... | | | |Revision Package: | |Theme 1 | | | |Principles of Governance | |Traffic | |Population | |Healthcare (Singapore and UK) | |...
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...performance and relevant public. Based on the framework of legitimacy theory, the findings show that CSR disclosure has a negative and insignificant relationship with board composition. On contrast, the study found insignificantly and positive association between CSR disclosure and other characteristics of board of directors (board size and the separation roles of CEO and chairman). With regards control variables, the study indicates that bank size and financial performance have a positive and significant influence on CSR disclosure, while relevant public has no effect. Therefore, the results indicate that corporate governance structure of board of directors within Islamic banks of GCC region does not play a major role on CSR disclosure, because of family control. These findings suggest the need for improving the existence of the best practice of corporate governance for Islamic financial institutions by imposing additional constraints on the board of directors’...
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...Introduction In this era when individuals are questioning the legitimacy and wisdom of unregulated free markets, issues are raised about the most efficient form of economic activity and the best role for government in an economy. These issues have been discussed at many points in the past, and different societies have come to different conclusions regarding political and economic systems. In the United States, and many developed nations around the world, the view has often been that democracy accompanied by capitalism, offers the best, most efficient use of resources and governments guided by those principles assure the best outcomes for their populations. Other countries have adopted very different governing principles. Communist doctrine, as adopted by some nations, endorses the establishment of an egalitarian, classless, stateless society based on common ownership of the means of production and property (Communism: The failure of an utopian system, 2008). The civilization is governed by an individual, or individuals, whose function is to ensure the efficiency of the society as a whole. As an ideal, the communist doctrine defines a just city as one that eliminates the need for its citizens to wish to exploit each other. History appears to indicate that in practice, however, the communist vision cannot be fulfilled since “absolute power (which is given to the leader) corrupts absolutely” (Martin, 2009). Human nature does not appear to manage total supremacy well. 49 When...
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...From Compliance to Practice Mining Companies and the Voluntary Principles on Security and Human Rights in the Democratic Republic of Congo Tanja A. Börzel/Jana Hönke SFB-Governance Working Paper Series 25 • October 2011 DFG Sonderforschungsbereich 700 Governance in Räumen begrenzter Staatlichkeit - Neue Formen des Regierens? DFG Research Center (SFB) 700 Governance in Areas of Limited Statehood - New Modes of Governance? SFB-Governance Working Paper Series Edited by the Research Center (SFB) 700 „Governance In Areas of Limited Statehood - New Modes of Governance?“ The SFB-Governance Working Paper Series serves to disseminate the research results of work in progress prior to publication to encourage the exchange of ideas and academic debate. Inclusion of a paper in the Working Paper Series should not limit publication in any other venue. Copyright remains with the authors. Copyright for this issue: Tanja A. Börzel/Jana Hönke Editorial assistance and production: Tanja Kilper/Sara Gebh/Anna Jüschke All SFB-Governance Working Papers can be downloaded free of charge from our website www.sfb-governance.de/en/ publikationen or ordered in print via e-mail to sfb700@zedat.fu-berlin.de. Börzel, Tanja A./ Hönke, Jana 2011: From Compliance to Practice. Mining Companies and the Voluntary Principles on Security and Human Rights in the Democratic Republic of Congo, SFB-Governance Working Paper Series, No. 25, Research Center (SFB) 700, Berlin, October 2011. ISSN 1864-1024 (Internet)...
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...sections divided into 4 books: Book 1 – policy statements, principles, processes and mechanisms for effective local governance Book 2 – taxing powers and other revenue raising powers and the corresponding administrative structures and processes necessary in the exercise of such powers Book 3 – details the local government structure and powers and duties of elective officials Book 4 – contains the transitory provisions that will effect the smooth implementation of the CodeIt sought to decentralized the Phil State. Decentralization is the transfer of power and authority from the central institution to the lower or local levels of a government system. Three main forms of Decentralization: Devolution refers to political or territorial decentralization wherein local governments are empowered for self- governance. Deconcentration is administrative decentralization and involves the delegation of responsibility of the central government agencies to the provincial, city and municipality governments and regional bodies. Debureaucratization is also the transfer of public functions and responsibilities but the transfer is made to the private sector and non-government organizations, not to local government units. | Slide 2 | | According to Section 129: Each local government unit shall exercise its power to create its own sources of revenue and to levy taxes, fees and charges subject to the provisions herein, consistent with the basic policy of local autonomy. Such taxes, fees, and...
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...mobile telecommunications corporate governance firms in Zimbabwe. By Mugombe Godfrey Background and Introduction The purpose of this study is to provide insight into the association between business performance of the telecommunications sector in Zimbabwe and corporate governance practices as prescribed in the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD). It is widely believed that better corporate governance manifest itself in enhanced corporate performance and lead to higher economic growth (Brickley & James, 2011). There are four major players in the mobile telecommunications sector of Zimbabwe namely Econet Wireless Zimbabwe, Telecel Zimbabwe, NetOne and Africom. NetOne is a state controlled entity whilst the other three companies are privately owned with Econet Wireless Zimbabwe commanding the lion’s share of mobile telephone & broadband business in Zimbabwe (Econet Wireless Zimbabwe, 2013). Statement of the problem The major telecommunications companies in Zimbabwe like NetOne, Telecel, Africom and Econet have embraced corporate governance principles and practices since the turn of the new millennium. However, as Ernst & Young (2012) and Gwatiringa (2012) show, wide ranging differences on corporate performance exist in these companies even after the introduction of the multiple currency regime in 2009. It therefore remains unknown to the public stakeholders and the practitioners of corporate governance in general and potential investors...
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...previous attempts at arriving at equitable formula. The paper however, infers that in a deeply plural and divided society like Nigeria a polity that ‘robs Peter to pay Paul’ may eventually be both counter-productive and dysfunctional. The clarion call however is a federal system with fiscal policy that can imbue in the citizenry sense of justice, equity and fairness visà- vis revenue allocation. To do otherwise according to the findings of this paper is to jeopardize all efforts at national cohesion and integration. Keywords: Federalism, fiscal federalism, revenue, resource, Grants-in-aid Federal Governance ISSN 1923-6158 www.federalgovernance.ca Forum of Federations 325 Dalhousie Street, Suite 700 Ottawa, Ontario K1N 7G2 Canada ♥ Ojo About Federal Governance Federal Governance is an online graduate journal on theory and politics of federalism and multilevel governance. Its mandate is to engage the global federalism community and reach out to outstanding graduate students interested in federalism and multi-level governance. By providing a platform for graduate students to have early success in their careers, Federal Governance seeks to promote and sustain interest in federalism and multi-level governance research among graduate students. Allied with the Forum of...
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...ASSESSMENT OF THE IMPACT OF SERVICE CHARTERS ON SERVICE DELIVERY IN MALAWI – A CASE OF SOUTHERN REGION WATER BOARD BY RASHID FRIDAY NTELELA (201004511) A DISSERTATION SUBMITTED IN FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE MASTERS DEGREE IN PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION TO THE DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION IN THE SCHOOL OF PUBLIC MANAGEMENT AND DEVELOPMENT, UNIVERSITY OF FORT HARE, BISHO CAMPUS SUPERVISOR PROF. E.O.C IJEOMA 20th January, 2012 1 DECLARATION I, Rashid Friday Ntelela, hereby declare that this research thesis is my own original work, that all reference sources have been accurately reported and acknowledged, and that this document has not previously, in its entirety or in part, been submitted to any University in order to obtain an academic qualification. Rashid Friday Ntelela 20th January, 2012 2 Table of Contents DECLARATION ............................................................................................................... 2 DEDICATION .................................................................................................................. 7 Acknowledgements ......................................................................................................... 8 CHAPTER 1 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 Introduction............................................................................................................ 9 Statement of the Problem .................................................................................. 11 Research...
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...2012. Pp. 16 - 31 Corporate Governance-Its Problems & Prospects in Banking Industry in Bangladesh Begum Ismat Ara Huq* and Mohammad Zahid Hossain Bhuiyan** Corporate Governance ensures to bring transparency, accountability and professionalism in the management system of a corporate body that enhances the credibility and acceptability to the shareholders, employees, potential investors, customers, lenders, governments and all other stakeholders. This is more true in case of Banking Industry. Since Banks deal in public money, public confidence is of outmost importance in this Industry. The study aims at finding out problems & deficiencies involved in Corporate Governance practice in Banking Industry in Bangladesh and also suggesting ways and means to remove the same in order to make the Corporate Governance practice sound and effective. In this study, both the primary and secondary data were used. The primary data relating to problems involved in Corporate Governance practice and suggestions to remove the same were collected on the basis of a questionnaire by interviewing 24 randomly selected Bank personnel such as Directors of the Board as the internal part of management and the Auditors as the external group. The secondary data were collected through an extensive literature survey on the subject. The study has identified some major problems in Corporate Governance practice in the Banking Industry of the country. The prospect of Corporate Governance practice is bright in Banking...
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...Table of contents Executive summary 1 1. Introduction 2. Definition of sustainability report 3. Motivation of sustainability report 3.1 External driver 3.2 Brand value 3.3 Governance 4. Key features 4.1 Materiality 4.2 Transparency 4.3 Assurance 5. Evaluation 5.1 Materiality 5.2 Transparency 5.3 Assurance 6. Conclusion 7.References Executive Summary Sustainability report aims to describe companies’ environmental, economic and social representation and connect with impact on the world around it. It is always written by professors or leaders who are working in international companies and published by professional and known organizations. The information is collected from internet and Lend Lease’s sustainability report. The Sustainability report affect widely, especially in economy and environment and also essential to people’s outlook. The cause of publishing sustainability report identify main factors motivating publish sustainability report such as external and internal drivers, governance, and investors. The key features of sustainability report are materiality, transparence and assure. Introduction Due to the population has a great increase, our resource expend in a high speed; however, a number of people want to have high quality lifestyle, our environment faces serious situation. These kinds of behaviors are negative for our environment, and the unsustainable vista has...
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...definitions. The UNDP (United Nations Development Program) (1998) defines decentralisation as “the restructuring or reorganization of authority so that there is a system of co-responsibility between institutions of governance at the central, regional and local levels according to the principle of subsidiarity, thus increasing the overall quality and effectiveness of the system of governance, while increasing the authority and capacities of sub-national levels”. The UNDP definition emphasises two critical aspects of decentralisation – its practical outworking in restructuring of Government functions and its aim – increased efficiency. Similarly, the concept is defined as a transfer of competences from central government level to elected authorities at the sub national level. Rondinelli. (1992) defines decentralisation as the transfer of responsibility for planning, management, and resource raising and allocation from the central government to sub units. In this definition, units listed include field units of central government ministries or agencies, semi-autonomous public authorities or corporations, and other authorities such as Non Governmental Organisations (NGOs). Basically decentralisation is the act of distributing power and authority to lower levels of governance. Some of the key aims of decentralisation are; enhanced efficiency and accountability, increased community participation and improved service delivery at lower implementation levels. The need for decentralisation...
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...2012. Pp. 16 - 31 Corporate Governance-Its Problems & Prospects in Banking Industry in Bangladesh Begum Ismat Ara Huq* and Mohammad Zahid Hossain Bhuiyan** Corporate Governance ensures to bring transparency, accountability and professionalism in the management system of a corporate body that enhances the credibility and acceptability to the shareholders, employees, potential investors, customers, lenders, governments and all other stakeholders. This is more true in case of Banking Industry. Since Banks deal in public money, public confidence is of outmost importance in this Industry. The study aims at finding out problems & deficiencies involved in Corporate Governance practice in Banking Industry in Bangladesh and also suggesting ways and means to remove the same in order to make the Corporate Governance practice sound and effective. In this study, both the primary and secondary data were used. The primary data relating to problems involved in Corporate Governance practice and suggestions to remove the same were collected on the basis of a questionnaire by interviewing 24 randomly selected Bank personnel such as Directors of the Board as the internal part of management and the Auditors as the external group. The secondary data were collected through an extensive literature survey on the subject. The study has identified some major problems in Corporate Governance practice in the Banking Industry of the country. The prospect of Corporate Governance practice is bright in Banking...
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...Social Audit: A Toolkit A Guide for Performance Improvement and Outcome Measurement CENTRE FOR GOOD GOVERNANCE Knowledge Technology People Social Audit: A Toolkit No part of this book may be reproduced in any form without permission in writing from the publisher, except by a reviewer or a research scholar who may quote brief passages in a review in a magazine or a newspaper or for research purposes as the case may be. Copyright CGG 2005 Printed and published by the Director General & Executive Director, Centre for Good Governance Dr MCR HRD IAP Campus, Road No. 25, Jubilee Hills, Hyderabad 500 033. 2 |||Social Audit: A Toolkit| |||||| |||||| |||||| ||Contents|||| |Preface|||| |List of abbreviations|||| SECTION – I. SOCIAL AUDIT EXPLAINED|7|| 1.|Introduction to Social Audit|9| 2.|Accountability Mechanisms: Cases from India|10|| 3.|Social Audit Vs Other Audits|13|| 4.|History of Social Audit|14|| 5.|Stakeholders and Social Audit|15|| 6.|Principles of Social Audit|17|| 7.|Uses and Functions of Social Audit|18|| 8.|Benefits of Social Auditing for Government Departments|19|| 9.|The Design and Methodology|20|| 10.|Social Audit for Government of Andhra Pradesh|21|| 11.|Good Governance and Social Audit|22|| 12.|Social Auditing and Performance Evaluation|24|| 13.|How does Social Audit work?|25|| 14.|Who can use Social Audit?|26|| 15.|Social Audit and Social Capital|27|| 16.|Designing...
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...has less access to and use of different opportunities living at the margin in the hierarchies of global order with low technological base, poor infrastructures and governance in most arenas. The study also suggest that Bangladesh needs to be engaged with all its development partners in a healthy and constructive process of interaction on stabilization, reform programme and other critical issues like national capacity building, competitiveness, political stability, cross border terrorism, arms and drug trafficking, climate change and environmental degradation. The policy implication is that various economic policy orientation and utilization of resources should be as such that they can supplement economic growth in a sustainable manner and create avenues for employment. KEY WORDS: Benefit, Environment, Globalization, Governance, Infrastructure, Poverty, Population, Policy, Political stability, Resource 1.0 INTRODUCTION Globalization is a process of expanding trade and commerce creating borderless market all over the world. Some view it to be the conquest of one by other increasing inequality between nations. Others view it to be benefiting for world economic development and – also inevitable and irreversible. Bangladesh is exposed to pressure from two major sources in order to bring about changes in domestic governance in the direction of...
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...ABSTRACT ECONOMIC GOVERNANCE IN PAKISTAN The paper’s main thesis is that the difficulty Pakistan has faced in maintaining macro-economic stability, sustaining economic growth and delivering public services to the poor can be ascribed to weak economic governance and gradual decline in the capacity of key institutions. To strengthen economic governance a non-partisan long term strategic approach is required in which narrow political considerations are set aside and a concerted effort is made to strengthen the key institutions that form the essential core of economic governance. As the capacity of these institutions takes several decades the temptation by incoming governments to abandon or neglect institutions or policies, projects and programs inherited from the previous regime should be seriously curbed. The tendency of starting with a clean slate every time a new government ushers in power without achieving tangible results is painful and also politically costly. It is better to build and consolidate on the previous programs and policies, fine tune and modify them according to the changed circumstances and experiences. The gains become visible during the incumbency period of the incoming government that can then claim credit for the realization of those achievements. The author is former Chairman, National Commission for Government Reforms and is currently Director Institute of Business Administration – Karachi 2 ECONOMIC GOVERNANCE IN PAKISTAN ISHRAT HUSAIN The...
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