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ECO 372 Week 4 Federal Reserve System Presentation

WHAT ARE THE FACTORS THAT WOULD INFLUENCE THE FEDERAL RESERVE IN ADJUSTING THE DISCOUNT RATE?

    

Weak Economy.
Low Employment Levels. High Prices Fluctuation. Low Economy Production Capacity. High Federal Funds Rates.

HOW DOES THE DISCOUNT RATE AFFECT THE DECISIONS OF BANKS IN SETTING THEIR SPECIFIC INTEREST RATES?

Lower Discount Rates: 1. Banks borrow more reserves 2. Increase in loan offers. 3. Lower interest rates .  Increase Discount Rates: 1. Bank reserve decrease. 2. Fewer loans offers. 3. Higher interest rates.


How does monetary policy aim to avoid inflation?








  

Contractionary monetary policy: Selling of U.S. Treasury Securities-Open Market Operations. Increase in the Discount Rate. Increase in Reserve Requirements. Control Money Creation. Increase in Government Spending. Decrease in Taxes.

FED CONTROLLING MONEY SUPPLY

How does monetary policy control the money supply?
•With more money, aggregate expenditures are greater.

 Low interest rates:  Investment

expenditures.
 Government purchases.

 Net exports
 Consumption expenditures.

HOW DOES MONETARY POLICY CONTROL THE MONEY SUPPLY?


With less money, aggregate expenditures are lower.
•High interest rates:  Investment expenditures decrease .  Government spending stops.  Net exports

 Consumption expenditures.
Decrease.

HOW DOES A STIMULUS PROGRAM (THROUGH THE MONEY MULTIPLIER) AFFECT THE MONEY SUPPLY?


Potential Economic Stimulus:

1. Tax cuts for individuals.
2.Tax cuts for companies. 3. Expenditures on public works. 4. Investments in research and development

WHAT INDICTORS ARE EVIDENT THAT THERE IS TOO MUCH OR TOO LITTLE MONEY WITHIN THE ECONOMY? HOW IS MONETARY POLICY AIMING TO ADJUST THIS?

Too Much Money . 1. Consumer Spending Rise

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