...Alcohol Related Problems Introduction Alcohol related problems is one of today’s contemporary issues, as there are studies that suggest that due to alcohol related problems there are various impacts that it can have to an individual, and it can include social harms and any antisocial behaviour, such as alcohol fueled violence. This literature review will explore academic readings that can help assist identity key issues relating to a criminology perspective of alcohol related problems. Alcohol can have a huge impact on an individual lives which can also effect the community. Ergo, based on past research from the academic readings this literature review will explore prevention strategies that help reduce social harm to the individual and the community, and also the consequences that alcohol can lead to. Benefits of the Literature Review By analysing the academic sources, it can assist in gaining proper knowledge of the effects that alcohol can lead to and the prevention strategies that are able to prevent and reduce social harm to the individual and community from the misuse of alcohol. Ergo, this literature review will benefit ‘assignment three’ as it is able to give a proper understanding of ‘alcohol related problems’ within areas, such as Manly. Consequences of Alcohol Related Problems The Australian Medical Association (2012) mentions that most Australians, especially the youths within society are drinking in a way that puts their own health at risk, which...
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...1. Could Tony’s problem with alcohol be stress related? Explain why or why not. Tony’s drinking problem with alcohol is stress related, which is a spontaneous compilation of energy resources that develop when the body encounters a stressor, from his marriage breaking up and being lost that is a major amount of stress to Tony’s well-being. Stress is defined as a feeling of tension that happens when a person sees any circumstances is about to surpass his or her ability to endure and therefore could harm his or her wealth and well-being. Tony thinks by consuming alcohol he is coping with the pain he is encountering. Another example for Tony’s stress can probably be suffering of alcoholism, the drinking problem has seemed to have...
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...desire to consume alcohol beyond their capacity to control it, regardless of all rules of common sense. According to Alcoholics Anonymous UK, who say they have no unique definition for alcoholism, it may be described as a physical compulsion, together with a mental obsession. Apart from having an enormous craving for alcohol, an alcoholic often yields to that craving at the worst possible times. The alcoholic knows neither when nor how to stop drinking. Definition - an alcoholic is a person, while alcoholism is the illness. An alcoholic suffers from alcoholism. Alcoholism is a long-term (chronic) disease. Alcoholics are obsessed with alcohol and cannot control how much they consume, even if it is causing serious problems at home, work, and financially. Alcohol abuse generally refers to people who do not display the characteristics of alcoholism, but still have a problem with it - they are not as dependent on alcohol as an alcoholic is; they have not yet completely lost their control over its consumption. Moderate alcohol consumption will not generally cause any psychological or physical harm. However, for some individuals, social drinking eventually leads to heavier and heavier alcohol consumption, which does cause serious health and psychological problems. Alcoholism in the UK - one in every 13 people in the United Kingdom is an alcoholic, according to the NHS (National Health Service) statistics. Even among people who are not dependent on alcohol, a sizeable proportion...
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...Alternative Names Alcohol dependence; Alcohol abuse Causes Alcoholism is a type of drug addiction. There is both physical and mental dependence on alcohol. Alcoholism is divided into 2 categories: dependence and abuse. People who are dependent on alcohol spend a great deal of time drinking alcohol, and getting it. Physical dependence involves: • A need for increasing amounts of alcohol to get drunk or achieve the desired effect (tolerance) • Alcohol-related illnesses • Memory lapses (blackouts) after drinking episodes • Withdrawal symptoms when alcohol use is stopped The most severe drinking behavior includes long drinking binges that lead to mental or physical problems. Some people are able to gain control over their dependence in earlier phases before they totally lose control. But no one knows which heavy drinkers will be able to regain control and which will not. There is no known common cause of alcoholism. However, several factors may play a role in its development. A person who has an alcoholic parent is more likely to become an alcoholic than a person without alcoholism in the immediate family. Research suggests that certain genes may increase the risk of alcoholism, but which genes or how they work is not known. Psychological factors may include: • A need for anxiety relief • Conflict in relationships • Depression • Low self-esteem Social factors include: • Ease of getting alcohol • Peer pressure • Social acceptance of alcohol use • Stressful lifestyle ...
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...States, alcohol is the most commonly used addictive substance affecting about 1 in every 12 adults (Wilcox, 2015). South Dakota has an even higher rate, ranking fourth in total alcohol consumption (Ransom, 2013). Alcohol use can take a toll on one’s health and can also lead to risky behaviors or even death. Nearly 88,000 people die annually due to alcohol-related causes in the United States. Additionally, alcohol consumption can lead to binge drinking, which is typically about 4 drinks for women or 5 drinks for men in a two-hour span. The minimum age to consume alcohol in the United States is 21, but that doesn't stop underage people from drinking. This is extremely relevant in South Dakota where Brookings and Clay County have...
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...model: * Agent: drug * Vector: dealers * Host: addict PSYCHODYNAMIC MODEL This involves the following * Drug abusers who are self-medicating * Drug abuse which is a symptom of underlying psychological problems * Drug use is also a maladaptive psychological coping strategy * Drug abusers also need to resolve internal conflict, and when they do, drug use will be unnecessary. SOCIAL MODEL This involves * Drug use as a learned behavior * People using drugs because drug use is modeled by others * Peer pressure * Environmental effects leading to drug use MORAL MODEL * Addicts are usually weak and can overcome a compulsion to use with willpower * Drug abusers are anti-social and should be punished for that * Drug are generally evil BIO-PSYCHO-SOCIAL MODEL * All the above are true, to greater or lesser degrees * Each person’s drug use is a result of some aspects of some or all the other models * Treatment and recovery require addressing the body, mind, social, nutrition, employment, family issues, psychological issues. On a broad inference, addiction is generally concerned with alcoholism so therefore we shall talk extensively on alcoholism. ALCOHOLISM Alcoholism is a broad term for problems with alcohol, and is generally used to mean compulsive and uncontrolled...
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...Introduction Alcohol is a social drink used by many people in the globally. It has existed in the world for a long time since time immemorial. Alcohol consumption is as enjoyable as the consumption of any other drink as long as it is used in the right manner and quantity. However, it becomes a problem when people become addicted to it. Alcohol addiction is the condition in which a person gets to after excessive use of alcohol that makes him or her depend on it for survival. A person who is addicted finds it hard surviving without alcohol for a considerable amount of time. The person has to be tipsy for the better part of the day. When alcoholism becomes addictive, it becomes a social problem (Mooney, Knox and Schacht, 37). This paper explores alcohol addiction as a problem that I have experienced Discussion Alcoholism has become a serious problem in my community. When one considers alcohol addiction as his own problem, then the person is terribly wrong because it is not. Alcohol addiction does not affect an individual alone but affects other people related to or those who associate with the individual in one way or the other. Basically, it affects the entire community. This is when alcohol consumption becomes a social problem in nature. Many people have become addicted to alcohol in my community as a consequence of joblessness, family frustrations and rise in immorality. The youths are the most afflicted. Most of them have sought refuge in alcohol. They drink alcohol during their...
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...not know is the exact cause(s) of this problem. Researchers are continually seeking answers to the long-standing nature versus nurture debate. Different views are split between a biological paradigm and a psychological paradigm. No one explanation seems to be better than another is. I will present views of the effects alcoholism has on society and an insight to the factors that serve to fuel the nature or nurture debate concerning alcohol abuse and alcoholism. STATISTICS: The abuse of alcohol alone is estimated at $144.1 billion dollars annually. Every man, woman and child in America pays nearly $1,000 a year to cover the costs of unnecessary health care, auto accidents, crime and loss of productivity resulting from alcohol abuse. Alcohol deaths account for approximately five percent of all deaths occurring in the United States. Alcohol is considered to be one of the most widely used drugs as it attacks the central nervous system. Two-thirds of all adults drink alcohol; one-third of those are under the age of eighteen. The term alcoholic is commonly used to refer to a person who is severely dependent on alcohol as a result of their drinking pattern. Not everyone with an alcohol problem becomes an alcoholic. If this is true then what differentiates the social drinker from the alcoholic? A novice explanation would be that social drinkers do not experience problems when they drink, however alcoholics develop a physical dependence on alcohol and lack control over how much they drink...
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...Alcohol abuse today is the most widespread form of substance abuse in the United States. Alcohol abuse and its associated problems cost society many billions of dollars each year. The 4million people in the US who search for treatment for substance abuse each year, almost 3 million of them are getting help with alcohol abuse. Alcohol abuse has become a recognized problem by economist. An economist could approach the problem of alcohol abuse as cost, and how they could translate it into real numbers. Estimates of the economic costs of alcohol abuse attempt to evaluate in economic terms the damage that results from the abuse of alcohol. These costs include expenses on alcohol-related problems and opportunities that are lost because of alcohol. When measuring the cost of alcohol abuse in the U.S. it must understood what makes the assumptions of alcohol abuse logical and to center on the related alcohol abuse. Economist have to think about such things as health services and medical expenses, early death, loss of productivity, and alcohol related crimes. The U.S. economy has lost billions to alcohol-related problems. Drunk driving is a sensitive subject to many people because so many have been affected by this offense. According to reports; Alcohol-related accidents takes the life of someone every 31 minutes and nonfatal injuries someone every two minutes; in 2005 over 16,000 people in the U.S. died in alcohol-related vehicle accidents, which accounts to about 39% of all traffic-related...
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...Question 1: What is the ‘problem’ represented to be in your case study? An initial analysis of alcohol and drug-related violence inquiry in Sydney (CBD) makes it clear that the ‘problem’ has been represented to be alcohol consumption and substance abuse, causing violence and anti-social behaviour in King Cross and around the CBD areas, which, in turn, has triggered public safety. Clearly, the ‘problem’ has been directed to individuals, licensed premises and trading hours. Bacchi (2009) argues that, rather fixing and addressing policy problems, how policy makers construct or represent ‘problems’ in a particular way, will give shape the problem, which in turn, will be the representation of the policy problem. Bacchi (2009) suggests that the representation of the problem will determine the policy response of a particular issue or problem. Following the death Daniel Christie as a result of being assaulted in King Cross, on the 21th January 2014, the New South Wales (NSW) State Government introduced new restrictions on licensed premises to reduce alcohol-related violence (Roth, 2014). Therefore, the new regulations (the January 2014 reforms) specifically focusses on licensed premises through restrictions( contained in the Liquor Amendment Act, 2014) on the trading hours such as, 1:30 am lockouts, 3a.m last alcohol, a freeze on new liquor licences, no alcohol takeaway after 10 pm, banning of people up to 48 hours, extension of temporary and long-term banning orders issued to “trouble-makers”...
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...groups in society mainly due to social class and wealth differences. Often, those living in the poorest social economic conditions also suffer greatest from health problems, and when dealing with such issues, it is important to embrace a holistic definition of public health. Here, the adequate explanation would be to take public health as a science and art of disease prevention and health promotion as ways of prolonging life. In that regard, health needs assessments are important when tackling public health issues for communities. The assessments help to identify new health priorities to reflect changing social circumstances, and results from previous public health approaches. In addition, assessments help to realign health interventions with changes in demographics, given that individuals may not belong to only one community; they can join different communities at separate times of their lives (Hien, et al., 2010). Alcohol misuse as a contemporary health issue Alcohol misuse is a serious health problem in the United Kingdom (UK). The worsening problem occurs mainly as binge drinking or moderate drinking in the wrong circumstances. The potential addictiveness of alcohol arises from its psychoactive properties. Immediately after consumption, alcohol moves to the bloodstream and the victim quickly feels the alcohol effects on brain function. The...
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...ALCOHOL Today young people get addicted to alcohol but it's unfortunate that they do it for fun and for socializing, but they do not really know that what you are doing to their bodies. Alcohol today it is considered a drug and its consumption tender is accepted among society and this situation is very alarming as more and at an earlier age is consumption. The fact that alcohol is a drug is something really serious, so we must really be aware of that fact. About the reasons why people drink, some of them are: * The major problem is that people use that drug just to be “happy”. So they just use alcohol to have fun * Young people use that drug to make friends, to go parting, to feel more relaxed and cheerful. * To be accepted as part of a group of friends or acquaintances to socialize. * Social pressure, because if everyone drinks they think that they must do the same. * Sometimes produced from advertising, because they show alcohol like something cool to do So we could be said that most of the people just drink because of the social pressure, because drinking is cool. Social media has a huge impact also on that fact, because they make population to be closer to all those facts and young people see alcohol as something so common. Most of young people take alcohol because it helps to speak confidently in stressful situations. Again, people use alcohol because they don’t want to be shy and they want to make new friends, to be more confident, flirting…...
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...Family Individuals addicted to alcohol are threatened with increased risk of health problems, including liver cirrhosis, cardiovascular diseases, and fetal abnormalities. Additionally, substance abuse can lead to automobile collisions, violence, and injuries. Alcohol can influence worker’s productivity, family problems, or school performance. According to Alcohol Research and Health (2000), “the United States and other countries have expended considerable effort throughout this century to develop and refine effective strategies to limit the negative impact of alcohol” (p. 5). The epidemiological research has also revealed positive correlation between substance abuse and coronary heart disease. The influence on physical health is evident, but there are many other social factors that pose risks to the surrounding communities and families (Alcohol Research and Health, 2000). What is more important is that it creates significant problems within the family in terms lack of understanding and communication. Heavy drinking and substance abuse is a tangible risk factor creating serious consequences for health and, therefore, it is also the main contributor to the global disease expansion. Indeed, alcohol can become the leading cause for over 30 health-related risks and factors. Such risks as disability, disease, and mortality are also among the major problems which are treated by the World Health Organization because of the detrimental influence of alcohol consumption on the overall condition...
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...The Effects of Alcohol Consumption during Pregnancy The Effects of Alcohol Consumption during Pregnancy When a pregnant mother consumes alcohol; so does her unborn developing child. “Government Warning: According to the Surgeon General, women should not drink alcoholic beverages during pregnancy because of the risk of birth defects” (Balatbat, 2005, p.110). When a mother drinks during pregnancy the alcohol is in the blood. The alcohol travels through the placenta to the fetus through the umbilical cord, thus causing damaging complications such as fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD). According to "National Organization on Fetal Alcohol Syndrome" (2001-2004), “Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders (FASD) is an umbrella term describing the range of effects that can occur in an individual whose mother drank alcohol during pregnancy. These effects may include physical, mental, behavioral, and/or learning disabilities with possible lifelong implications” (Facts About FAS/FASD). Drinking alcohol during pregnancy is harmful to the developing fetus because it can cause mental retardation, physical deformity, and central nervous system damage. First, mental retardation is one of the most common characteristics of fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD). Drinking during pregnancy has a damaging effect on unborn children, which can cause major social and emotional effects to the child’s life; this cannot be out grown or treated. Women who consume alcohol during pregnancy sometimes...
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...Healthy People 2010 Substance Abuse: Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism. Alcohol abuse and Alcoholism Alcoholism (alcohol dependence) and alcohol abuse are two different forms of drinking problems. * Alcoholism is when you have signs of physical addiction to alcohol and continues to drink, despite problems with physical health, mental health, and social, family, or job responsibilities. Alcohol may control your life and relationships. * Alcohol abuse is when drinking leads to problems, but not physical addiction. Causes, incidence, and risk factors There is no known cause of alcohol abuse or alcoholism. Research suggests that certain genes may increase the risk of alcoholism, but which genes and how they work are not known. How much you drink can influence your chances of becoming dependent. Those at risk for developing alcoholism include: * Men who have 15 or more drinks a week * Women who have 12 or more drinks a week * Anyone who has five or more drinks per occasion at least once a week One drink is defined as a 12-ounce bottle of beer, a 5-ounce glass of wine, or a 1 1/2-ounce shot of liquor. You have an increased risk for alcohol abuse and dependence if you have a parent with alcoholism. You may also be more likely to abuse alcohol or become dependent if you: * Are a young adult under peer pressure * Have depression * Have easy access to alcohol * Have low self-esteem * Have problems with relationships * Live a stressful...
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