...Depression is a serious mental health condition that often goes undiagnosed. It is common to occasionally feel sad or down and out, but those with depression feel this way a majority of the time. People with severe depression can feel so hopeless that they often become suicidal. Depression interferes with daily life and causes pain for both the person and their family. Most people do not seek treatment, but for those who do, they can get better with medications and psychotherapy. Depressive illnesses are disorders of the brain. It is caused by genetics, medications, biological, and cognitive factors. According to the World Health Organization, 350 million people worldwide suffer from depression. It is the leading cause of disability...
Words: 758 - Pages: 4
...Depression has been described, as 'the common cold of all psychological disorders' as 7 to 12 per cent of men and 20 to 25 per cent of women will suffer from depression in their lifetime. Postpartum Depression or PPD is a serious disease that affects as many as 60 percent of new mothers. The new mother’s may not feel love for their newborn and may have no energy to take care of the child. They may also suffer from insomnia, excessive eating, anorexia, or even hyperventilation. They often feel guilty and worthless because they know that they should not feel this way. There is no set pattern for those who are most likely to be affected by Postpartum Depression. The purpose of researching Postpartum Depression and the treatments is to learn how to better care for the women and their children. Postpartum Depression is a serious illness and without proper treatment and attention the children born to women who develop Postpartum Disease may grow up without proper care and in the most serious of cases, some children die of neglect or abuse. The articles used for this paper investigate the mother’s relationship with their partner during pregnancy, the perception of prenatal partner support, the association of maternal and paternal PPD, and the associations of relationship adjustment and symptoms of depressions and anxiety. The knowledge gain from researching this topic and from the articles is that spousal support has become a very big factor in postpartum depression. Spousal support...
Words: 1193 - Pages: 5
...Postpartum Depression Anai Pineda March 10, 2014 I. Introduction In this report it is my intention to provide the reader with a better understanding of postpartum depression. To start off, it is necessary to understand that postpartum depression can be divided into three categories: postpartum blues, postpartum depression, and postpartum psychosis. A comparison of these three disorders can be seen in figure 2. Some of the characteristics of postpartum depression include a change in appetite, feeling unable to love the baby, or even anger towards the baby. Cases of postpartum depression date back as far as the Middle Ages when “women who exhibited melancholy during or after childbirth were thought to be witches or victims of witchcraft (Sparks).” In today’s modern world we have learned to see past outdated beliefs in witchcraft and that is why “there is a growing movement to integrate mental health screening into routine primary care for pregnant and postpartum women and to follow up this screening with treatment or referral and with follow-up care (O’Hara and McCabe).” II. Disorder and Symptoms Baby blues encompasses the most common symptoms that new mothers may have after the arrival of their baby. These symptoms last only a few days to a couple of weeks and include mood swings, anxiety, sadness, irritability, crying, decreased concentration, and trouble sleeping. Postpartum depression “may appear to be the baby blues at first, but the signs and symptoms are more intense...
Words: 1314 - Pages: 6
...POSTPARTUM DEPRESSION: LITERATURE REVIEW OF RISK FACTORS AND INTERVENTIONS Donna E. Stewart, MD, FRCPC E. Robertson, M.Phil, PhD Cindy-Lee Dennis, RN, PhD Sherry L. Grace, MA, PhD Tamara Wallington, MA, MD, FRCPC ©University Health Network Women’s Health Program 2003 Prepared for: Toronto Public Health October 2003 Women’s Health Program Financial assistance by Health Canada Toronto Public Health Advisory Committee: Jan Fordham, Manager, Planning & Policy – Family Health Juanita Hogg-Devine, Family Health Manager Tobie Mathew, Health Promotion Consultant – Early Child Development Project Karen Wade, Clinical Nurse Specialist, Planning & Policy – Family Health Mary Lou Walker, Family Health Manager Karen Whitworth, Mental Health Manager Copyright: Copyright of this document is owned by University Health Network Women’s Health Program. The document has been reproduced for purposes of disseminating information to health and social service providers, as well as for teaching purposes. Citation: The following citation should be used when referring to the entire document. Specific chapter citations are noted at the beginning of each chapter. Stewart, D.E., Robertson, E., Dennis, C-L., Grace, S.L., & Wallington, T. (2003). Postpartum depression: Literature review of risk factors and interventions. POSTPARTUM DEPRESSION: LITERATURE REVIEW OF RISK FACTORS AND INTERVENTIONS Table of Contents EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 2 OVERALL METHODOLOGICAL FRAMEWORK 5 CHAPTER 1: RISK FACTORS FOR...
Words: 108533 - Pages: 435
...Christina Pickett Reflective Learning EDU-233022-01X December 3, 2014 Research Paper Trauma and Birth Healing from a traumatic birthing experiences could be achieved through reflection. A traumatic birth experience can be described differently by all demographics of women and cover a wide range of reasons for labeling the birth as traumatic. According to Katherine Stone of Postpartum Progress (1) One of the leading causes of post-partum post-traumatic stress disorder is when a women’s reflection of her birth includes some recollection of feeling as if either her life of that of her child was in danger. In some instances depending on if a mother was predisposed to depression or other mental illness, either by prior diagnosis or genetics this recollection of trauma may be very minor in comparison to another experience. We must be open minded when discussing something as a trauma, what might be considered traumatic to one person may have been no issue for another. Katherine Stone of Postpartum Progress describes this as “The actual experience, and how the mother feels about her experience, both matter.” Trauma is defined by Webster dictionary as “Any physical damage to the body causes by violence or accident or fracture etc.” as well as, ”an emotional wound or shock often having long lasting effect.” Synonyms: Psychic trauma. So how do we learn from a traumatic birth? First we must learn to ask the tough questions. We can’t be afraid to ask our healthcare providers...
Words: 1140 - Pages: 5
...Amber M. Paradise Kaplan University Abstract This paper explores four articles about research on the complicated relationship between mental health and substance use disorders. I focused my research on the relationship between depression, including post-partum, and alcoholism. In this paper, I will explain why my client, Rhonda is considered dually diagnosed, I will explain the health problems that can occur from using alcohol and the effects alcohol has on the brain and body, I will explain how alcohol impacts depression, and last, I will explain the specific problems that exist in treating the dually diagnosed individual. An individual who has any combination of a mental disorder (anxiety, depression, bipolar disorder) and addiction (drugs, alcohol, sex, gambling) is considered to be dual diagnosed. (Foundations Recovery Network, 1995) In one article, Paljärvi (2009) states “experimental studies have found that alcohol intoxication can produce even severe depressive symptoms during heavy drinking episodes.” Becker (2012) states in his article, “Alcohol has anxiety-reducing properties and can relieve stress, while at the same time acting as a stressor and activating the bodies stress response systems.” According to Evans and Sullivan (2001), individuals with a history of alcohol dependence, especially those early in recovery and those who are older, show significant cognitive impairments. Individuals with major depression also have significant cognitive deficits and the two...
Words: 2258 - Pages: 10
...Running head: BIPOLAR I & II 1 Bipolar I & II Research Paper (Main Focus on Bipolar II) Perry Blankenship Liberty University BIPOLAR I & II 2 Abstract This paper will cover the diagnoses and treatment of Bipolar II. This paper will show that Bipolar II is found in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM). This paper will also discuss the use of medication as part of the treatment process for this disorder. This paper will research some of the similar and conflicting attributes of Bipolar I and II. This paper will also show that Bipolar II is a disorder that can be maintained but is never fully cured. This paper will also consider the Christian world view concerning Bipolar Disorder. BIPOLAR I & II 3 According to Maddux and Winstead (2008), Bipolar II is defined as “One or more major depressive episodes accompanied by at least one hypomanic episode.” Bipolar II patients are not as disabled, and they do not present the same psychotic features as Bipolar I patients with manic episodes. When researching information about Bipolar II Disorder a researcher will need to look under...
Words: 4260 - Pages: 18
...illness, the patient’s social and medical history, and any other possible information. It is a difficult process, but at the same time, very important as it creates a basis in caring for a patient. Luckily, nurses have many assessment tools available to help them and to guide them through the process of assessment. What is also very important is knowledge of Watson’s model of nursing and how it is focusing on holistic care and establishing a relationship between patients and caregivers (De Chesnay & Anderson, 2012, Ch.6). In this essay I am going to describe three assessment tools that I have chosen and also how they can be used when caring for population I described in last week paper. The three assessment tools I want to present are the: Apgar Score, Finnegan Scale, and Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS). The Apgar Score was introduced in 1953 by the American doctor specializing in anesthesiology and pediatrics, Virginia Apgar (Kids Health, 1998). It was named after her and to this day doctors and nurses use it worldwide to evaluate how babies are doing after the delivery. It is the first test the newborn takes and it quickly allows making important decisions about the further diagnosis and necessary treatment of a baby. In addition it is cheap and fast. It consists of five elements and each of them can be scored between 0-2 with 2 being the highest. The five areas include: “A” for activity or muscle tone, “P” for pulse or heart rate, “G” stands for grimace or reflexes...
Words: 1490 - Pages: 6
...Research Paper: Victory Over Depression Abstract: In today’s society depression can be seen as taboo and something that is not socially acceptable. However, it is the ongoing reality for many women. The struggle with depression in the life of women is more common than not, whether it is undiagnosed or diagnosis it is prevalent regardless of ones socioeconomically background. The paper will explore depression onset, treatment and explore how individuals can have work towards having complete victory over depression. Class session 9 – “Fox Meadows Assisted Living”, page 177-178, Sweeney-Feld and Oetjen textbook. The case study questions that you must respond to are found on page 178. The review of each team case should not exceed 12 double spaced pages, not including your APA cover page and a reference page. All type must be Times Roman 12 point pica. Use the APA style for citing all sources The team management paper (e.g., case analysis) accounts for 25 points, or 25 percent of your grade Background: The black box of depression can potentially have an unpredictable impact on the life of an individual. Those who struggle with this diagnosis on a day to day basis at times cannot predict the outcome of the situation if left untreated. That National Alliance of Mental Illness reports nearly 15 million Americans averaging one and ten adults experience some form of depression annually. The statistics amongst women are considerably startling because one...
Words: 2589 - Pages: 11
...INTRAPARTUM WHO DELIVERED IN LYING-IN CLINICS Chapter 1 THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND Childbirth is an important life event in a parent's life, and as such is a multifaceted experience. The mother's satisfaction during the birthing process is the most frequently reported indicator in the evaluation of the quality of maternity services (Bowman et.al, 1992). A positive birth experience is associated with an increased mother-child bond and maternal abilities, and contributes to her sense of accomplishment and self-esteem (Goodman, Mackey, and Tavakoli, 2004). In contrast, Beck (2004) contends that a negative birth experience can make the mother feel distraught and have a negative impact on her mental health, increasing the risk of postpartum depression and post-traumatic stress disorder. STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM The study aims to evaluate the birth...
Words: 853 - Pages: 4
...Social Development Research Social Development Research Depression is a mental illness that causes strong feelings of sadness or despair and affects a person’s moods and thoughts. It is a sickness that will happen without a motive. Each year in the United States depression affects an estimated 17 million people (Gordon,2010). Depression is a disease in which a life can be destroyed. Depression is tricky to detect in any age group. Men, women, and teens can become victims of this dreaded disease of the mind. Depression is complicated to detect in one owns self because a person‘s thoughts may be cloudy and any critical thinking can be lost. This disease called depression can be fatal, just like cancer or diabetes. Depression is a serious matter. To learn more about depression is a weapon against the disease. Emotions are hard to detect. Emotions do not bleed red like a deep cut. Feeling sad hurts just like a bleeding wound but it is sometimes undetectable. Depression is a silent killer like diabetes. Some warning signs of depression are withdrawal symptoms, frequent crying, anger, extreme sensitivity, and lack of enjoyment, thoughts of suicide or death. If any of these symptoms are detectable or obvious in someone, they might be depressed if the symptoms are long lasting or and severe. Helping a person with depression can save their life. A depressed...
Words: 1155 - Pages: 5
...(State of the art Basic concepts of depression Eugene S. Paykel, MD, FRCP, FRCPsych, FMedSci Historical background This paper reviews concepts of depression, including history and classification. The original broad concept of melancholia included all forms of quiet insanity. The term depression began to appear in the nineteenth century, as did the modern concept of affective disorders, with the core disturbance now viewed as one of mood. The 1980s saw the introduction of defined criteria into official diagnostic schemes. The modern separation into unipolar and bipolar disorder was introduced following empirical research by Angst and Perris in the 1960s. The partially overlapping distinctions between psychotic and neurotic depression, and between endogenous and reactive depression, started to generate debate in the 1920s, with considerable multivariate research in the 1960s. The symptom element in endogenous depression currently survives in melancholia or somatic syndrome. Life stress is common in various depressive pictures. Dysthymia, a valuable diagnosis, represents a form of what was regarded earlier as neurotic depression. Other subtypes are also discussed. © 2008, LLS SAS rior to the late 19th century, although detailed systems of classification abounded, the main problem for psychiatric nosology was the establishment of the broad major disorders. Melancholia was recognized as early as the time of Hippocrates, and continued through Galenic medicine and medieval...
Words: 8469 - Pages: 34
...EMAIL: moneyruffian67@gmail.com Research Design and Methods for Advanced Nursing Practice Critique NAME: Professor: Institution: Course: Date: This research is based on the idea that mothers with low incomes have a high prevalence of depression and depressive symptoms which have a negative effect on their infants and toddlers. Poorer development in infants and toddlers has been directly linked to maternal depression. Furthermore, infants of mothers who have depressed mothers tend to talk less, they engage in little play and lag behind on standardized language and mental development scales (Campbell et al, 2004). The aim of this research was to test the interpersonal psychotherapy of parenting enhancement to reduce depression of low income mothers of infants and toddlers. This study used a two group repeated measures design which was randomized. Mothers who were given the IPT + PE plus EHS enrichment were compared with mothers getting attention control health education plus EHS enrichment. The IPT + PE and ACTAU conditions were delivered over a 20 week period. Data were collected at four points: at baseline before randomization (T1), partway through the intervention (T2: 14 weeks), after completion of the intervention and termination with the nurse (T3:22weeks), and 1 month after all intervention stopped (T4: 26 weeks). The sample involved 226 mothers with infants. They were enrolled in in one of six EHS programs in the northeastern and southeastern...
Words: 977 - Pages: 4
...EMAIL: moneyruffian67@gmail.com Research Design and Methods for Advanced Nursing Practice Critique NAME: Professor: Institution: Course: Date: This research is based on the idea that mothers with low incomes have a high prevalence of depression and depressive symptoms which have a negative effect on their infants and toddlers. Poorer development in infants and toddlers has been directly linked to maternal depression. Furthermore, infants of mothers who have depressed mothers tend to talk less, they engage in little play and lag behind on standardized language and mental development scales (Campbell et al, 2004). The aim of this research was to test the interpersonal psychotherapy of parenting enhancement to reduce depression of low income mothers of infants and toddlers. This study used a two group repeated measures design which was randomized. Mothers who were given the IPT + PE plus EHS enrichment were compared with mothers getting attention control health education plus EHS enrichment. The IPT + PE and ACTAU conditions were delivered over a 20 week period. Data were collected at four points: at baseline before randomization (T1), partway through the intervention (T2: 14 weeks), after completion of the intervention and termination with the nurse (T3:22weeks), and 1 month after all intervention stopped (T4: 26 weeks). The sample involved 226 mothers with infants. They were enrolled in in one of six EHS programs in the northeastern and southeastern...
Words: 977 - Pages: 4
...Research Studies Questionnaire University of Phoenix PSYCH/610 Brandy Darling 4/20/2015 Part I What is the purpose of each of the sections in a typical research article? There are several parts to a research article including an abstract, which is used to briefly convey the information used throughout the article before reading through the whole thing. It gives a clear idea of what the article is about and what to look forward to before going any further into the research process. Next is the introduction, and that is used to point out what the focus is on and the main points of the article/paper. The introduction in “OCD and Cognitive Illusions” describes cognitive illusions thinking and how that may be contribute to understanding the origin of maintenance of obsessional thoughts. It covers the meaning of cognitive illusions and what they include, current studies pointing to cognitive biases/deficits in OCD, the nature of cognitive illusions and the relations to OCD thinking, and clinical implications/suggestions for further research. Other parts of a research article may include methods/methodology, results, discussion, conclusion and summary, and references/sources. Not all articles are the same, but generally this is how one would be set up. What are the steps to critically evaluate research articles and how does the scientific method help you do this? The first step to critically evaluating a research article is the research question. The research must be clear...
Words: 1150 - Pages: 5
