urban neighborhood, also referred to as the hood, in South Central Los Angeles. The film puts into perspective the effect gun violence, gentrification and role model relationships in an urban slum. The creation of these urban slums comes directly from a term known as gentrification. Gentrification is the process of shifting an urban community towards a wealthier one by removing the lower class from the area and forcing them to relocate. Resulting from gentrification, new urban slums are created which have a high density of residents on the lower end of the socio-economic hierarchy. Consequentially, these urban planning issues...
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...Gentrification should be illegal unless all parties owning property, not just land, agree with the organization that is attempting to obtain the area. The laws should be that, any resident living there that cannot afford to pay the increased rent be compensated towards other housing and acceptable living situations. Gentrification should benefit everyone involved, not just the wealthy in sacrifice of the less fortunate. Gentrification has good attentions on paper, but people are willing to hurt others for benefit. Gentrification should be considered illegal if all parties involved do not agree to it. Although the definition of gentrification may seem that this act is good for the targeted community by bring more revenue and money into the area and decreasing the crime rate, it does have a negative effect. Not all homeowners and renters are willing to leave the land and area that that they have resided on for many years. In most cases the people’s voices are not really heard if the local government agrees to gentrify the community. People that own property that has been a part of the neighborhood for years should have more say on the decisions in the process. Once you live somewhere for so long it is unethical to force people out for the benefit of money and more attraction. However, if gentrification cannot be stopped then any resident who cannot afford to live in the area after the cost of rent is raised should be compensated to help them find new and acceptable living. More...
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...Definition of Gentrification: Gentrification is just one of the nebulous social issues taking place within modern Brixton, as London becomes more globalized and newer forms of ‘urban renewal’ are put into place. This particular urban phenomenon is best characterized as gentrification, which is defined for the purposes of this argument as a middle-class effort to undermine the local populace’s business, structure, and daily life by asserting their own values (Merriam-Webster). Expressed in expansive economic terms by Eric Clark, gentrification is noted as: “a process involving a change in the population of land-users such that the new users are of a higher socio-economic status than the previous users, together with an associated change in...
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...Poet, Seeing Black, 2001) A first glance at the neighborhood of Gowanus would prove gritty, tarnished, and run down. Located on Southern Brooklyn at the mouth of a historical bay long utilized for merchant activity, Gowanus makes up the neighborhood directly surrounding the famed Gowanus Canal. One of America’s most polluted waterways, the 1.8 mile canal slices through the neighborhood; with industry, craft arts, and commercial development densely lining its banks. In 2010, The EPA placed the site on its Superfund National Priorities List, a major advancement towards a complete cleanup of the heavily polluted canal (Spitzer-Rubenstein, 2012). Currently, as the community of Gowanus eyes future development in the face of environmental gentrification, heightened concern regarding public health and community sustainability is visible a neighborhood whose key feature is an extremely polluted waterway. The Gowanus Canal was first developed for industry in the mid 19th century. The 100 foot wide, 12 foot foot deep canal to nowhere quickly became one of America’s shortest and most productive waterways. Heavy polluters like Manufactured Gas Plants, which gasify coal, soap manufacturers, and tanneries lined its banks, carelessly dumping industrial waste (Prete, 2010). Within a decade of it’s completion, it was fouled by illegal dumping and raw sewage, described as “VERY VILE… a nuisance seriously affecting the health of South Brooklyn people…” in an 1877 issue of the Brooklyn Eagle. When...
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...Christopher Cordon Sociology 142 Friday 4- 4:50 P.M. 04-12-16 USC Village: What’s the Cost? Jack hammers, dump trucks, construction cranes and safety cones; all in a days work at USC’s new university village. We’ve all been somewhat affected by the recent demolition and construction in and around USC. Along with all the construction going on, traffic jams, detours as well as some of the noise going on, students such as myself aren’t the only ones affected. As beautiful and appealing as these renovations might seem, the price of a new beautiful new village does come at a cost to the residents, businesses and employees of the surrounding community. I was a member of this community as a young kid. I went to Vermont Ave. elementary just down the street form USC, and growing up, I did see a few changes here and there. Back in the early 90’s, the neighborhood had a completely different feel to it. There were gangs, drugs, and violence; typical for a South Los Angeles neighborhood. Over the years, USC’s presence started to change a few things. As students began to trickle over to the northwest neighborhoods, the tone of the neighborhood slowly changed. I was in elementary, so I didn’t really make much of it, only that a few of my friends from my block began moving away. As an 8 year old, you don’t really put two and two together until I started noticing the same thing in my new neighborhood in East Hollywood. Since it wasn’t a college neighborhood, there wasn’t a diverse group...
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...The Power of the Mall Everyday life from a geographic perspective can be best understood when connecting meanings and emotions to specific places of social interaction. Place can be best understood as an area with a special meaning and strong sense of identity which is recognized by society. Place can be describes it as “coming into existence when humans give meaning to a part of the larger, undifferentiated space.”[1] Space can be viewed as a physical expression of social relations, a process that is continuous and ever changing. An important factor to consider when conceptualizing the terms space and place is to understand precise definitions are based on individual’s perceptions and emotions towards a given area. Space is an area that can be used to understand the relationships between society and self, using different social experiences that emphasize a unique significance in an individual’s everyday life. Living in a commodified society, shopping malls offer customers a sense of comfort, satisfaction, and entertainment, as they are now multi-purpose institutions that center on the means of consumption. Writers such as Daniel Miller, and Pierre Bourdeieu interpret shopping malls as “a part of the process by which goods communicate, and are communicated as, social relationships.”[2] Containing over 275 stores and multiple restaurants and coffee shops with its recent expansion, Yorkdale Shopping Centre one of the most popular upscale malls in the City of Toronto.[3] It’s...
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...The urban in fragile, uncertain, neoliberal times: towards new geographies of social justice? R. ALAN WALKS Department of Geography, University of Toronto Mississauga, Mississauga, Ontario, Cananda L5L 1C6 (e-mail: alan.walks@utoronto.ca) Canadian cities are at a crossroads. The neoliberalization of governance at multiple scales, inadequate re-investment in urban infrastructure, increasing reliance on continental and international trade, and the restructuring of the space economy have combined to weaken Canada’s cities just as the global economic system is undergoing transformation. Canadian urban geographic scholarship has much to offer under current conditions, and is already making significant contributions in key areas. In particular, research on what might be called the contours and impacts of urban restructuring and the neoliberal city, immigration and cities of difference, and urban environmental justice show much promise and are likely to define the core of Canadian urban geography into the future. Key words: cities, urban geography, Canada, economic restructuring, neoliberalism, social justice L’urbain ` une ´poque fragile, incertaine et a e n´olib´rale: vers de nouvelles g´ographies de la e e e justice sociale? ` Les villes canadiennes sont a la crois´e des chemins. e Alors que l’´conomie mondiale traverse une p´riode e e de transformation, la situation des villes au Canada se pr´carise avec les effets de la restructuration e ` n´olib´rale de la gouvernance a multiples...
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...of minority mothers and fathers. “Research have documented that African American children those parents provided positive, protective, proactive and corrective messages about the effects of race were better able to deter negative societal imagery, were better al to develop a healthy sense of self and were better prepared academically than were African American children who had not received positive messages” (Bradley et al., 2005, p.3). Looking Forward Urban schools are faced with challenges, but have unique qualities and possess benefits. Urban schools have a diverse population, which invites the ideas of a multicultural environment. Students, staffs and families have the opportunity to learn and experience a new culture. Educators are given the opportunity their students growth and potential. Students attending urban schools potential and talents are disregarded due to their race, ethnicity and neighborhood. Also, educators’ views about marginalized groups are altered. The media portrays minorities in a negative light. Working in urban schools allows educators to become familiar with different students and families. As a result, educators’ attitudes and views are based on their personal experiences with minorities and not views of the media. In the future, I imagine the ideas and stereotypes about urban schools will transform. Presently, gentrification is occurring in urban neighborhoods. Eventually, the neighborhoods are developed with better buildings, cleaner sidewalks...
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...Skip to content HOME BLOG A2 GEOGRAPHY Discuss the roles and relative importance of NICs and TNCs in a changing global economy. Discuss the roles and relative importance of NICs and TNCs in a changing global economy. An economy is the activities related to the production of goods and services within a specified geographic region. This can exist on a national scale, the trade and services within a country, but equally, if countries trade goods and services with each other, their economies interact, it can happen on a global scale, this is known as globalisation. This interaction of economies on a worldwide scale is else known as the global economy, and NICs and TNCs play a fundamental role in changing how it operates. An ‘NIC’, else known as a ‘newly industrialising country’ is a country where industrial production has grown sufficiently for it to become a major source of their income as a nation. A ‘TNC’ is a company that operates in at least two countries. They often have management headquarters in their home country and operate in host countries alongside; examples would include GlaxoSmithKline, BP, Wal-Mart and Coca-Cola. NICs are having a prominent impact on sculpting the global economy. They are characterised by the fact that they are gaining an increasing share of the world manufacturing output, a significant growth in their manufactured export production and a significant annual growth in their manufacturing sector. The first generation of NICs were,...
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...States has yet to address. Changes in the global economy, technology, and race relations during the last 30 years have necessitated new and innovative analyses and policy responses. A common thread which weaves throughout many of the studies reviewed here is the dynamics of migration. In When Work Disappears, immigrants provide comparative data with which to highlight the problems of ghetto poverty affecting blacks. In No Shame in My Game, Puerto Rican and Dominican immigrants are part of the changing demographics in Harlem. In Canarsie, the possible migration of blacks into a working/middle-class neighborhood prompts conservative backlash from a traditionally liberal community. In Streetwise, the migration of yuppies as a result of gentrification, and the movement of nearby-ghetto blacks into these urban renewal sites also invoke fear of crime and neighborhood devaluation among the gentrifying community. Not only is migration a common thread, but the persistence of poverty, despite the current economic boom, is the cornerstone of all these works. Poverty, complicated by the dynamics of race in America, call for universalistic policy strategies, some of which are articulated in Poor Support and The War Against the Poor. In When Work Disappears, William Julius Wilson builds upon many of the insights he introduced in The Truly Disadvantaged, such as the rampant joblessness, social isolation, and lack of marriageable males that characterized many urban ghetto neighborhoods. In...
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