...Definition | Stereotypes | unreliable, exaggerated generalizationsabout all members of a group that donot take individual differences intoaccount | Prejudice | is most often used to refer to preconceived judgments toward people or a person because of race/ethnicity, gender, social class, age, disability, religion, sexuality, nationality or other personal characteristics. It can also refer to unfounded beliefs and may include "any unreasonable attitude that is unusually resistant to rational influence. | Labeling theory | a sociological approach introducedby Howard Becker that attempts toexplain why certain people are viewedas deviants and others engaging in thesame behavior are not | Part II Select three of the identity categories below and name or describe at least 3 related stereotypes for each: * Race * Ethnicity * Religion * Gender * Sexual orientation * Age * Disability Category | Stereotype 1 | Stereotype 2 | Stereotype 3 | Race | All Afro American can play basketball | White cannot dance | All Hispanics can speak English | Religion | all Muslims are terrorists. | All Catholic Priests molest boys | Christians are brainwashed | Gender Male | Is to be the financial provider | He is also to be assertive, competitive, independent, courageous, and career-focused. | Hold his emotions in check; and always initiate sex. | Part III Answer each question in 100 to 150 words related to those stereotypes: * What...
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...Part 2 1. Although stereotypes generally have negative implications, they aren't necessarily negative. Stereotypes are basically generalizations that are made about groups. Such generalizations are necessary: in order to be able to interact effectively, we must have some idea of what people are likely to be like, which behaviors will be considered acceptable, and which not.Such generalizations are, in essence, stereotypes. They allow us to put people into a category, according to the group they belong to, and make inferences about how they will behave based on that grouping. There will still be differences between individuals from one culture, and with the same individual in different situations. But the stereotype is reasonably accurate, so it is useful. Stereotypes are only a problem when they are inaccurate, especially when those inaccuracies are negative and hostile. 2. Stereotyping provides a view which may be based on some truths/facts, but is often limited and biased. They tend to be a neat and convenient capsule summary slanted toward a view point of the creator. Other non-critical thinkers can be seduced by stereotypes which simplifies the world. The small element(s) of truth contained in the stereotype seem so obvious and create a hint of credibility. Non-critical thinkers accept the stereotype and may intentionally or unintentional perpetuate and spread it. Part 3 1. Prejudice is a feeling someone may have, simply means to "pre-judge" someone in your...
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...intergroup conflict. An individual's environment, social background, prejudices, stereotypes, various situation factors, and discrimination can all add up to create a hostile environment. The question is whether or not it is possible to reduce conflict in a group setting, and the answer is yes. In this paper, I will discuss, in detail, the concepts of prejudice, stereotypes and discrimination and how each contributes to conflict. I will also outline different strategies to minimize conflict in a group setting and also discuss concepts to help each individual overcome negative attitudes and behaviors. Furthermore, I will introduce some activities that can be used in a group setting to promote respect of others, value of others differences, and working together. Aggression can result from many different factors in an individual's life. In the case of the majority of the young boys in the juvenile detention center, they have been socialized to behave aggressively. Most of the boys in the center were involved in local gangs, which reward its members for committing acts of violence to establish control and promote fear in their territory. It is no surprise that these boys have carried this mentality over into the detention center. Other factors which can contribute to, or increase, aggression are prejudice, stereotypes, and discrimination. At the root of stereotypes and discrimination is prejudice. Prejudice can be defined as a negative feeling or attitude toward a group...
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...University of Phoenix Material Multicultural Matrix and Analysis Worksheet Instructions: Part I: Select and identify six groups in the left-hand column. Complete the matrix. Part II: Write a summary. Part III: Format references consistent with APA guidelines. |Part I: Matrix |What is the group’s history in the United |What is the group’s population in the |What are some attitudes and customs |What is something you admire about | | |States? |United States? |people of this group may practice? |this group’s people, lifestyle, or | | | | | |society? | |African American |Antecedents of a tribe I belong to, |The population of the African American |Numerous of African American loves going |African Americans try to be the best | | |(African American) were bind and the |in the United states 12.5% |to church. Most African American is |person they could be when they are | | |African Americans were taken to North | |Baptist and has a lot of spirit. Women in|trying to reach their goal. Barak | | ...
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...Introduction In today’s society we encounter many differences in the people around us. Whether based on culture, gender, ethnicity, or age these factors all have some stereotypes attached to them. In our paper, we will discuss stereotyping, both thoughtful and non-thoughtful. We will also address stereotyping in an organization. Our society can be split up into many various groups by gender, race, or even by traits. The world consists of both men and women, blacks and whites, Democrats and Republicans, all who live their own distinct way of life. “Stereotypes are qualities perceived to be associated with particular groups or categories of people (Schneider, 2005).” We stereotype other people all the time because of gender, race, color, and we usually do not even realize it. Stereotypes are so widespread and used so often that they seem to be a natural behavior for human beings. The purpose of this paper is to give a clear explanation on stereotyping. We will evaluate the cognitive (thoughtful/non-thoughtful) approach that suggest putting people into categories is necessary in the thought process that surely sets the presidents of stereotyping. In the last 20 years our society has experienced in explosion of research and theories in stereotyping. Most information has been learned from using the difference between relatively non-thoughtful and relatively thoughtful thinking processes (Weegner, Clark, & Petty). The present research shows both thoughtful and non-thoughtful thinking...
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...University of Phoenix Material Multicultural Matrix and Analysis Worksheet Instructions: Part I: Select and identify six groups in the left-hand column. Complete the matrix. Part II: Write a summary. Part III: Format references consistent with APA guidelines. |Part I: Matrix |What is the group’s history in the United |What is the group’s population in the |What are some attitudes and customs |What is something you admire about | | |States? |United States? |people of this group may practice? |this group’s people, lifestyle, or | | | | | |society? | |Native American |There are many different Native American |There are over 30,000 Native Americans|Native Americans are typically patient.|I admire their fight to keep their | | |tribes and each one is unique. Some Native|living in 16 urban areas of the United|They live a very spiritual lifestyle. |history and legacy alive. So many | | |American history is taught in school. We |States, according to the Bureau of the|They are also group oriented |of their people have moved on with | | ...
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...Ethnic stereotypes and multiculturalism. Summary of course "Ethnic psychology" Contents: 1. The concept and properties of ethnic stereotypes ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... .. 4 2. National prejudices. Types etnostereotipov ... ... ... ... ... ... ... .7 3. 4. Variants of the reactions to cultural diversity ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 12 5. Advantages and disadvantages of multiculturalism ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 16 Bibliographic list ... ... .... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... .. 20 Introduction. Considering the cultural differences in thinking, beliefs, attitudes and behavior, it is easy to succumb to cognitive and emotional reactions to the material to begin to make generalizations, to form negative stereotypes about other people and even pre-make judgments about these differences, and people who are inherent in this behavior before you really understand what lies at its core. These processes and reactions are common in today's world, and to describe them often use the terms ethnic stereotypes, prejudice, multiculturalism, discrimination. Unfortunately, these terms are often used without a clear idea about them, which only exacerbates the problems that they need to clarify. Some of today's most pressing social issues associated with these processes, as boundaries between countries and cultures are becoming more permeable as...
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...for this assignment is to watch the movie, take note of these various psychological phenomena, and then write a cohesive 2-3 page paper discussing these themes. In writing your paper you must pick at least 5 separate incidences from the movie. For each incidence, describe how it relates to psychological phenomenon. Be sure to use concepts from across all of psychology. Do NOT, for example, just pick examples from social psychology (such as conformity and stereotyping); use examples from cognition, memory, sensation, and perception, etc. as well. In order to construct a cohesive essay, you should structure your discussion of the 4 incidences around a central area. That is, your paper needs to be more than just a loose collection of summary points. Consider how you can tie all the incidences together around a central psychological idea. * Behavior is determined by multiple causes: For any complex human behavior, multiple reasons exist as to why that behavior was done. For example, consider your study behavior. It is determined by intelligence, memory and attentional constraints, and social factors. * Behavior is shaped by cultural heritage: At several points in the semester we discussed how the people we grow up with, our culture, shape our thoughts and behavior. * Heredity and environment jointly influence behavior: This is a classic nature v. nurture argument that we touch upon throughout the course. * People’s experience of the world is highly subjective:...
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...HOMOSEXUALITYIntroductory Psychology4/26/2012Charnae ClayBreanna DavisBrandon Telfair| HOMOSEXUALITY| Introductory Psychology| | [Type the abstract of the document here. The abstract is typically a short summary of the contents of the document. Type the abstract of the document here. The abstract is typically a short summary of the contents of the document.]| | | 4/26/2012| | Brandon Telfair April 22, 2012 Homosexuality Homosexuality is becoming more common in today's society, whether it be gays or lesbians homosexuals are among us. According to science 8 to 15 percent of males and slightly less females today are of the homosexual race. In comparison, there are as many gay and lesbian citizens the world as there are unemployed citizens. Being homosexual is an ongoing fight for whom ever is dealing with it. The constant reminders of society and the way your lifestyle is supposed to be can be a burden on them. Until recently homosexuality was thought to be a psychiatric disorder, but research has proved that theory to be false. We as Americans don’t completely know how to properly cope with homosexuals in our society. Although we have gotten a lot better, there are still some of us that look at homosexuals as outcasts. This is one of the main reasons that homosexuality is very secretive and not embraced. They draw the conclusion that the less people know the less they have to be ashamed of their sexuality. Spiritual beliefs are also another factor...
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...Ageism “Please help us find this woman!” That was a post that made it to my Facebook page about a week ago. The post was accompanied by a picture of a middle-aged woman with an elderly gentleman in tow. Passengers on a commercial flight were witness to a case of elder abuse that left the elderly gentlemen in tears and the passengers enraged. There is no way to know if the story that was posted was true, but it certainly was heartbreaking and representative of an all too real problem that is on the rise in this country - elder abuse, a consequences of ageism. Defined Ageism is defined as prejudice or discrimination on the basis of a person's age and is the systematic stereotyping and discrimination against people simply because they are old (Adams, 2000). The main theme with ageism is that younger people cannot relate to the elderly and see the gap between the two groups as very wide. As people begin to age their bodies, personalities and memories begin to change and those changes lead to the young having a hard time identifying with the...
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...Stereotyping, prejudice, and discrimination: The effect of group based expectations on moral functioning Jennifer Steele, Y. Susan Choi, and Nalini Ambady Harvard University In press in T.A. Thorkildsen, J. Manning, & H.J. Walberg (Eds.), Children and Youth Series: Nurturing Morality. New York: Kluwer Academic. Stereotyping, prejudice, and discrimination: The effect of group based expectations on moral functioning As citizens of the United States, we are extremely fortunate to live in a democracy, and more specifically, a society that upholds egalitarian and meritocratic ideals. As a nation, we have fought wars and faced internal struggles in order to establish this system and champion these values. Within the last two centuries we have abolished slavery, given women the right to vote, and desegregated schools. In more recent years the movement towards equal opportunity has been advanced even further; public and private schools have increased financial support for economically disadvantaged scholars, and affirmative action programs have been developed as yet another means of combating inequities. It would seem that as a society, we are moving towards our moral ideal of equality for one and all. And yet, disparities remain. Race continues to be inextricably linked to socio-economic status and education level, with certain racial and ethnic groups, such as Caucasian- and Asian-Americans reaping more societal advantages on average than others, including...
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...Difference Between Prejudice and Discrimination Posted on Apr 5th, 2011 | By olivia Ads by ImageZoom.orgAd Options Prejudice vs Discrimination Prejudice and discrimination are deeply interrelated words that many take to be synonyms. But in reality they are apart and have different connotations. While prejudice is a preconceived notion or a leaning towards/against someone or something, discrimination refers to action or behavior towards these things and people. Just because we don’t like something or someone, we develop many stereotypes about him, and start to discriminate against him. Discrimination is in our nature and blood. We discriminate among different types of foods, don’t we? But it is harmless as we give preference to some particular types of foods and it does not make any difference to others whether we eat Chinese or Mexican cuisine. Similarly we discriminate among colors and get our home painted in colors for which we have a leaning towards. Some people have likings for a particular dress and abhor others; this is also discrimination. But all such instances of discrimination make no difference to others. It is all about personal liking and disliking. It is clear then that discrimination is an external representation of prejudice. If we have a popular student in our class and we harbor feelings of prejudice against him, these feelings are translated into actions that reflect this prejudice. These actions refer to discrimination. Prejudice is in mind, discrimination...
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...University of Phoenix Material Multicultural Matrix and Analysis Worksheet Instructions: Part I: Select and identify six groups in the left-hand column. Complete the matrix. Part II: Write a summary. Part III: Format references consistent with APA guidelines. |Part I: Matrix |What is the group’s history in the United |What is the group’s population in the |What are some attitudes and customs |What is something you admire about | | |States? |United States? |people of this group may practice? |this group’s people, lifestyle, or | | | | | |society? | |Native Americans |Native Americans were already residing in |The 2010 census reported 2.9 million |Native Americans are known because of |Throughout history, Native Americans | | |what is known today as the United States |people with Native American heritage. |their humble background. Although the |were slain, abused, and now | | |when America was discovered. They also |This number represents an increase of |majority of them do not share |outnumbered. Despite of these facts, | | ...
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...4 II. Introduction and Summary………………………………….………….....Page 4 III. Literature Review………………………………………………………....Page 6 IV. Methods………………………………………………………….......….. Page 16 V. Socio-Historical Analysis………………………………………………. .Page 18 A. 20th Century 1. Lynching 2. Ku Klux Klan 3. Rodney King and the Los Angeles Riots 4. Matthew Shepard B. 21st Century 1. Post 9/11 2. Jena Six VI. Cause and Effect Analysis…………………………………………… ....Page 24 A. Causes 1. Prejudice a. Stereotypes b. Scapegoats c. Presence of Hate in American Culture d. Need for Status and Power 2. Reasons for Crime a. Sending a Message b. Thrill Seeking c. Defensive B. Effects 1. Psychological Trauma 2. Undo Social Progress 3. Community Unrest 4. Threat of Retaliation VII. Descriptive Analysis……………………………………………….........Page 30 A. Description of Victims 1. Bias against a Particular Race 2. Bias against a Particular Religion 3. Bias against a Particular Sexual Orientation 4. Bias against a Particular Ethnicity/National Origin 5. Bias against a Disability B. Description of Offenses and Offenders This must be your new section? VIII. Comparative Analysis…………………………………………………. Page 36 A. United States Justice Department Definition of Hate Crime B. International Justice Systems Definition of Hate Crime IX. Expectations for the Future……………………………………………. .Page 38 X. Recommendations of Social Policy……………………………………. Page 38 XI. Summary and Conclusion……………………………………………...
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...Unconscious Racial Stereotypes about Adolescent Offenders Are Police Officers and Juvenile Probation Officers racially biased? Siobhan L. Healy July 1, 2014 Author Note Summary of the article “Priming unconscious racial stereotypes about adolescent offenders” by Graham, Sandra, Department of Education, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, US, shgraham@ucla.edu Lowery, Brian S., Graduate School of Business, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, US, 2004, retrieved on July 1, 2014 from http://eds.b.ebscohost.com.lib.kaplan.edu/eds/detail?vid=8&sid=607e6528-f5a4-4930-86e8-de2972012034%40sessionmgr198&hid=116&bdata=JnNpdGU9ZWRzLWxpdmU%3d#db=pdh&AN=2004-20470-001. Abstract This paper summarizes the main ideas of the article “Priming unconscious racial stereotypes about adolescent offenders” by Graham, Sandra, Department of Education, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, US, shgraham@ucla.edu Lowery, Brian S., Graduate School of Business, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, US. The main question asked is whether decision makers within the juvenile justice system harbor unconscious racial stereotyping. For this purpose, two studies were developed to examine the above question. Experiment 1 was performed on Police Officers and Experiment 2 involved Juvenile Probation Officers. Both groups were “subliminally exposed” to words either in the Black or Neutral Race category before being given tasks unrelated to the sublime race reference and without...
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