...DESIGN AND COST BENEFIT ANALYSIS OF 2MW GRID CONNECTED PHOTOVOLTAIC SYSTEM FOR THE UNIVERSITY OF ZIMBABWE CAMPUS BY MARTIN CHINAMONYA Department of Electrical Engineering Faculty of Engineering UNIVERSITY OF ZIMBABWE Project proposal submitted in partial fulfilment of requirements for BSc Honours Degree in electrical engineering SUPERVISOR: MR E RASHAYI CONTENTS Problem statement Background Objectives Literature review Methodology Time budget References PROBLEM STATEMENT Zimbabwe is only able to generate about 1100MW against national demand of 2200MW at peak periods. So this power deficit can be covered by exploring alternative forms of energy generation to meet the aspirations for full electrification. Africa has a huge solar potential but sadly it still trails the rest of world, so this project seeks promote the development of grid connected solar PV system as to alleviate energy crises in Africa. Objectives The main objective for the project is to design 2MW grid-connected solar PV system for the University of Zimbabwe using roofs of the building to analyze its financial and technical performance using software packages. The specific objectives are as follows: To come out with a standard...
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...Critically examine the impact of political, economic & legal factors affecting the airline industry. The airline industry has had its fair share of ups and downs the following are the factors that are affecting the airline industry Economic factors A huge amount is spend in landing fees, time spend in foreign lands and all these fees are paid in US Dollars and it might expensive to some airlines especially if the exchange rate is weak. Fuel prices are also in US Dollars so the stronger the currency of origin against the US Dollar the cheaper it becomes to reduce overall operational costs for the airlines however the sad story is that only a fewer currencies are stronger than the US Dollar. Fuel prices have consistently increased and is likely to continue into the future while price wars between airline companies have become ever more intensive due to increased competitive levels in the industry. Fuel costs as play a significant role in the day to day running of an airline as fuel costs constitutes 30% of total operational cost. This is due to existing rivalries as well as new entrants within the discount airline market segment. In contrast to its rivals SIA has preferred policies of adding extra value through customer service rather than ones of pure discounts on prices. Similarly investment in technology such as the development of an e-ticket system enhanced its strength in terms of cost effective sales and billing systems. These developments have been supported by skilled...
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...• Analyse the features and strengths of different destinations (access, attractions, accommodation, activities, amenities and ancillary) In Zimbabwe there are 3 ways of transportation which are road, rail and air transport. In air transport there scheduled flights and the low cost carries like the Fastjet. There are 13 airports in Zimbabwe including 3 international airports. Roads also helps in linking different destinations. There are road ports in most cities and the one in Harare is the largest. Taxis and coaches also takes tourists to different places around Zimbabwe. There is also railway transport; high speed and luxurious trains are there to help in the transportation of people and tourism goods and also railway stations are available around Zimbabwe with planned schedules. In Zimbabwe there are natural attractions like Chinhoyi Caves, also man-made attractions like the Lake Kariba and cultural attractions like the Great Zimbabwe Ruins. Zimbabwe has the iconic attraction which is the Victoria Falls. Some attractions are designed for tourism purposes for example galleries, museums. Other attractions are designed for events like for arts (HIFA, music concert), business (carnival, sanganai expo) and some are designed for culture like cultural villages. Accommodation in Zimbabwe...
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...Chris Maroleng1 AFRICAN SECURITY ANALYSIS PROGRAMME CLOSED ROUND TABLE REPORT, 14 MAY 2003 Executive Summary Recent statements by President Robert Mugabe of Zimbabwe indicating that he might be contemplating retirement have revived speculation about the preconditions he would consider essential to guarantee his personal safety after leaving office. More broadly, there is increasing debate about the possible shape of a post-Mugabe dispensation, and how a new government might begin to tackle the serious economic and political difficulties facing the country.Even members of Zimbabwe’s ruling establishment now commonly accept that the formal economy is in a state of near collapse. Whatever their publicly-stated positions, leading figures in ZANU-PF admit that a return to international respectability and the resumption of aid and loan flows are urgently needed if a complete economic meltdown is to be averted. There are, however, some dissenting voices about the way Zimbabwe should handle its future relations with the World Bank, IMF and donor community, and these represent a significant faction across the formal political divide. The views of these intellectuals will have to be considered even as the international community attempts to ease Zimbabwe out of its political and economic impasse. In the short term, it appears that the economic crisis has affected the domestic political balance of power in a number of ways. First, its effect on the living standards of the vast majority...
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... 2. The people first notion in policy making is a feasible and noble idea that seeks to eradicate poverty among citizens as it seeks to reduce the gap between the rich and the poor, developed and developing countries, rural and urban areas, large enterprises and small enterprises and to restore human dignity (Baum 2010). Ideally policies should be designed with the needs of the people at heart while policy formulation process be carried out with the objective of improving socio economic well being of citizens. 3. The policy making process does not start from a vacuum. Normally the process starts with the public or people becoming aware of an issue as a problem and because of demands made by certain groups and dominant values in a society the problem is then defined as one that requires action. This then becomes the problem identification stage. Inversely the government, civil society or organisations that represent groups of people can perceive a need in the community that can be answered by formulating and implementing a certain policy or policies. This then becomes the agenda for policy formulation. The government cannot come up with a policy that is not responding to a need...
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...FACULTY OF SOCIAL SCIENCES AND HUMANITIES DEPARTMENT OF SOCIAL WORK NAME : MUDE SOLOMON LESLEY REG NUMBER : B1440781 PROGRAMME : SOCIAL WORK COURSE : CHILD WELFARE COURSE CODE : SW 209 LECTURER : DR CHERENI QUESTION : (a) Summarise the author’s main argument (300 word limit). [10] In this article, the author writes explaining the relationship of work, learning and leisure in relation to the development of children. The author challenges the normative way of thinking that work negatively affect the development of the child. In his literature, he argues against the common romantic notions of childhood, he asserts that, romantic notions of childhood emerged by literature and poetry, rather than by evidence on child development in different contexts hence some of the notions are irrelevant in some settings. In the article, he presents evidence that besides leisure and learning, work can be beneficial to many children and he highlights that a childhood without work is not necessarily a beneficial ideal. He also presents facts that in practice children may successfully combine work, learning and leisure despite the common belief that work often interferes with children’s education. He posits that learning can be achieved through play or leisure thus leisure and learning correlating...
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...going to discuss these four factors as they affect a company named Chipinge Banana Company, which is found in Zimbabwe. It is a company that specializes in growing and selling of Bananas. These bananas are sold in the country as well as other foreign markets, particularly Asia and Middle East. Political The political system is not stable. Usually there is uncertainty in relationship to land ownership. There is a threat that some farms may be taken by government for resettlement reason. Some countries do not want to do business with Zimbabwe because it has bad human rights record. Some workers may be displayed from work due to political violence. Currently, we are going towards elections which can turn to be violent. Zimbabwe has a very high taxation system in the world. One advantage is that Zimbabwe is part of free trade agreements such as comesa. Zimbabwe has many bilateral trade agreements with many countries. This means there are some favourable conditions in that we can sell some products to countries which trade well with Zimbabwe. Economic Zimbabwe has the advantage of using many currencies, including the pound, US dollars, the yen, the kwacha, and the rand, among others. It is a multi-currency system. This attracts many countries to do business with us. Inflation is very low. Interest rates are however low, which does not attract investment. Zimbabwe has an unemployment rate of above 80%, meaning that there is excess of labour. Wages are therefore cheap. The economic...
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...all communication that takes place outside the formal channel. Communication can be external communication. This is whereby the firm reaches out to external stakeholders such as customers, suppliers, investors and the government. It enables the organisation to be able to overweigh competition. A good example is Telecel Zimbabwe which reaches out to its customers by planting brand representatives in different sections of every city. They give out information about their brand through promotional campaigns, giving out fliers and enquiring from their customers what they think is necessary to improve the services offered to them. They also have radio broadcasts on Star fm where people communicate what they know about services offered to them. This gives Telecel a competitive advantage, thus attracting more customers away from their rivals (Netone and Econet) Patrick and Fosett (2010) bring up that external communication creates good relations. Communication with customers and stakeholders is essential to the success of an organisation.It helps to maintain customer loyalty wich inturn increases profits for an organisation. A good example is Econet Zimbabwe, through its effective communication...
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...and the Life Improvement Approach. Useful parallels can be drawn form the experience of Japan in that the Life Improvement Approach was introduced in Japan against a backdrop of severe economic challenges and hardships. The people of Japan took an active and conscious decision to face their problems, devise solutions for them and implement them so as to bring about a Change for the better (kaizen) in their day to day lives a process of Plan, Do, See. Lessons and Best Practices from isolated areas added up into giant steps of progress and development, especially in rural areas thus leading to the revitalization of the Japanese rural economy and ultimately the nation as a whole. The key to these development successes was premised on several factors which included the utilization of existing resources, the mobilization of rural women into organized groups, the provision of guidance and advice by extension workers, and the effective tapping of synergies and energies of rural women and channeling them into change through ripple effect or replication. The Life Improvement Approach as expounded above yields valuable lesson for Zimbabwe, especially in the lives of rural women. Zimbabwe, like Japan, has just emerged from a decade if not more of economic hardships and stagnation. The Poverty Assessment Study Survey of 2006 revealed that poverty among female headed households is escalating. The economic downturn has been characterized by hyper inflation, shortages of basic...
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...Zimbabwe: Water Quality Supplies Fast Deteriorating The Herald (Harare) By Sifelani Tsiko Harare THE pollution of rivers, lakes and aquifers from domestic and industrial wastewater discharges, mining runoff, agro-chemicals and other sources is now a growing threat to water resources in most countries in southern Africa. According to a new report titled "Water Quality Management and Pollution Control" in Southern Africa compiled by Prof Ngonidzashe Moyo, a freshwater biologist at the University of Limpopo in South Africa, and Sibekhile Mtetwa and other water resources development experts, the quality of water supplies in the Sadc region, once taken for granted, is becoming the focus of increasing concern. The water experts say the solid, liquid and particulate waste by-products of urbanisation and economic activities are contaminating air, soil and water quality. Water pollution has affected water quality and impacted negatively on public health and functioning of ecosystems including the rising cost of water treatment. The report suggests that the main sources of water pollution are untreated or partially treated effluents from municipal, industrial and mining wastewater discharges. Runoff from small-scale mining operations, urban stormwater and runoff from agricultural, livestock and poultry operations have also impaired the quality of water in the Sadc region. In Zimbabwe, the discharge of industrial and municipal effluent has heavily polluted Lake Chivero, Harare's principal...
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...Research Vol. 1 No. 10 October 2013 The effects of Cell phone use on the study habits of University of Zimbabwe First Year Faculty of Arts students. Leslei Kahari ABSTRACT The objective of this study is to examine the effects of cell phone use on the study habits of University of Zimbabwe 1st year Faculty of Arts students. The research was carried out using questionnaires distributed to 200 students who own cell phones .The questionnaires collected demographic information about the respondents, cell phone type preferences, uses of cell phones during study, predominant usage during study and information about challenges facing students in using mobile phones for study purposes. The results showed significant gender differences in several aspects of cell phone use .The results also revealed that cell phone use has negative and positive effects on the study habits of university students depending on usage patterns .The study concluded that despite the challenges faced by students ,cell phones unlike other educational innovations are firmly rooted in the society in which education and institutions are part of and ignoring the use or applications of this technology would be ill-advised. Key words: Cell phone, study habits, University of Zimbabwe INTRODUCTION This study investigates the effects of cell phone use during study on the study habits of University of Zimbabwe 1st year Faculty of Arts students. Many students starting university do not always possess the prerequisite...
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...DESA Department of Economic and Social Affairs Statistics Division ESAP Economic Structural Adjustment Programme FPL Food Poverty Line HDL Human Development Index MPSLSW Ministry of Public Service, Labour and Social Welfare NGO Non-Governmental Organizations PASS Poverty Assessment Study Survey PDL Poverty Datum Line PICES Poverty and Income Expenditures Survey PRD Parliament Research Department PRFT Poverty Reduction Forum Trust TCPL Total Consumption Poverty Line UNDP United Nations Development Programme UNICEF United Nations Children’s Fund UNESASD United Nations Economic and Social Affairs Statistic Department UN-Habitat United Nations Human Settlement Programme USA United States of America Zimstat Zimbabwe National Statistics Agency 3 Abstract The study focused on identifying, measuring and assessing the nature and extent of impacts of urban absolute poverty on young women in Epworth. This was made possible through documenting the meaning of poverty. To achieve its objectives, the study used interviews and questionnaires as research instruments in relation to the triangulation of qualitative and quantitative research methods respectively in this research. The Structural School of Thought and the Capability Approach were triangulated...
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...Management United Kingdom Vol. IV, Issue 3, March 2016 http://ijecm.co.uk/ ISSN 2348 0386 FACTORS AFFECTING STUDENTS’ ENROLMENT INTO THE EXECUTIVE MBA PROGRAMME AT AFRICA UNIVERSITY, MUTARE, ZIMBABWE Stanislas Bigirimana PhD, Faculty of Management and Administration, Africa University, Mutare, Zimbabwe sbigirimanaus@yahoo.com Joseph Chinzvende EMBA, Department of Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs), Africa University, Mutare, Zimbabwe chinzvendej@africau.edu Reason Masengu Phd Candidate, Graduate School of Business Management and Governance Leadership, North West University, Mmabatho, South Africa masengumasengu@yahoo.com Abstract The purpose of this study was to investigate factors influencing the enrollment of students into the Executive Masters of Business Administration (EMBA) Programme at Africa University in Mutare, Zimbabwe. Questionnaires were distributed to students, lecturers and administrators of the EMBA programme. The analysis showed one the factors hindering increased enrollment is cost. The fees are unaffordable given the fact that the majority of students pay from their personal savings. Moreover, there is emerging competition from other programmes offered by Africa University while other universities in Zimbabwe are offering similar programmes at a lower cost. The participant also indicated that quality of service needs to be improved and formal advertising and marketing efforts made as many participants indicated...
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...stock or shares and the shareholding structure will also change. At the management level changes also occur with management shifts some losing their jobs and other being offered new opportunities. The aftermath of mergers impact the workers mostly in that they have to accept new superiors, new co-workers, new vision and missions, some lose their jobs and the remaining workforce has to unlearn their former culture so as to embrace the new culture of the new organisation. In the case of Pioneer and Unifreight (Swift), Pioneer Corporation Africa had been in business for over 100 years and is listed on the stock exchange. The company majored in transportation but with subsidiaries in freight and logistics having sub units as Pioneer coaches (Zimbabwe, SA, and Botswana), Pioneer logistics, Skynet worldwide express, and Pioneer Clan Freight. Swift on the other hand had been in business for over 60 years dealing in road freight and distribution...
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...look at how Zimbabwe Electricity Supply Authority (ZESA) evolved since 2000. It will also look at the strategic nightmares encountered, which led to making certain decisions and initiatives. It will analyse some of the strategies adopted and how they fit in line with the operating environment. The paper will look at background of ZESA, the general operating environment, the strategic choice taken and proffer possible advice which is not a panacea but offers pointers on how to lead change in a turbulent environment. In 1991, the Government of Zimbabwe adopted a public enterprise reform strategy as part of a World Bank driven Economic Structural Adjustment Programme (ESAP). For the electricity sector, the Government adopted a two-pronged programme of reform a performance improvement programme (PIP) for the national utility, the Zimbabwe Electricity Supply Authority (ZESA), and a legal and regulatory reform programme for the electricity sector in general. Ten years later, significant success has been achieved in improving the utility’s performance in technical operations and customer service. However, there has been very little progress on the legal and regulatory front. This has adversely affected the utility’s financial performance, as well as frustrating the Government’s efforts in attracting private sector investment. The Zimbabwe Electricity Supply Authority (ZESA) provides the bulk of electricity generated, transmitted, distributed and supplied in Zimbabwe. It is a statutory...
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