...individual primates at the Santa Ana Zoo was quite an experience because when I use to hear monkeys I use to only picture one certain appearance and that was a brown monkey with a light brown face, and a long tail. Moneys are not just monkeys, humans aren’t just humans, and apes aren’t just apes they are all primates which is a mammal that has certain characteristics such as: flexible fingers and toes, opposable thumbs, flatter face than other mammals, have eyes that face forward and spaced close together, large and complex cerebrum, and they are also social animals. After analyzing the Brown Capuchin, White Faced Saki, Brown-Headed Spider Monkey, and Silver Langur it was obvious that all primates are completely different. Although their appearances are widely different there is one thing they have in common they all communicate through vocalizations and just calls to transmit messages to one another. I never took into consideration how much the behaviors of each monkeys vary but after analyzing the behavior for 20 minutes for each primate it was very interesting. Especially when it came to vocalizations because I'm so use to the typical in a way stereo type that society makes monkeys sound like. The first primate that I analyzed was the Brown Capuchin which is also known as the Cebus C.Apella. This certain primate is considered to be part of the New World Monkeys. I analyzed this particular monkey from 10:40am to 11:00am and it was actually the most interesting primate I analyzed...
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...Learning about primates is important to gain information on when studying anthropology. Primates share many characteristics of those of the placental mammals, such as giving live, having different shapes and sizes of teeth, being able to maintain a consistent internal body temperature, having an increased brain size, and being able to learn new things quickly. Mammals are more specialized compared with primates and they can not be defined just by a few traits. The limbs and locomotion primates have are much different than humans. They tend to have an erect posture, flexible or generalized limb structure, prehensile hands, which all play a role in the environment they live in. Primates also have a unique diet as well as teeth structure. They...
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...Primate Bipedalism Andrez Guillen Anthropology 301-02 No other form of locomotion has been as dominant over the years as bipedalism. We humans take this form of stance for granted, not fully understanding its importance. Compared to other stances, such as quadrupedalism, bipedalism serves us a better in many areas. Here we will look at the the advantages of walking upright Many theories have been said about how early hominids began evolving their stance from quadrupedal to bipedal. Charles Darwin, for example, claimed that we stood up to free our hands for tool making (Douglas 2012). Others say that our evolution began up in the trees where we see other primates, such as orangutans, walk bipedal to get fruit. Another is the idea of “carrying,” here we see other primates go from a qudrapedal position to a bipedal position when carrying something of importance (offspring, food, tool). All of these theories have something in common, each shows how advantageous it is to be bipedal and it could be said that these advantages helped our ancestors survive. One possible explanation for the development of bipedalism, is our search for food. Here the argument is that 5 million years ago, fruit trees in Africa were spreading further and further apart from one another. Hominids would have to walk with their young to find fruit trees, this caused a great deal of discomfort for the females, so the solution was to have the monogamous male do the travel while the female stayed put...
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...because of their intelligence, ability to feel compassion and creations of society. However, in the world of anthropology, that belief has been continuously challenged by evidence of humanlike qualities seen in primates. There is a term called ‘anthropomorphism’ which has been used to describe the concept of projecting human abilities, characteristics or qualities to non-human entities such as inanimate objects or animals. Primates get anthropomorphized because they are so similar to humans, but this tends to frowned upon in science because primates are only recognized as animals, even though it is important because it highlights many of the things that make human beings human....
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...LA Zoo Primates There are an absence of primates all over the world that show similar characteristic to humans. At the LA Zoo some of these characteristic from these primates can be found. Gorillas and chimps are both some of the most well know apes in the world making them the faces of primes. They are both fascinating and interesting animals. Gorillas are known to be one if not the largest primate in the world, males weighing all the way from 298 to 397 lbs and the females weighing about half of that from 150 to 249lbs. Do to their heavy weight the branches are not able to support their heavy weight therefore they tend to commute on the ground rather than traveling from tree to tree like other primate. Gorillas walk in a certain way called knuckle-walking. Males are able to reach a height of 5.6 to 5.9 ft tall and females reaching a height of no more than 4.6ft and having a shorter arm span than the males. Alongside with their size they...
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...Broad Topic: Research of chimpanzee’s culture and behavior and how they relate to humans. Topic 1. Primates to understand man. History of primatology. Comparative primatology. Primates in biomedical, growth and development studies. Analog and counterpart to interpret human behavior. Topic 2. Lifestyles Distribution and habitats of primates. Adaptations of human and non human primates to the environment. Diet and nutritional requirements. Size, body, digestive system, teething, locomotion and posture. Growth and Development. Topic 3. Cognitive abilities in primates Evolution of the sensory systems and the brain in primates. Cognition, communication and cultural behavior in primates. Non-verbal communication in primates and humans. Thesis...
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...Primates Research Project: The Infamous Bushmeat Trade on Bioko Island The bushmeat crisis has had a disastrous impact on primates, as well as endangered species in general, and has been a predicament in Equatorial Guinea for the past three and a half decades. On Bioko Island, a territory of Equatorial Guinea off the coast of West Africa, primates are especially in danger and have been slaughtered mercilessly for the bushmeat trade. Though bushmeat has served as a source of sustenance for those who would otherwise starve, the development of the island has factored in many more gruesome elements. Bioko Island is rather small in size but has expanses of intact forests that have been largely uninhabited by humans until recent years. Due to...
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...Dania Pulido Mary Kennedy Human Origins Anthropology 102 September, 24 2015 Why are you a Primate? Humans are Primates. We share more DNA with monkeys than other mammals. Primates have excellent visions. I have forward-facing eyes that sit close together. By it being shaped this way it allows me judge the distance of objects their size and height and to see things in three dimension. This lets me see how far a soccer ball it is its hight and size and at what pace the soccer ball is coming at me. My eyes are both able to look at things from different angles but bring together one image. Depth perception is important because it keeps me from bumping into things and being able to tell at what pace things are coming at. A major thing that helps me do everything in my every day life is being dexterous because having a power grip and being bipedalism helps in being able to hold things and to use them as tool for example being able to write is given to the power grip. Bipedalism gives me the availability to stand up right and walk on two feet being able to play sports is one example. Another one would be my teeth it allows me to eat food by using my canines that are much smaller than other mammals this allows be to be able to chew my food better and I am able to eat a variety of food not just one specific category. Every primate mammal has a parental investment it is not all the same but with me my parents growing up teach me from right and wrong I grow up doing what they...
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...that they lived in warm climates and were adapted to life in and around trees which supports the arboreal hypothesis proposed by Sir Grafton Elliot Smith and Frederic Wood Jones. The hypothesis explains that primates were adapted to live in trees thus the necessity of grasping hands and feet for grabbing branches, and binocular vision which led to better depth perception important for judging distance between trees. Grade I - The Lemuroids Evolving out of the late Paleocene and early Eocene Epoch . The Lemuroids were the first of the early primates to resemble primates that are living today. Equipped with a slightly larger brain, flat nails and changes to their cranial structure that indicate that they relied more on their vision than their predecessors. Grade II - The Tarsiers Eocene Epoch, a time period when the climate was pretty warm and several land bridges stretched between the continents. It is also during this epoch that major changes to fault lines occured. The Separation of Antartica and Australia created the circum-atlantic current which sparked a change in circulation patterns in the ocean resulting in global cooling, eventually leading to the Ice Age. This is when the Tarsiers came to be, most likely originating in asia Grade III - The Monkeys...
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...Primate Size and Sexual Dimorphism Sexual Dimorphism in Primate Evolution by J. Michael Plavcan and Correlates of Sexual Dimorphism in Primates: Ecological and Size Variables by Walter Leutenegger and James Cheverud are very similar articles for their respective journals, but do come to a major disagreement within their articles. The agreements come when discussing which primates are monogamous and polygynous, why this is the case, and why sexual dimorphism will continue at a forever-growing rate through time. Plavcan disagrees with Leutnegger and Cheverud on one key fundamental issue, saying that the study of sexual dimorphism as it relates to the size of primates, their mating system, and how this came to be. Similarities Plavcan, Leutnegger, and Cheverud reached the same conclusion when correlating the size of the primate and the likelihood of that primate being monogamous or polygynous. Quite simply, the bigger the primate, the more likely they are to be polygynous. The three cite a few reasons for this. The first reason is because of sexual selection. Polygynous males often fight for the affection of female primates and the bigger the primate, the more likely they are to succeed. This is why hominoids such as apes are polygynous, whereas smaller primates like Gibbons stay with one mate throughout their lives. The three scientists also do not consider it a coincidence that males are much larger and more advanced in their evolution of dimorphism. Consider the dental...
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...The primate species that I am studying is the common squirrel monkey, also known as Saimiri sciureus. This paper will discuss the lifestyle of S. sciureus in the aspect of their diet and sociality. Sociality includes reproductive behavior, social behavior, and competition. S. sciureus are small, arboreal platyrrhines that are dispersed in north South America (Lima and Ferrari, 2003). The countries they are found in include Brazil, Columbia, French Guiana, Guyana, Suriname, and Venezuela (Goldschmidt et al., 2009). Over the past 40 years, they have become known as the second-most commonly used primate in laboratory studies. Squirrel monkeys are considered frugivorous and insectivorous, meaning they mainly consume fruits and insects (Lima...
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...primate I chose is the Slow Loris. The slow Loris, which belongs to the Lorisidae family (Gron). And are part of the Strepsirhines primates and are located in Asia and tropical Africa (Stanford 170). They all range in size and weight, with an approximate life span of 25 years--in captivity (Gron). The slow Loris is completely covered in fur, which hides their ears and their short stump like tail (Gron). They have small round heads with large round eyes (Gron). Since they are primarily nocturnal their large eyes help with visibility (Gron). During the daytime the slow Loris can be found curled up on a nest--usually a tree cavity (Stanford 170). Starting from their small forehead up to their pink nose the slow Loris has a light colored strip...
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...Course: Bioanthropology Student Name: Wei-Yi Tsao Professor: Neal Endacott Observation Date: 10/26/2014 Zoo Report: Primate Observation Introduction I visited Woodland Park Zoo on October 26, 2014. The weather was rainy and due to the weather issue animals at the zoo mostly don’t have much of the movement and some of them are at their indoor area that cannot be seen by visitors. Even though the weather wasn’t the best for zoo visiting, I still found this experience very interesting. I observed six species including Patas monkeys, Orangutan, Black and white colobus monkeys, Red ruffed lemurs, Western lowland gorillas, and human from six different locomotor patterns and found out the relationship between their locomotor patterns and anatomy. Discussion/Data Collection Patas monkeys, also called red guenons, are terrestrial quadruped monkeys in the family Cercopithecidae and the only species found in the genus Erythrocebus. (Refer to Table 2.1.) Patas monkeys are primarily ground-dwelling primates found in African open bush and grass savanna, they have a narrow thorax, a reduced tail, restricted shoulder joints, shortened digits and lengthened tarsal and metatarsal like humans, robust radius and their ulna has a large insertion point of triceps brachii which provides them a powerful forearm extensor and allows them for terrestrial running with only fingers and toes making contact with the ground, they are fast runners. They can run 56 km per hour, and probably spend...
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...Primate Observation In my trip to the zoo I was able to see many different primates, some more common to us than others. The three primates I took my time to observe were Orangutans, Chimpanzees, and Gorillas. Each of these primates have a common ancestor with us, the homo sapiens. From observing these primates closely I was capable of seeing why we share so many things alike. These animals not only share a common ancestor with us but they share many traits that we humans have. The Pongo Pygmaeus and Pongo Abelii, stated on the plaque, were the first primates I closely observed, we know them as Orangutans. These Orangutans came from the tropical forests on Sumatra and Borneo, shown on the plaque outside the captivity, so there captivity...
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...“Aging in the World’s Smallest Primate” Mouse lemurs “World’s smallest Primates” in this article titled “Teeth, Sex, and Testosterone: Aging in the World’s Smallest Primate” co-authored by Sarah Zohdy, Brian D. Gerber, Stacey Tecot, Marina B. Blanco, Julia M. Winchester, Patricia C. Wright, Jukka Jernvall. They hypnotized that “by comparing the longevity of captive and wild animals, we can begin to understand how the physiological and behavioral demands of captive and wild environments affect the aging process” [1]. They chose the wild mouse lemur because “captive research has demonstrated that mouse lemurs (Microcebus spp.) are an excellent model for understanding the behavioral and physiological correlates of human aging [1, 12, 13].” From...
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