Free Essay

Presenting Academic Paper

In: Business and Management

Submitted By verasvera
Words 1649
Pages 7
Presenting an
Academic Paper
AGUS GUNAWAN

Discussion points
 What is a good presentation? What will the

audience remember?
 What is the most difficult

aspect of presenting?

Why?
 Are you nervous when you have to present?

What are you afraid of?
 What do you hope to learn from this training?

What we will discuss…
 Designing presentation content
 Designing effective power point
 Presenting your work

Designing Presentation Content

Things to be considered…
 Creates an overall framework – intro, main body,

conclusion
 Understand key terminology
 Assumes the audiences knows nothing about the subject at all
 Time management
 Keep your own voice: start & end your paragraphs
 Applies critical thinking

Develop the presentation content
 Identify your audience

 Formulate your objectives
 Make a statement
Expand on the statement
Use clear signpost to guide the audience

through your discussion
Back up with evidence and examples

A major stimulant to creative thinking is

focused questions

Three principal questions for critical thinking  What
 Why
 How

“What?”
 Identifies the key message you wish to

communicate.
 What is the benefit of your message for the audience ?
 What can they do with the information ?

“Why?”
 Addresses the next obvious question that arises

in the audience.

 “why should I do that?”
 “why should I think that?”
 “why should that be the case?”

 Following what the audience perceives as a

natural route through the material.
 You have the audience on your side immediately.

“How?”
In the audience’s mind: how are they going to achieve what you have just suggested.
 Offer suggestions as to how they can act.


Research

Research

Business Challenges Bundle
 by Braun (2008) & Wieringa and Heerkens (2003).
 There are four rules (Rs) to select a proper notion

of phenomenon bundle:
 (R1) choose business

challenges close to the root of the

sequence of causes
 (R2) choose business challenges which actually can be changed,  (R3) choose business challenges which require actual research, and
 (R4) choose a reasonable number of business challenges. Writing a literature review
Information

 Purposes
Expand your own knowledge of topic
Scan information efficiently

Critically appraise literature
Appraisal

Writing a literature review
 Four goals
Be organized around your research question
Synthesize results – what is known, what is not

Identify areas of controversy or dispute

(different schools of thinking)
Formulate questions for further research

Designing Effective PowerPoint

Designing Effective PowerPoint
Presentation
Big

Progressive

Consistent
Clear

Simple
Summary

Make It Big

Make it Big (Text)


This is Arial 12



This is Arial 18



This is Arial 24

 This is Arial 32

 This is Arial 36

This is Arial 44

Make it Big (Text)


This is Arial 12



This is Arial 18



This is Arial 24

 This is Arial 32

 This is Arial 36

This is Arial 44

Too Small

Make It Big (How to Estimate)
 Look at it from 2 metres away

2m

Keep It Simple

Keep It Simple (Text)
 Too many colours
 Too Many Fonts and Styles
 The 6 x 7 rule
No more than 6 lines per slide
No more than 7 words per line

Keep It Simple (Text)
Instructional Technology:
A complex integrated process involving people, procedures, ideas, devices, and organization, for analyzing problems and devising, implementing, evaluating, and
Tooto those problems in detailed ! managing solutions situations in which learning is purposive and controlled (HMRS 5th ed.)

Keep It Simple (Text)
Instructional Technology:

A process involving people, procedures & tools
Much Simpler for solutions to problems in learning
(HMRS 5th ed.)

Falling Leaves Observed
Christchurch

Dunedin

Wellington

January

11,532,234 14,123,654

3,034,564

February

1,078,456 12,345,567

16,128,234

March

17,234,778

6,567,123

16,034,786

April

16,098,897 10,870,954

7,940,096

8,036,897 10,345,394

14,856,456

June

Too detailed !
678,095

4,123,656

July

8,890,345 15,347,934

18,885,786

August

8,674,234 18,107,110

17,230,095

September

4,032,045 18,923,239

9,950,498

October

2,608,096

9,945,890

5,596,096

November

5,864,034

478,023

6,678,125

December

12,234,123

9,532,111

3,045,654

May

16,184,345

Falling Leaves in Millions
In 106

Christchurch

Dunedin

Wellington

January

11

14

3

February

1

12

16

March

17

6

16

April

16

10

7

May

Much Simpler
8

10

14

16

0

4

July

8

15

18

August

8

18

17

September

4

18

9

October

2

9

5

November

5

0

6

December

12

9

3

June

Falling Leaves
50

Wellington

45

Dunedin

40

Christchurch

35
30

Too detailed !

25
20
15
10
5
0

January

February

March

April

May

June

July

August

September

October

November December

Falling Leaves
50

Wellington
Dunedin
Christchurch

40
30

Much Simpler

20
10
0
January

March

May

July

September

November

Keep It Simple (Picture)
 Art work may distract your audience

Keep It Simple (Sound)
 Sound effects may distract too

• Use sound only when necessary

Keep It Simple (Transition)
 This transition is annoying, not enhancing

• "Appear" and "Disappear" are better

Keep It Simple (Animation)
2m

Too distracting !

Keep It Simple (Animation)
2m

Simple & to the point

Make It Clear

Make It Clear (Capitalisation)
 ALL CAPITAL LETTERS ARE DIFFICULT TO

READ
 Upper and lower case letters are easier

Make It Clear (Fonts)

Sanserif

Z

Serif

clear

Z busy Make It Clear (Fonts)
 Serif

fonts are difficult to read on screen
 Sanserif fonts are clearer
 Italics are difficult to read on screen
 Normal or bold fonts are clearer
 Underlines may signify hyperlinks
 Instead, use colours to emphasise

Make It Clear (Numbers)
Use numbers for lists with sequence
For example:
How to put an elephant into a fridge?
1. Open the door of the fridge
2. Put the elephant in
3. Close the door

Make It Clear (Numbers)
How to put a giraffe into a fridge?
1.
2.
3.
4.

Open the door of the fridge
Take out the elephant
Put the giraffe in
Close the door

Make It Clear (Bullets)
Use bullets to show a list without
 Priority
 Sequence
 Hierarchy, …..

Make It Clear (Colours)
 Use contrasting colours
 Light on dark vs dark on light
 Use complementary colours

Make It Clear (Contrast)
 Use contrasting colours
 Light on dark vs dark on light contrast high  Use complementary colours

low contrast

Make It Clear (Contrast)
 Use contrasting colours
 Light on dark vs dark on light
 Use complementary colours

This is light on dark

Make It Clear (Contrast)
 Use contrasting colours
 Light on dark vs dark on light
 Use complementary colours

This is dark on light

Make It Clear (Complement)


Use contrasting colours

• Light on dark vs dark on light
• Use complementary colours

These colours do not complement

Make It Clear (Complement)


Use contrasting colours

• Light on dark vs dark on light
• Use complementary colours

These colours complement

Make It Clear (Size)
 Size implies importance

Make It Clear (Size)
Size implies importance

Make It Clear (Focal Points)
 Focal points direct attention

Make It Clear (Focal Points)
 Focal points direct attention

Be Progressive

Types of Instructional Tools
Discovery
Learning

Mode of Instruction

Individual
Constructive
Tools

Social
Constructive
Tools

Too many in one go!

Guided
Inquiry

Direct
Instruction

Informational Tools

Individual
Instructive
Tools

Individual

Social
Communicative
Tools

Pair

Complexity of Interactions

Group

Types of Instructional Tools
Discovery
Learning

Mode of Instruction

Individual
Constructive
Tools
Guided
Inquiry

Direct
Instruction

Social
Constructive
Tools

Informational Tools

Progressive & thus focused
Individual
Instructive
Tools

Individual

Social
Communicative
Tools

Pair

Complexity of Interactions

Group

Understanding Technology
Mouse

I/O Error

Main Storage

CPU

Function key
Software
Floppy disk

Too many & User interface not focused Debugger
Backup system

Understanding Technology
Mouse

I/O Error

Main Storage

CPU

Function key
Software
Floppy disk

User
Progressive & interface thus focusedDebugger
Backup system

Be Consistent

Be Consistent
 Differences draw attention
 Differences may imply importance
 Use surprises to attract not distract

Be Consistent

Differences draw attention
 Differences may imply importance
 Use surprises to attract not distract

This tick draws attention

Be Consistent

Differences draw attention
 Differences may imply importance o Use surprises to attract not distract
These differences distract!

Be Consistent
 Differences draw attention

Differences may imply importance
 Use surprises to attract not distract


This implies importance

Be Consistent
 Differences draw attention

Differences may imply importance
 Use surprises to attract not distract


Confusing differences!

Be Consistent
 Differences draw attention
 Differences may imply importance
 Use surprises to attract not distract

This surprise attracts

Be Consistent
 Differences draw attention
 Differences may imply importance
 Use surprises to attract not distract

These distract!

In Summary
 Big
 Simple
 Clear

 Progressive
 Consistent

Some Final Words
 Communication is the key
 Text to support the communication
 Pictures to simplify complex concepts

 Animations for complex relationships
 Visuals to support, not to distract

 Sounds only when absolutely necessary

Presenting your work

Non Verbal Communication
 The audience judges the speech by the

speaker based on:
55% of the message is body language

38% is delivered through vocal tones

(intonation)
7% is content (words)

Remember …
 Relax, make the presentation fun, lively
If you’re having fun, chances are that most of

the audiences will enjoy it to
Stress management

 Always ‘greet’ the audiences

Common presenter mistakes
 Lack of focus

 Too much material

 Unprepared

 Monotonous

 Lateness

 No audience

 The wrong image

relation/knowledge
 Weak evidence

 Ineffective use of

visual aids

5 aspects which deserve attention

5 aspects which deserve attention

5 aspects which deserve attention

5 aspects which deserve attention

The audience does not care how much you know. They want to know how much you care!

Communication =

Self Realization

Sources







Chen, Victor. Designing Effective PowerPoint Presentations. ERAU
DeLone & McLean (1992), Information System Success: The Quest for the Dependent Variable, Information system Research 3: 1
Frijns, Miriam & Dols, Elisabeth. Presentation Skills. Maastricht School of Management
Hutchins & Burke (2007), Identifying trainers’ knowledge of training transfer research findings – closing the gap between research and practice, International Journal of Training and Development.
Kirwan & Birchall (2006), Transfer of learning from management development programmes: testing the Holton model, International
Journal of Training and Development 10:4

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...Objective: 1. Pedagogical Delivery * Creating an active and engaging classroom experience where students have opportunities to maximize learning and outcomes * Effectively delivering all courses utilizing the appropriate delivery methodologies (blended or onsite as scheduled). * Implementing best practices in assessing student learning through exams, assignments and other appropriate methods in all courses. * Support students outside the classroom through tutoring, review sessions, advising, etc. * Accommodate appropriate educational technology that meet or exceed university standards. * Give students the opportunity to work in groups; develop written and oral communication skills; and develop critical thinking and problem solving skills. * Apply a student-centric teaching strategy * Challenge every student. * Teach all assigned courses utilizing approved course delivery modalities. * Teach a minimum of one course online as part of annual credit hour workload. * Average MCE of 3.6 – 3.7 across modalities * Average response rate to MCE of 70% * Average course shell observation rating of 3.5 across modalities * Average class observation rating of 3.5 for onsite courses * NPS course rating of 50 across all modalities * Opportunities to support students outside the classroom (e.g. tutorial support, review sessions, etc.) Objective: 2. Technical Content * Continuously evaluate course content and analyze student...

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