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Preparing for the Next Century

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HARLEY – DAVIDSON: Preparing for the Next Century

Harley-Davidson (Harley) was founded in 1903 as a small business and became the largest motorcycle company in the world after 15 years of operations. Moreover, by 1950, Harley-Davidson was the leader in the U.S. Market with over 60% market share. Historically, the key success factor in Harley-Davidson combined two important ingredients: several competitive advantages and favorable conditions in the motorcycle industry since the industry was almost new and the barriers to enter or the forces affecting it were weak (see appendix 5.1). After the victory of Walter Davidson riding a Harley-Davidson in a race and the development of unique innovations such as the V-twin engine, Harley obtained a strong reputation of being the pioneer in the motorcycle industry. Further, a high investment in Research, Development and innovation, an adoption of an “image and lifestyle” marketing strategy, the “raw power” appearance of its products, and the powerful connection with the American national symbols, made Harley-Davidson very attractive for the society, and help the brand in gaining customer´s loyalty (especially the men).
Through Porter´s 5 forces framework (see appendix 5.1), it can be noticed that by the moment Harley-Davidson entered to the industry, the market was plenty of business opportunities and this context allowed Harley-Davidson to obtain a strong position until 1960: low barriers to entry due to the technological investment required and the lack of tariff barriers imposed by the government, low rivalry, weak supplier´s and buyer´s power (not concentrated groups). The threat of substitutes was also low but increasing (low-medium). The industry type at that moment was considered an oligopolistic industry (just two competitors in the market: Harley and The Indian). Moreover, Harley-Davidson strategy (Porter´s Product

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