...The Problem Solving Process Marshall Taylor AACL18O817 August 18, 2013 Pamela Green Johannes The Problem Solving Process Currently in my life I have an issue with what changes I will make in my diet plan to better improve my nutritional intake while minimizing portions, and I have a problem with deciding which direction I want my current job to go. At my job, I work the After Hours department which ends at midnight four nights a week. The decision I need to make is whether I want to apply for a new opening in the daytime shift, which involves switching departments. The difference between an issue and a problem is an issue is a smaller situation that doesn’t involve significant thought or critical thinking. A problem is more detailed and can have a larger impact on life if not properly dealt with. I have labeled my food situation an issue because it is essentially a multiple choice option that won’t involve intense thought. The problem is deciding which direction I want my career to take. The approach I am taking with expressing my issue is should I substitute the protein I normally consume in meat with vegetarian sources? I currently eat more meat than I should, even though my red meat consumption is very low. Does a person’s overall health increase by substituting meat intake with legumes, nuts, and eggs? Is there a tradeoff with the health benefits of eating more nuts and eggs, which are higher in fat and cholesterol respectively? The approach I am taking with expressing...
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...Solving Problems with the Creative Process Throughout the times of our lives we are all subjected to problems or issues that we must deal with. Some are things that occur to us that we need to fix, while others occur around us that we wonder how the outcome could be different. The key to handling problems and issues is how and in what way we handle them. Being a critical and creative thinker, while implementing the steps of the creative process, can make a world of difference in the outcome of what we are handling or a change in the way that others look at the problem or issue in the future. Not only making things different for ourselves but also changing things for others around the country or even across the world. There are four stages to the creative process: searching for challenges, expressing the particular problem or issue, investigating it, and producing a range of ideas. In the first stage you are meeting challenges in an imaginative, original, and effective way. While searching for challenges you need to ensure that you are not looking at one specific time, but that you are constantly on the lookout for challenges. It’s importance is reflected in the fact that you can be creative only in response to the challenges that you perceive (Ruggiero, 2009.) There are six techniques that can be helpful to you in this stage: be observant, look for imperfections in things, note your own and other dissatisfactions, search for causes, be sensitive to implications...
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...Problem-Solving Mary Callaway, Bridgett Jones, Diane Redmond, and Sandra Solis PSYCH/560 March 19, 2012 Isabelle Ragsdale Problem-Solving Problem-solving requires many components to achieve the result such as identifying the problem, what the problem represents creativity, approach, and many more. A few of the approaches of problem-solving, which aid in uncovering a solution are a few of the following, such as unidentified assessment, procedure, technique, and the arrangement of the problem. Problem-solving occurs in every area of life because problems occur in daily life. Insight and creativity in problem-solving allow the person to use imagination, critical thinking skills, and creativity to develop a solution to his or her problem. Therefore, insight and creativity are two important factors in problem-solving. The constraints of a problem depend upon problem representation to uncover ways to solve the problem. In addition, problem representation forces a person to empower his or her cognitive skills to investigate problems. Analyzing the abilities and functions of reasoning, judgment, and decision-making in problem-solving process occurs to determine the existence of new measures in the decision and reasoning approaches in the search for ethical solutions. The ethical solutions in problem-solving guarantee the results are trustworthy and accurate. Therefore, the need for accurate problem-solving skills is a necessity to find solutions to problems people experience. Approaches...
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...Making and Problem Solving: Benefits and Techniques Defining Problem Solving and Decision Making Definition of a Problem: A problem exists when there is a gap between what you expect to happen and what actually happens. Definition of Decision Making: Decision making is selecting a course of action from among available alternatives. The Difference between Decision Making and Problem Solving While both processes are systematic, problem solving involves defining a problem and creating solutions for it. Decision making is selecting a course of action from among available alternatives. Problem solving always involves decision making. However, not all decision making involves solving a problem. For example, a supervisor may have to make decisions about employees, resources, workload, etc. without having a problem to solve. Problem-Solving and Decision-Making Process Problem solving is a process in which we perceive and resolve a gap between a present situation and a desired goal, with the path to the goal blocked by known or unknown obstacles. In general, the situation is one not previously encountered, or where at least a specific solution from past experiences is not known. In contrast, decision making is a selection process where one of two or more possible solutions is chosen to reach a desired goal. The steps in both problem solving and decision making are quite similar. In fact, the terms are sometimes used interchangeably. Steps in Decision Making Process You...
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...Analyzing the Decision-Making and Problem-Solving Processes Suman Shreshta Byanju BSAD 320 Professor: James young Date: 11/16/2013 In my opinion, decision-making is the process of selecting the right course of action from different alternatives. Decision-making is the final choice and output can be action or an opinion of choice. Problem solving is the process of eradicating problems that are a hindrance to the company objective by finding proper solutions. In other word, problem solving is to eliminate the problem space between the current state and desired state of a company. When there is a gap between desired state and current state in companies, problem exists. Problem solving involves defining the problem and creating solutions for it where as decision-making is selecting a course of action from among available alternatives. Problem solving always involves the decision-making. However, there are many situations where we have to take decision even there is no problem, for example, the relocation of employees or the promotion situation. In my finding, below are the most important steps of problem solving skills, which involves decision-making: 1. Identify and define the problems: First of all, it should be analyzed that it is a problem or just an effects of problems. Diagnose a situation so that the focus is on the real problem, not just on its symptoms. Symptoms become evident before the problem does. This process separate fact from opinion and speculation,...
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...Section 5 INTRODUCTION TO PROBLEM SOLVING Key Points 1 2 3 Army Decision Making The Seven Problem Solving Steps The Leader’s Role e A good leader must sometimes be stubborn. Armed with the courage of his convictions, he must often fight to defend them. When he has come to a decision after thorough analysis—and when he is sure he is right— he must stick to it even to the point of stubbornness. General of the Army Omar Bradley Tactics and Techniques Track Introduction to Problem Solving n 281 Introduction As an Army leader, you will be involved in problem solving daily. Some problems are simple and only require you to use your intuition, experience, and best judgment. At other times, however, you will face problems that are more complex. These require you to follow a systematic approach to define and analyze the problem, develop and analyze possible solutions, choose the best solution, and implement a plan of action. The amount of time and resources you apply to any given problem depends on its complexity, the amount of time available, and your experience as a leader. In this section, you will learn about the Army problem solving process— a systematic, logical approach to problem solving and decision making designed to help leaders make better decisions. As a junior officer, you may not face a decision on the scale of that facing BG John Buford on 30 June 1863. But using this systematic approach to problem solving can help you make decisions as solid as...
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...1 Welcome to Entrepreneurship and Business Dr Kenny Wong Meng Seng ELG 16 wong.mengseng@nottingham.edu.my 2 Entrepreneurship and Business • Core module for all 1st year undergraduate students in NUBS • Also be offered to students from all other schools at the University of Nottingham • Designed to raise student’s awareness and understanding of some of the key elements of entrepreneurial creativity, as well as entrepreneurship in practice. • Many fundamental principles underpinning successful entrepreneurship can be applied in a much wider variety of situations. • Improve their individual skills in terms of creative problem solving and organisational effectiveness. 3 Entrepreneurship and Business Module Sessions • Combination of lectures and mentored group work sessions. Venue: F1A15, on Wednesday in Semester 1, Time: 11:00 – 1:00 pm. • Mentored group work sessions will be held in separate sittings throughout the day in Four sessions specified in the timetable. It will be announced in Week 5. • Students will be asked to self-select their project teams to fit into one of these four sittings, during which they will work through group work in a mentored environment. Groups will not be allowed to change sittings during the course of the module. Course Time Table • Week 2: Wednesday 25th September 2013 – Lecture – – – – Module Introduction and Rationale Course structure and rationale The importance of an integrative learning approach Why study Entrepreneurship...
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...Presented by INTRODUCTION ¡ ¡ DECISION MAKING "Decision making is the process of identifying and selecting a course of action to solve a specific problem." CONSUMER DECISION MAKING ¡ ¡ Specific situations that trigger consumer to make a decision in between two or more alternatives question ¡ ¡ ¡ Define extensive problem solving, limited problem and rou6nized response behavior. What type of decision process would you expect most consumers to follow in their first purchase of new product or brand in each of the following areas: Ø chewing gum Ø Sugar Ø Men’s aBer shave lo6on Ø Carpe6ng Ø Paper towel Ø Cellular phone and luxury car What are the differences among the three decision-‐making approaches? levels OF CONSUMER DECISION MAKING ¡ There are three levels of consumer decision making ¡ They are : Ø Extensive problem solving Ø Limited problem solving Ø Rou6nized response behaviour Extensive problem solving ¡ ¡ ¡ The process of a customer trying to get all the informa6on they...
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...be based on the problem-solving relations and policing of the proper function of criminal investigations, major and crucial responses to drastic incident dispatches and of the future problem-solving trend. Policing Paper Proper policing and its structure of the policing structure has always been under scrutiny from the past, present and the future. Most professionals in the criminal justice system search for that one specific strategy that will dramatically instill a positive structure for policing. According to (Walker, S., & amp ; Katz, 2011) “ Herman Goldstein’s approach to policing represents a proactive to policing, rather than a reactive approach to policing. Policing is more than just a response to 911 calls policing involves problem solving to identify recurring problems and developing strategies to reduce and eliminate recurring problems.” Structure or Problem- Solving Policing From 1980 Herman Goldstein upstarted a new structure of policing by solving problems and preventing specific crimes. The police officers during the 1980s’ is based on upholding and maintaining order and attaining the ultimate goal of “Protect and Serve”. Herman Goldstein’s problem solving or problem oriented approach...
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...Management’s first step in the problem solving process is to identify the problems leading to low productivity before working on a solution. To do this the company hired Suzanne Howard to work with veteran employee Donald Peterson a staff member with 39 years of experience across all three staff groups, operations, above ground and below ground. Wanting to work closely with employees Howard and Peterson established a monthly ‘Problem Chat’ for all employees in hope of receiving staff feedback. A few months later lively problem-solving discussions between different groups began to occur. The chat saw that the main problems were limited communication, no relationships or trust in co-workers and unwillingness to work as a team. With the problem chat proving to be a success management’s next step in the problem solving process would be to identify short term and long-term objectives. Short term objectives: commitment from groups through employee motivation and participation, decrease group problems, increase trust throughout the company, clearly inform staff of these objectives. Long Term Objectives: increase productivity and moral, lower total costs, create a positive work environment with teamwork, and eliminate all group-based problems. Now that short and long term goals have been informed to staff, Howard and Peterson aim was to turn these groups into working functional teams by creating solutions to their problems through SPITS (select a problem and implement a tailored solution)...
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...Gifted Education International 1993 Vol. 9, pp. 68-77 © 1993 A B Academic Publishers C. June Maker, The University of Arizona, USA creativity, intelligence, and problem solving: a defmition and design for cross-cultural research and measurement related to giftedness Abstract A new definition of giftedness is proposed based on a review of the constructs of intelligence, creativity, and problem solving. A research design employed in a series of studi~s of giftedness in children and adults is presented, along w1th a summary of important results. Finally, implications of the design for both research and practice are outlined. Intelligence A central concept in many theories and definitions of intelligence is solving problems or adaptation to one's environment. Although the phrase "problem solving" is not always found, the concept of "adaptation" or "ability to adapt", a central concept in many definitions (Binet & Simon, 1909 (cited in Terman, 1916); Boynton, 1933; Colvin, 1921; French, 1962; Piaget, 1981; Pintner, 1921; Stern, 1914; Wechsler, 1941 ), implies that individuals encounter situations (problems) to which they must devise ways of reacting. Thus, they are solving problems. Later theorists and researchers revised these general concepts of "adaptation" by adding the idea of adapting to the cultural as well as the biological environment (Laboratory of Comparative Human Cognition, 1982_; Goodnow, 1976; Charlesworth, 1976; Olson, 1976; Ne1sser...
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...The benefit of creative problem solving skills Creative problem-solving skill is not just a brainstorming, but it is a distinct process that can help us from problem definition to applying new solutions to a problems or approach a problem in imaginative way. Creative problem solving skills help us to flex our minds, redefine the problems that we faced, find path-breaking ideas and take suitable solutions after that. It’s all about overcoming our mind’s conceptual blocks and finding numerous solutions to solve problems that we face. Everybody can get advantages from having creative problem solving skills whether for individual or organization. When we all facing problems on daily, some of these problems are more severe or complicated than others. It would be delightful to have the competence to solve all problems efficiently without trouble, unfortunately there is no only one way that can solved all problems. One of the most significant characteristics of the creative problem solving process is turns a problem into an occasion to improve the organization. Rather than just depend on on out-of-date ideas to overcome a problem, the creative approach inspires people to join in a dynamic setting which encourages new ideas and methods. Creative problem solving skills is very significant in an organization because it can uses for attaining excellent performance in most of the jobs. The term of “problem" simply refers to any incongruity between the current situation and a desired future...
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...Because let’s face it even in the ring women are going to want to talk. It has been shown that women communicate more effectively than men do; they focus on making a solution that works. Women send out a lot if nonverbal cues like body language, emotion, and tone. Men however are more tasks orientated less talkative and more isolated. Men have a hard time understanding emotion. This is why men and women don’t communicate well sometimes. When one person is more isolated than the other communication will be the first thing to go. Without communication what is the point of being able to talk. Everyone in the audience can feel the stress in the ring. It’s radiating off both the man and woman. But let’s face it stress is everywhere but we all process it differently. Men tend to be more fight or flight in their response to it. This fight or flight response basically means that the man will either fight to achieve what they want or just turn and run away. On the other hand women are more tending when stressed. When it says tending, that means by taking care of themselves and the children. The reason that we have these totally MEN VERSUS WOMEN 3 different reactions is because of hormones. When we are stressed we release oxytocin. With stress...
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...well. Regarding individual communication, disagreements and making decisions is much easier, because you are the only one involved making the process. Define group communication in three to five sentences. Group communication is a skill in which people comes together to solve certain problems and issues, depending on the issue, subject, and/or problem these groups could be made up of people from all over. Groups share their knowledge and sometimes there are some conflicts but what comes out of the conflict is mutual agreement in what they have done. Group communication provides the opportunity for people from different walks of life to come together to understand each other in cooperation. * What conflict resolution strategies could be used in case of disagreement? The first thing to do is to reduce the number of conflicts in the group, by Make responsibilities and ground rules clear at the beginning. Discuss problems as they arise, rather than letting them fester till people explode. Realize that group members are not responsible for each others’ happiness. What strategies can be used to foster group communication? Provide examples of how these strategies can be used. Two strategies that organizational groups are using is; the standard problem-solving and dot planning process Standard problem-solving - problem solving can be valuable structure and predictability...
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...psychological research has made towards our understanding of how children from birth to five learn and develop competencies in the processes of observation, problem solving, exploration, experimentation and prediction, thinking and decision making. Introduction The aim of this essay is to evaluate the developmental theories of ‘Problem Solving, Reasoning and Numeracy’ (PSRN) and an ‘Exploration and Investigation’ aspect of ‘Knowledge and Understanding of the World’ (KUW) in Foundation stage children. This essay will explore Piaget and Vygotsky and their points of view on PSRN and issues which arise from development and it will consider current research and documents relevant to practice and the implications and recommendations for early years practice. Furthermore key concepts of emergent numeracy, mark making, counting and number development will be explored. The skills of observation, problem solving, exploration, experimentation and prediction, thinking and decision making fall into all six aspects of children’s learning and development and these skills led themselves to science and teaching as well as PSRN on which this essay is going to focus on. Theoretical approaches Piaget’s constructivist theory saw children as actively constructing their knowledge of the world, for themselves, and as being active seekers of solutions to problems (Martin 2007). It could be agreed as practitioners acknowledge the importance of child-led activity as being essential for meaningful learning and...
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