...In the United States (U.S.), Private Health Insurance is the primary source of healthcare system for most people. For elderly citizens and eligible children and families from low-income households, public programs are the main source of health cover. Public programs consist of Medicare, Medicaid, State Children Health Insurance Programs (SCHIP). In 2010, the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA) carries out a mandate that every American must have health insurance, or pay a fine [1]. ACA, also known as ObamaCare, aims to reduce healthcare costs, and provide affordable healthcare for everyone. Accordingly, the health insurance coverage increases from 84% to 88.5% [2]. The ACA health insurance marketplaces, namely health insurance...
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...Concerns over Private Health Insurance HCA: 305; The US Healthcare System Concerns over Private Health Insurance 1) A single payer system, private insurance company or US government, why is there so much resistance to this concept which is used in advanced countries? The resistance is because of economic power in the system, and who does not have the power. Yes, the governments will predictable raise taxes to pay for the growing demand for health care which people are afraid of. It is a big resistance over fear, on loss of power and money. “Vladeck, Bruce C, Rice, Thomas” (2010), wrote; As a result, it is this element of President Obama’s reform proposal led to strong opposition- by insurers, which do not want the single payer system, to compete against a public plan, and by providers who fear that growing monopsonistic power on the part of government. The United States citizens are very much resisting the new medical reforms, due to their disbelief in our governments system that they do not trust already. The citizens do not belief that the government will fairly and efficiently make these choices for the citizens. It is very hard to believe in good ethical quality of a health care program if the organizations are not a true ethical organization itself. Medical ethics as we know is focused...
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...Health Insurance Needs, Awareness and Assessment in the Bahraich District, Uttar Pradesh JANUARY 2008 This publication was produced for review by the United States Agency for International Development. It was prepared by Constella Futures, New Delhi ITAP is a three-year project funded by United States Agency for International Development under Contract No. GPO-1-01-0400015-00 beginning April 1, 2005_ The project is being implemented by Constella Futures in partnership with Bearing Point, Sibley International, Johns Hopkins University, QED, Urban Institute and Association of Reproductive Health Professionals (ARHP). For further information contact: Constella Futures 1 D-11, Parkwood Estates Rao Tula RamMarg New Delhi 1100 022 Health Insurance Needs, Awareness and Assessment in the Bahraich District, Uttar Pradesh JANUARY 2008 The authors' views expreseed in this publication do not necessarily reflect the views of the United States Agency for International Development or the United States Government Contents List of Tables List of Figures List of Abbreviations Executive Summary Chapter 1: Background and Methodology .......................................................... 1.1 Introduction... 1.2 Objectives of the Study ................................. 1.3 Study Design and Methodology ....................................................................... 1.3.1 Sampling and Sample 1.3.2 Study techniques ..............................................
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...DELSA/ELSA/WD/HEA(2004)6 Private Health Insurance in OECD Countries: The Benefits and Costs for Individuals and Health Systems Francesca Colombo and Nicole Tapay 15 OECD HEALTH WORKING PAPERS Unclassified Organisation de Coopération et de Développement Economiques Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development DELSA/ELSA/WD/HEA(2004)6 ___________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________ English text only DIRECTORATE FOR EMPLOYMENT, LABOUR AND SOCIAL AFFAIRS EMPLOYMENT, LABOUR AND SOCIAL AFFAIRS COMMITTEE DELSA/ELSA/WD/HEA(2004)6 Unclassified OECD HEALTH WORKING PAPERS NO. 15 PRIVATE HEALTH INSURANCE IN OECD COUNTRIES: THE BENEFITS AND COSTS FOR INDIVIDUALS AND HEALTH SYSTEMS Francesca Colombo and Nicole Tapay Francesca Colombo is with the OECD Health Policy Unit. At the time this work was conducted, Nicole Tapay was with the OECD Financial Markets Division. English text only Document complet disponible sur OLIS dans son format d’origine Complete document available on OLIS in its original format DELSA/ELSA/WD/HEA(2004)6 DIRECTORATE FOR EMPLOYMENT, LABOUR AND SOCIAL AFFAIRS OECD HEALTH WORKING PAPERS This series is designed to make available to a wider readership health studies prepared for use within the OECD. Authorship is usually collective, but principal writers are named. The papers are generally available only in their original language – English or French – with a summary...
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... Medicare is a national social insurance program, administered by the U.S. federal government since 1965, which guarantees access to health insurance for Americans ages 65 and older and younger people with disabilities as well as people with end stage renal disease (Medicare.gov, 2012). Medicare is a program that offers everyone a well defined benefit that includes different hospital parts. The Medicare parts are: Part A, Part B, Part C & Part D. Part A is known as hospital insurance. This part covers medical necessary such as hospital stay, nursing home, home health care and also hospice care. Medicare Part A is free to people who have worked and paid in Social Security for at least 10 years. There will be a monthly premium charge if you have not worked for at least 10 years and paid Social Security taxes. Part B is medical insurance that covers things such as doctor visits, medical equipment and various other forms of other outpatient services. Part B also covers mental health care and ambulatory services. To receive the Part B medical insurance you have to pay a monthly premium. Part C is the portion of your policy that allows private insurance companies to cover your medical expenses. This includes private health plans such as HMOs and PPOs. To cover the Part A and Part B benefits, Medicare offers a choice between an open-network single payer health care plan and a network plan where the federal government pays for private health coverage (Medicare.gov, 2012). Part D...
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...1.What are some of the advantages and disadvantages of the current health care system in the United States? Some disadvantages of the current health care system in the United States is tons of people have no healthcare insurance at all and many of the insurance coverages have such high premium and deductibles people can't afford it. For you to be eligible for Medicaid you have to have a very low income. To get Medicare you have to be a certain age and Medicare doesn't cover all health care costs. For Private health care insurance you have to have a clean bill of health and if you have health conditions they will deny you coverage. But if private insurance companies are willing to give you insurance the premiums are so high and the deductibles are so high its really only catastrophic health insurance. Catastrophic insurance is not the kind of insurance that helps you pay for doctor visits, tests, and medications. There is so much more disadvantages in the current health care insurance system that it is not even funny. Also Insurance companies will cancel your insurance if you have a very serious surgery if you have a syndrome that you didn't tell the doctor about and you have to undergo a surgery that costs a lot of money they will drop you as soon as they can. Some Advantages of the current health care system is if you have really great is insurance you won't have to pay little to nothing on the doctor bills and you can get the medical attention you are needing. ...
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...Introduction of russia By:Tasneem Albaik Russia also officially known as the Russian Federation is a country in northern Eurasia.It is a federal semi-presidential republic. From northwest to southeast, Russia shares land borders with Norway, Finland, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania and Poland (both with Kaliningrad Oblast), Belarus, Ukraine, Georgia, Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, China, Mongolia, and North Korea. It shares maritime borders with Japan by the Sea of Okhotsk and the U.S. state of Alaska across the Bering Strait. At 17,075,400 square kilometres (6,592,800 sq mi), Russia is the largest country in the world,The world's largest country by land area, Russia ranks sixth in terms of population. It has a total population of 143,500,000. There are at least 60 different recognized ethnic groups in Russia, but the vast majority of the population are Russians (80%). There are also Ukrainians (2%) and such non-Slavic linguistic and ethnic groups as Tatars (4%), Bashkirs, Chuvash, Komi, Komi-Permyaks, Udmurts, Mari, Mordovians, Jews, Germans, Armenians, and numerous groups in the Far North and in the Caucasus. Russian is the official language. The majority of Russia's population has no religious affiliation due to the antireligious ideology of the Soviet Union. The Russian Orthodox Church, headquartered in Moscow, has about 60 million adherents; the numbers have grown rapidly since the end of Soviet rule. There are also communities of Old Believers, a group that broke with the Orthodox...
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...Health Care Utilization Danjerell Burks HCS/235 July 16, 2014 Joseph Chiappetta The Affordable Care Act started changing the country’s health-care system almost from the moment it was signed into law in March 2010. It has already expanded coverage of young adults by allowing them to stay on their parents’ plans until they turn 26, outlawed lifetime limits on what insurance will cover, lowered the cost of drugs for seniors on Medicare, caused 13 million consumers to get premium rebates totaling some $1.1 billion, and expanded access to free preventive care for patients of all ages. Last summer it survived a challenge in the U.S. Supreme Court. But all that is prelude to the transformation coming in 2014, when almost all Americans will have access to affordable health insurance that covers essential care. By Oct. 1, 2013, every state will have an insurance exchange—an organized marketplace where individuals and small-business owners can select from among the entire qualified private health plans available in their area. It’s expected that most consumers will shop on their state’s marketplace online, but they can also shop by phone, through brokers, or with the personal assistance of trained helpers called Navigators. There will also be help available for consumers who don't speak English. The health care law was intended to expand the government-run health program for low-income Americans to cover up to 16 million more people with household incomes up to 133 percent...
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...is provided by private individual insurance companies and subsidized by the government when needed. Basic health insurance is required to be purchased within 3 months of residency or after birth and is an individual’s choice as to what carrier they choose. Of course, there are exceptions to this mandate but they are very few.("Healthcare in Switzerland," “n.d.”, para. 1) Because of this requirement, 99.5% of the population in Switzerland has healthcare coverage.(Roy, 2011, para. 13) The basic health insurance is purchased by the consumer with the option of purchasing supplemental plans to the basic health plan. The supplemental plans are how the insurance companies make a profit.("Healthcare in Switzerland," “n.d.”, para. 12) A few commodities that are covered by the basic health plan are: outpatient and emergency treatment, medications that are on an official government list, maternity care including childbirth, and abortions up to 12weeks gestation. The supplemental plans have a wide range with some consisting of private or semi-private beds, dental care, and eye care.("The Swiss Healthcare System," “n.d.”, para. 7 & ll) The price and benefits of medical treatment, hospitalizations, and illness are fixed by the government. They are reviewed periodically but only the government can change the price of services provided. On the flip side of the healthcare coin is the United States. The healthcare is purchased mostly by the employer with few private purchasers. It...
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...healthcare model is so disorganized that we have a little bit of Beveridge, Bismarck, National Health Insurance, and Out of Pocket models. The working class is considered to be generally in the Beveridge model. Americans who receive Medicare or Medicaid are considered to be on the National insurance model. Americans with no health insurance are on the Out of Pocket model, (Reid, 2008). Germany has the Bismarck model. This model is to ensure that all people have comprehensive coverage. Germany has what they call a sickness fund that both the employer and the employee fund through withholding. Features are quality care, low cost, claims paid without question, fixed prices, private healthcare providers, and strict governance of insurance sold on a nonprofit basis. Physicians acquire a costless education, have essentially no departmental obligations, and are hardly ever brought into litigation, (Reid, 2008). 1b. In four sentences total describe the Beveridge, Bismarck, National Insurance, and Out of Pocket models. Beveridge model is not based on whether or not a person can pay but based on medical necessity. (The Beveridge Model, 2010) Bismarck model has a sickness fund which is paid by both employer and employee through withholdings, (Kevin M.D.com, 2011). National Insurance consists of Medicare and Medicaid put in place by the government, (The National Health Insurance Model, 2011). Out of Pocket model is based on a patient’s ability to pay out of pocket for services...
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...Health p. 1 Health Care Neonisha Terrell Introduction to Sociology Soc 101 Willie Whited March 8, 2010 Health p. 2 Health Care The research topic I have chosen is the United States healthcare system. There are about twenty percent of all Americans that lack any form of healthcare insurance, and then we have the ones that are underinsured. Consequently, a great number of Americans, many of these people are women and children; receive little or no healthcare at all. Many of those uninsured are actually working families who are not offered insurance through their employer, they cannot afford coverage, or earn too much to be eligible for Medicaid, the state's healthcare provider. The United States healthcare system should be just as good as or better than any other country because of the money we invest. Every industrialized nation has some kind of basic healthcare system for all of their citizens (McIntosh, Michael 2002). In a country like ours, it is a shame that we do not provide something that should be a basic human right to every citizen. The quality and amount of healthcare should not be a privilege to some while making others go without it. The amount of money you have or do not have should not dictate how you are treated when going to the doctor or hospital. The lack of healthcare in our country is one of the greatest social injustices of our society. Whether everyone has an ethically justifiable right to healthcare is debated in the United States...
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...Assignment #3 Health Care Costs Patricia Kalendowicz HSA 500 02/15/2014 Dr. Russell Healthcare in the United States has evolved over the past several decades. The challenges faced by government and individuals have evolved from public health issues, government regulation, private health insurance and government health insurance. The U.S. has enjoyed the benefits of advancing medical technology, new drug developments and a growing older population but with that has come an increasing cost for healthcare and no clear cut plan to pay for it. In 2003 healthcare spending in the U.S. rose at five times that of inflation, the fastest rate in U.S, history (NCHC-Costs, 2004). The Gross Domestic Product (GDP) is a measure used to gauge the health of the country’s economy. The GDP is the overall worth of goods and services produced in a country within a specific period of time. Total health expenditures are expressed as the percentage of the GDP. The U.S. spends a greater percentage of its GDP on healthcare than any other major industrialized nation. In 2001 this amounted to 14.1%, compared to Germany’s 10.7%, Canada’s 9.7%, Frances 9.5% and Sweden’s 8.7%. It is predicted that if medical spending continues to rise by just 2% more than personal income by 2040 Medicare and Medicaid will hit 18.5% of the GDP leading the overall federal deficit to be 20.7% of GDP. New healthcare cost projections by Medicare and Medicaid indicate that health spending will reach 20% of the GDP by 2021...
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...HS 543 Health Services Finance May 11 Sec A Course Project The Baby Boomers Impact on Medicare Abstract This project will address the baby boomers impact on Medicare. Baby boomers have changed the world in which we live and the lens through which we view it. The aging of the baby boomers, which is roughly one third of the population, will continue to usher in dramatic changes across most business sectors and areas of our lives in the years to come. The Issue A. How is Medicare Funded? Medicare provides health coverage for 45.2 million people. In 2008, Medicare spent $468 billion for covered items and services. Medicare is paid through two trust fund accounts held by the US Treasury. These funds can only be used for Medicare. The first trust fund is the Hospital Insurance (HI) Trust Fund. It is funded by payroll taxes paid by most employees, employers, and people who are self-employed. Other sources, such as income taxes paid on Social Security benefits, interest earned on the trust fund investments, and Part A premiums from people who are not eligible for premium free Part A. The second trust fund is the Supplementary Medical Insurance (SIM) Trust Fund. It is funded by funds authorized by Congress, premiums from people enrolled in Part B and Part D, and other sources, such as interest earned on the trust fund investments. B. Medicare Plans People with Medicare may be able to get health care coverage in several ways. Original...
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...1) Read pages 7 to 13 of the document: “The compulsory health insurance in Switzerland: Your questions, our answers” 2) Read the Document “Global” of the Groupe Mutuel 3) Calculate the overall medical expenses of Valérie: a. Team 1: Valerie has Base insurance and a Global Private Supplemental Insurance. (calculate for all deductibles) b. Team 2: Valerie has Prima care insurance and a Global 1 Supplemental Insurance. (calculate for all deductibles) c. Team 3: Valerie has Health Network insurance and a Global 2Supplemental Insurance. (calculate for all deductibles) d. Team 4: Valerie has Sanatel and a Global 3 Supplemental Insurance. (calculate for all deductibles) e. Team 5: Valerie has Sanatel and a Global Demi-Private Supplemental Insurance. (calculate for all deductibles) These are the tariffs for basic and supplemental health insurance | |Deductible CHF | | |300 |500 |1000 |1500 |2000 |2500 | |Base insurance |314.4 |303.6 |276.4 |249.3 |222.2 |195.1 | |PrimaCare |286.1 |275.3 |248.2 |221 |202.4 |183.8 | |Health Network |264.2 |253.4 ...
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