...review of the positivist and interpretive paradigms and discussion on how they are both related to the proposed study 'Chinese culture on learning and the use of meta-cognitive language-learning strategies at an institute of vocational education in Hong Kong'. By Manfred Wu "I certify that this work is entirely my own and has not been accepted as part of a submission to another degree course" _________________________ Word Length: 5,964 Abstract This paper begins with a review of the positivist and interpretive paradigms. After the description of a proposed study on Chinese values on learning and use of meta-cognitive language-learning strategies (MCLLS), how the study emerges from the two paradigms is discussed. Discussions show that the aims of the study of gathering descriptive data and exploring relationships between the two variables as well as the use of survey method are more pertained to the positivist paradigm as it shares features with the paradigm including a high degree of control over responses, use of statistics both for descriptive and for determining relationships and researchers being detached by adopting the role of an objective and passive informant. Other aims of generating insights on the two selected concepts, collecting information from respondents' frame of reference, focusing on the whole institutional setting and the use of semi-structured interview are more pertained to the interpretive paradigm. It is because...
Words: 7379 - Pages: 30
...Introduction In this essay, it will firstly introduce a well-known paper in my research area, named The Balanced Scorecard-Measures That Drive Performance, then the underlying assumptions and paradigm of this research will be discussed and identified. After that, some criticize will be raised from the view of other paradigms, the difference of underlying assumptions will be explained in the end. Paper of Balanced Scorecard In 1992, Robert S. Kaplan and David P. Norton published the paper named The Balanced Scorecard - Measures That Drive Performance, this paper is based on a year-long research project with 12 companies at the leading edge of performance measurement. It changed the traditional performance measurement (which only concerns the financial performance of the company) by introducing four aspects of performance : financial perspective; customer perspective; internal process perspective and learning and innovation perspective. The paper argues that managers could have a better understanding and control of their companies by answering the basic questions related to these perspectives. For example: How do customers see us(customer perspective); What must we excel at(internal perspective); Can we continue to improve and create value(innoviation and learning perspective); How do we look to shareholders(financial perspective). The paper also demonstrated some examples of how to build the balanced scorecard for the company and developed the performance measurement system...
Words: 926 - Pages: 4
...28th October 2011 Reflective journal Section M I start reading the with something unknown to me but as i move further in book,i become so glad to have solution of my main problems in my hand and start reading with more interest. I realised that indeed I’ve many paradigms and the first of all the paradigm I’m having is that somehow I believe that I’m not a good cricketer. I’ve been playing cricket since I was 9 years old. I’ve played for my school, academy and numerous clubs, but the fact that I’ve never been able to score a century and that some of my fellows are playing today at a higher level than me is something that annoys me. Moreover I also think that I’m a slow or maybe poor learner. It takes me hours to understand few pages of my course pack and consequently I’m always unable to score good in exams because mostly I’m not able to complete my syllabus on time. Similarly I think that I’m not an intelligent student Principles are foundation of any great personalities in the world because they show you to world what you are.principle of loyalty is which i am following because loyalty to any cuase , task ,person takes you nearer to that and inreturn you will get loyalty of that.Principle of respect is also an important factor that's what i m following baecuase great personalities...
Words: 349 - Pages: 2
...The Influences of Online Gaming to the Academic Performance of the Grade 10 Business High School Students of Pasig Catholic College School Year 2015-2016 By Mesfin Bram. Diosina Jarazea Ron Bugnot Alyza Clariss Anne Lazaro Erica Mae Balogbog Enzo Rafael Raymundo Milleamor Joy Gulde Chapter 1: THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND: Introduction: Many students this time likes to play online games such as Defense of the Ancients, League of Legends, and other online games that sometimes students forget their academic responsibilities and they end up either having low grades or failing tests and their subjects. Most of them goes to internet shops/cafes after school and play games for a minimum amount of money but they often stay there for a long period of time, most of them plays for an hour or two but some can play longer than the latter. We as students, also play and enjoy online games because playing online games is part of our leisure time as a teenager or student. We may spend a lot of time and money on it, but some students like us maintain our grades but mostly fail our grades due to ‘gaming overdose’ and that can’t be avoided due to adrenaline rushes that the games’ thrill gives us, but it can be stopped. We can stop it by limiting our gaming habits so that we can...
Words: 642 - Pages: 3
...Principles That Promote Learning Natalie White ORG 525 Mr. Foster September 4, 2002 Principles That Promote Learning Many of today’s schools are not organized to effectively support and encourage learning. Our existing administrative structures—often organized in a bureaucratic and hierarchical configuration, our value systems, and our professional training programs are often in conflict with the kind of systemic change that the times demand. Teachers are isolated, without opportunities to collaboratively solve problems, share information, learn together, and plan for improving student achievement. Too often, students are not provided with work that is engaging, that meets high academic standards, and that is challenging and satisfying. Time is not always utilized effectively, and technologies that could enhance teaching and learning are either not available or not fully utilized. And our educational leadership preparation programs have not prepared their graduates to identify, address, and resolve these issues. My finding articles “Sculpting the learning community: New forms of working and organization” by Karen E. Watkins and Victoria J. Marsick, talk about how “school are communities in which learning is supposed to take place, but they do not always function well as learning communities. The important of this article is that it gives one version of targets, key aspect of learning organizations as the basis for self-examination. As the learner read...
Words: 777 - Pages: 4
...Strategic Planning Study Guide Strategic Planning is the process which the guiding members of an organization envision it future and develop the procedures and operations necessary to achieve that future. ************************************************************************ OldWay vs NewWay OldWay (in order of priorities) 1. The Document...the bigger the better, get the bosses of your back 2. The Process...delegated to an individual or the command staff 3. The Implementation...they could not care less NewWay (in order of priorities) 1. Implementation... 2. Process... 3. Document... The old way was about efficiency. Satisfying a govt body who wanted a document. The new way is about effectiveness. If you focus on effectiveness, the likely by product is that you will be efficient. If you focus on efficiency, the likeliness of being effective is 50/50. Involvement and participation by a lot of people equals successful implementation... The lack of the same equals resistance. You want to create ownership of the plan by the troops. ************************************************************************ Course Objectives 1. Recognize, understand and interpret emerging trends. Example: All drug trends start on the west coast. 2. Describe leadership traits of future leaders. Visionary, competent, lead by example, integrity, 3. Develop a positive organizational culture. Example: Foster learning, don't micromanage, don't manage for the slugs (10%) manage ...
Words: 2534 - Pages: 11
...#1: Paradigm shift Bionics technology Bionics technology is the use of systems and methods that occur naturally and then applying those methods and systems to engineering and technology studies (1). One example of how the study of systems in nature have been used to develop products that can be manufactured and taken to market was in the development of dirt and water resistant paint. The paint was developed after observing that nothing will stick to the leaf of the Lotus flower (2). Another example of technology that was developed from studying nature would be Sonar which mimics the echolocation of bats (3). There are currently several companies, including Raytheon and Lockheed Martin, which are developing Ekso Bionics body armor for military use. These suits would allow a soldier to lift as much as 200Lbs without assistance reducing the need for special lifting equipment in the field (4). Another advantage to soldier’s would be the ability to run greater distances with less fatigue. This would be accomplished because the weight of the soldier would be transferred to the ground through titanium legs (5). The lack of a reliable, lightweight power source is the one thing that is currently holding back the development and use of Ekso Bionics. However, developers are currently exploring the use of electrochemical and solid oxide fuel cells to overcome this problem (6). In the future this technology will be used in a more routine day to day basis in areas such as manufacturing...
Words: 373 - Pages: 2
...faced to “revolutionary change” as paradigm shift. He describe it as a borderline or limitation we have set to our norm that affects how we view new ideas or change in the workplace or invention. He mentioned that great scientists and inventors of the past misread the sign of new ideas, because their old paradigm (system of rules that set limits on new ideas) could not reimagine the possibility of that idea to come true with the known resources. Barker express that one have to be able to look beyond their present paradigm to see what changes could occurs in society. People such as Einstein, Darwin and Copernicus (the Earth revolves around the Sun and not the other way around) saw adjusted to the new paradigm. 2. I believe this video is an exact example of the struggles managers of various levels and skills face today and of previous times. When in a managerial position, one is expected to be a team player than Mr. /Miss Do It Yourself (DIY). According to the textbook, one of the major challenges managers face especially new managers is changing from their old paradigm role to the new paradigm role they play in the company. One specific struggle is going from a personal identity (as the textbook described) to general specialist. Before the managerial position, you’ll be an independent entity, you having the feeling that you are capable of doing every task alone with minimal dependency on others (co-workers or supervisors). However, this paradigm normally does not make a successful...
Words: 608 - Pages: 3
...| When paradigm shifts take place, we see things from a different perspective as we focus on different aspects within our lives. In regards to the work environment, shifting paradigms can directly impact the quality of the products and services. I used to believe that a successful management system breeds a consistent result. However, working for a huge company like AT&T, shifts in management styles can oftentimes yield varying results. AT&T has a reputation of being ahead of the game in regards to technology and the wave of the future. So one would think that “working on the inside” of the business I would be on top of the leading technology. I can heartily say “NOT” due to economic changes that AT&T has endured over the 16+ years that I have been employed by them. The first critical aspect of paradigm shift in an organization is making changes to the culture. When I first started working for AT&T I came into a business that was essentially operated solely by the service of humans. Automation was not quite as intricate as it is today so placing a long distance, calling card or collect call required the aid of a human operator to complete. The culture at the time was people oriented and employees really took the time to service customers and oftentimes put their heart and soul into making the business successful by developing initiatives that were filtered from bottom up. Suggestions and process improvement was encouraged directly from the employees that answered...
Words: 525 - Pages: 3
...Paradigm Shifts A paradigm shift is a shift in world view which occurs whenever there is a period of stagnation and presents a radical new idea, such as the transition from steam to combustion engines. If paradigm shifts occur at an exponential rate, change approaches infinite, and is expected to reach a singularity where after that point; nothing can be known which NASA has categorized it as an impending event, estimated for 2035. As paradigm shifts occur exponentially, so will the symptoms of the Dark Age be exacerbated including the five beneficent pillars. The meanings of words exponentially vary causing lexical complexity to decay along with the ability to discern reality until it is virtual due to semantic shifts. The severity of higher education may soon become nil as nanotechnology will allow scanning of the brain thus, all thoughts, memories and knowledge can be transferred, recreated or stored for another human. Science and technology won’t help us master reality but instead further enslave the population due to greater dependences on things like nanotechnology to fight disease. Since that is power, governments will ignore needs and possibilities to focus on the prior, and no opposition will exist as semantic shifts further confuse population and government between mechanism and purpose. Finally, the individual must constantly adapt to growing environments due to paradigm shifts, and therefore causes greater inauthenticity which leads to greater ironic detachment. Thus...
Words: 268 - Pages: 2
...Kuhn's Challenge of the Logical Positivism Viewpoint In Kuhn's book, he argues that there are three phases to the scientific discipline. The first is immature science. It does not yet have a paradigm, consisting of many competing schools who all hold a small bit of truth and are trying to prove why their theory has more merit than the others. Once the paradigm is adopted however, the discipline can move into normal science. Much of the experiments and work done is correcting measurements, trying to uphold the current paradigm, and seeking out new experiments and data that must exist according to the paradigm. Kuhn then explains the third phase, scientific revolution. This is when the previous paradigm is overturned and replaced by a new paradigm. He explains that revolutionary science is vastly different than normal science. Normal science is about forcing nature to fit scientific theories, instead of the other way around. Normal science is also engrossed in collecting new data, experiments, theories, and puzzle pieces that will support a certain theory. He explains that revolutions are brought about as a crisis in the science field. The revolutions are total and completely replace a previous paradigm. They are usually sudden and unpredictable, brought on by a puzzle piece that just doesn't fit the rest of the pieces. He explains that complexity is a requisite for change in his quote, “Given a particular discrepancy, astronomers were invariably able to eliminate it by making...
Words: 665 - Pages: 3
...E-governance: Dream of the nation M. Shoeb Chowdhury Globalisation is the process of increasing connectivity and interdependence of the world's markets and businesses. In the last three decades, two driving forces -- advances in telecommunications infrastructure and the rise of the information technology, and its rapid productivity growth in the global economy -- played a key role in accelerating the pace of internationalisation. Information Technology (IT) dramatically changed traditional business and working patterns in the 1990s. Companies are now redistributing their businesses and jobs around the world. We know that Electronic Governance (popularly referred to as e-governance) is one of the most significant tools for shaping business and economics today. According to The Economist's print edition, February 14, 2008: "Countries like India may leapfrog the rich world. As it becomes clear that getting entrenched rich-country bureaucracies to move towards e-government will be slow and difficult, hopes are turning to poorer countries. Not that their bureaucracies are intrinsically more promising. Even under British colonial rule, Mahatma Gandhi was a severe critic of Indian officialdom. His words of advice are displayed in public offices all over India: "Who is a customer? The customer is the most important visitor on our premises. He is not dependent on us. We are dependent on him. He is not an interruption of our work. He is the purpose of it. He is not an outsider in our...
Words: 1166 - Pages: 5
...Personal Exploration of Knowledge Darchelle Mitchell University of Phoenix Personal Exploration of Knowledge What is epistemology? Simply put, it is the science or study of knowledge. It is curious that often human beings do not question the origin of knowledge, especially concerning common-sense beliefs and practices, taking on the notion that having been there always, it is tested, established, and proven to be true over practice. If knowledge is socially created and structured by man, it will also be subject to the flaws and fallibility and human thought. Epistemology addresses this by asking questions like - how is knowledge acquired and established, how do we know what we know, what is knowledge? These are basic and intriguing questions about knowledge that is not often addressed by us human beings when confronted with new or ordinary ideas and knowledge systems. They are important to ask however simply because human society's bedrock is knowledge; we live our lives influenced by systems of knowledge that control our ways of thinking, doing, and living from our simplest to most complicated tasks. Epistemology To truly understand epistemology as the philosophy and science of knowledge, it is important to understand what knowledge means. Knowledge is the knowing and familiarity of a skill, a person, an event, of facts, of descriptions, of abstract concepts. Acquiring knowledge...
Words: 1492 - Pages: 6
...to get other people to like them. Personality ethic is illusory and deceptive and trying to get high quality results with its techniques and quick fixes – not effective at all. Paradigm The book talks a lot about paradigm shifts and I remember having to look it up in the dictionary to find the true meaning of it; paradigm meaning: model, theory, perception, assumption, the way we see world. Conditioning affects our perceptions/paradigms (old/young lady drawing example in the book worth checking out). We see the world not as it is but as ‘we are’ through our paradigms. Different people can have different views and still both be correct. The more aware we are of our basic paradigms the more we can examine/test them against reality, listen to others and be open to their perceptions getting a larger picture and far more objective view. Paradigm shifts move us from one way of seeing the world to another. They influence our relationship with others. Not all are good. If we want to make relatively minor changes in our lives we can appropriately focus our attitudes and behaviours, but to make significant quantum change we need to work on our basic paradigms from which our attitudes and behaviours flow. Paradigms are powerful because they create the lens though which we see the world. The power of paradigm shift is the essential power of quantum change whether that shift is instantaneous or a slow and deliberate...
Words: 992 - Pages: 4
...ITT Tech Gary Sims Jr. a significant change in the paradigm of any discipline or group: “Putting skilled, tenured teachers in failing schools would cause a paradigm shift in teaching and education.” 08 Fall Paradigm Shift A Paradigm Shift is not just a small change in science, or the modification of a theory. It is a scientific revolution and completely changes the way in which science looks at the world. It often dictates how the public looks at the world. A paradigm shift is often the result of scientists working at the fringe of the paradigm, performing research that most other researchers feel is a little misguided, or a dead end. In most instances, this view is correct but, every so often, a scientist has a revelation. More often than not, they feel the weight of scientific and public opinion, and become ridiculed. However, slowly but surely, other scientists try out the research, and a few lost voices in the wilderness increase into a new way of thinking. For example, explorations of chaos theory took a long time to take root, and his ideas were marginalized, because they lay outside the established classical paradigm of physics. Early Chaos Theorists found difficulties in receiving funding, finding supervisors, and finding journals willing to publish their research. Kuhn’s paradigm definition is a little more than a theory, although the terms are often used interchangeably. It is a complete and overall view of a phenomenon, often relying upon some basic principles...
Words: 622 - Pages: 3
