... bluntreality@gmail.com Abstract This paper examines the prevalence of false allegations of domestic violence within the criminal justice system; detailing how the accused are often viewed as guilty until they are proven innocent. In Part I, I will reveal the problems associated with false allegations of domestic violence, and why this topic is of importance to me. Part II will examine the flawed responses to these accusations that pervade the criminal justice system. Part III will explicate the incentives by vindictive people to make such claims – e.g. winning a divorce case, or receiving custody of the children. Part IV will review the statistical analysis of false domestic violence claims, and outline the cost to not only the accused, but the government as well. Lastly, in Part V I will summarize the topic by arguing that laws should be changed to reflect that some individuals use false allegations of domestic violence in a malicious manner, and that they should be dealt with accordingly. Table of Contents Abstract……………………………………………………………. ……………………2 Table of Contents………………………………………………………………………....3 Title……………………………………………………………………………………….4 Part I. Statement of the Problem………………………………………………………….4 Part II. Flawed Judicial System………………………………………………………….4...
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...|[pic] |SYLLABUS | | |College of Criminal Justice and Security | | |CJA/374 Version 3 | | |Juvenile Justice Systems and Processes | Copyright © 2011, 2010, 2009 by University of Phoenix. All rights reserved. Course Description This course is a general orientation to the field of juvenile justice, including causation theories and the development of system responses to delinquent behavior. The problems facing juveniles today are addressed, and adult and juvenile justice systems are compared, including initial apprehension, referral, and preventive techniques. Specific issues examined include chemical dependency, mental illness, and compulsive and habitual offenders. Special attention is given to the problems inherent in the police handling of juveniles and the function of juvenile courts. Policies Faculty and students/learners will be held responsible for understanding and adhering to all policies contained within the following two documents: • University policies: You must be logged into the student...
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...rarchies and other differentiators, this project is restricted to NYPD and their current reporting processes and arrest to booking process. The visualization created is based on information collected from NYPD only and might not be relevant to other law enforcement agencies. Visualizations Data visualization helps to understand the significance of data by placing them in a visual context. While working on the data points from Arrest to Pretrial, most of the initial weeks were spent on wrapping around what an ideal data map would look like. The research resulted in rich collection of data that gets collected during booking process. Representing all the information that gets collected at each level of process, involved granular analysis of...
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...|[pic] |Course Syllabus | | |College of Criminal Justice and Security | | |CJA/374 Version 3 | | |Juvenile Justice Systems and Processes | Copyright © 2011, 2010, 2009 by University of Phoenix. All rights reserved. Course Description This course is a general orientation to the field of juvenile justice, including causation theories and the development of system responses to delinquent behavior. The problems facing juveniles today are addressed, and adult and juvenile justice systems are compared, including initial apprehension, referral, and preventive techniques. Specific issues examined include chemical dependency, mental illness, and compulsive and habitual offenders. Special attention is given to the problems inherent in the police handling of juveniles and the function of juvenile courts. Policies Faculty and students/learners will be held responsible for understanding and adhering to all policies contained within the following two documents: • University policies: You must be logged into the student...
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...Predictive Policing Predictive Policing The idea of Predictive Policing suggests that prevention of a crime rather than solving it. Information Technology can play a vital role in shaping the future of Law Enforcements. Businesses have already applied data analysis and predicting industry trends. For example, Wal-Mart noticed that three items: duct tape, bottled water and strawberry pop-tarts are high in demand after a major weather event. So, it stocked sufficiently these items, before a major weather crisis and turned Information into knowledge and eventually monetized it for more profit. (Pearsall, 2010) Similarly, Law Enforcements can apply data analysis tool and attempt to predict future events or habits. Predictive policing forecasts future crimes by taking raw data and analyzing with mathematical algorithm, to prevent and respond more effectively and efficiently. Use of Information System makes the police officers to be able to know where a crime may potentiality happen, and their presence ahead of time to help prevent it. Whereas random patrolling has the potential of missing the crimes area and that give criminals more opportunity to commit their criminal act. Using technology, police helps them to arrive at the crime scene as early as possible; this helps the offices to trace the criminals and apprehend them. Predictive policing is focused on becoming more proactive. “The predictive vision moves law enforcement from focusing on what happened to focusing...
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...Introduction The criminal justice process is entirely of the whole process of arresting and punishing criminals or law violators. This process involves a number of processes that are followed in ensuring that due process is followed. Additionally, this process ensures that there is protection of the innocents, criminals or law breakers are fairly or justly treated, and ensuring that justice is practiced by agencies of law enforcement that include corrections and courts. The major processes of criminal justice include; investigation, apprehend, pre-trial, trial, appeals, sentencing, and corrections. The entire process should be carried out justly in order to protect the rights of all people involved whether offenders or innocents. Investigation When it is clearly determined that a crime or an offence has been committed, investigation is done in order to ensure that relevant and accurate information is gathered enough to sue the suspect. Investigation is considered as the first step involved in the criminal justice process. During this process all information that are related to the crime are objectively scrutinized. Investigation in criminology is defined as a process of exploring, gathering, preparing, identifying, and presenting relevant information that help in determining and explaining what took place at the scene of a crime (Hess & Orthman, 2009). It is through investigation that the person responsible for a crime is named and arrest processes are arranged. ...
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...Analysis of the Homicide Trial of Jodi Arias By Robert Davis Professor Lauren Burke CCJS 100 6382 University of Maryland University College March 8, 2013 Robert Davis Professor Burke CCJS 100 March 8, 2013 Analysis of the Homicide Trial of Jodi Arias The criminal justice system ensures the safety and protection of society from criminal offenders. The process of the criminal justice system begins when a criminal offense is reported to law enforcement officials. If required, an investigation begins, leading to a warrant and arrest. Following the arrest, bail is set and a preliminary hearing is scheduled. If the defendant is indicted, a trial date is set. Providing the defendant does not waive the right to a jury trial, a jury is selected and the trial begins. If the defendant is found guilty, a sentence is imposed, usually within a few days of the jury’s verdict. If the defendant wishes, he or she can then appeal the guilty verdict and sentencing, thus beginning the trial process again. Police officers, detectives, prosecutors, and defense attorneys make great efforts to ensure justice is served swiftly and fairly, thus creating a strong and effective criminal justice system. Description of the Crime Jodi Arias was arrested in July 2008 for the brutal murder of her boyfriend, Travis Alexander. Travis was stabbed twenty-seven times; his throat was cut, and he was shot in the head in his Mesa, Arizona home. Jodi and Travis met at a Prepaid Legal conference and...
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...to the problem, and a T-shaped alley behind the store provides easy ingress and egress for buyers, both on foot and in vehicles. The lighting is poor (with people frequently shooting out street lights), and pay telephones in the store’s front are used constantly by traffickers. Street people in the area also engage in theft-, drug-, prostitution-, and vandalism-related activities. Additionally, these people sleep on private property, defecate and urinate on public streets, and engage in public drunkenness, graffiti, and littering” (2012, p. 74). The S.A.R.A. process involves scanning, analysis, response, and assessment of the problem. It is a “logical, step-by-step framework in which to identify, analyze, respond to, and evaluate crime, fear of crime, and neighborhood disorder” (Peak, 2012, p. 65). It will emphasize “on in-depth analysis and collaboration, replaces officers’ short-term, reactive responses with a process vested in longer-term outcomes” (Peak, 2012, p. 65)....
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...1.4 Limitations | 5 | 1.5 Assumptions | 5 | 1.6 Background | 5 | 2 Findings | 7 | 3 Discussion | 7 | 4 Conclusion | 10 | References | 11 | Executive summary This report looks at the admissibility issues pertaining to a case that involved the use of an electronic device by the state to implicate and subsequently convict a perpetrator of a crime. The defendant on conviction sought a judicial review of the lower court’s ruling. At issue was the use of the defendant cell phone as evidence to incriminate her. 1 Introduction 1.1 Purpose The purpose of this report is to see the importance of following a well-established Digital Forensic Analysis Methodology which can stand up to any challenge in a court of law. 1.2 Scope The scope of this report looks at searches conducted outside the judicial process, without...
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...system in these identifications are Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA) analysis, biometric identification, Intra-agency databases for DNA, fingerprinting and palm printing, and camera and wiretap surveillance. Each aspect serves a specific purpose in making certain that the right person is properly identified for the crimes that they commit. Each technological aspect makes certain that the criminal justice system can prove without a doubt that the person under arrest is the person responsible for committing the crime. Criminal Identification Procedures Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA) analysis is an examination method that allows any organism to be identified, by its genetic sequences. DNA analysis is highly accurate, important, and used all across the world for important reasons. The main purpose for DNA analysis is identifying individuals who are suspects in criminal cases, identifying victims or their remains when other means of identity is not possible. The advantages of DNA analysis are reliable, accurate results, and helps solving old and new cases. The disadvantage of DNA analysis is it reveals information on physical state, this information is sensitive and must be guarded. Biometric Identification is a system based around the main physical characteristics of the human body such as finger print identification, hand geometry, palm vein authentication, retina scan, iris scan, face recognition, signature, and voice analysis. The advantage is unique the information for each individual...
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...Due Process Paper Due Process Paper Due process A New York State Supreme Court Justice traces the constitutional concept of due process to the English concept of "the law of the land" (W. McKechnie, 1914). Due process, is a judicial requirement stating that enacted laws may not contain provisions that result in the unfair, arbitrary, or unreasonable treatment of an individual (Merriam-Webster). Due process of law is based on the idea that legal proceedings cannot interfere with life, liberty, or property unfairly. The Fifth and Fourteenth Amendments guarantee that one will be given notice of the proceedings and will have an opportunity to be heard prior to the seizure of life, liberty, or property.” Due process is the principle that the government must respect all of the legal rights that are owed to a person according to the law. Due process holds the government subservient to the law of the land protecting individual persons from the state” (Wikipedia 2009). When a person gets harm by the government, the government has to follow the exact course of the law and if the government doesn’t follow, it will constitutes a due process violation that offends against the rule of law. Due process is traditionally divided into substantive and procedural categories. Substantive due process relates to general rights such as freedom of speech and privacy. Procedural due process relates to the right to an attorney, and other specifics associated with the procedures of legal proceedings...
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...Criminal Justice 207 Kwak The City That Became Safe Over the last ten years the United States has experienced a dramatic decrease in crime since the early 1990’s. New York, has maintained their remarkable drop in crime over the last twenty years in comparison. So it is only logical that criminologist would want to study this phenomenon to get to the root of its success. In “ The City That Became Safe” Zimring decides to go beyond New York’s surface success and find the causes in these decreases. Through his analysis of the New York’s constant decline in Zimring says: “We now know that life-threatening crime is not an incurable urban disease in the United States.” He takes the stance that improved policing strategies and systems explain New York’s constant decreasing in various area’s of crime. Dr. Zimring will further assert his stance through finding the causes of the decline and explain what else can be learned though criminological theories and crime control policy. As previously According to Zimring, New York’s decrease in serious crime is unprecedented among America’s biggest cities. In the 1990s the entire country experienced the largest documented crime decline of the twentieth century, in which the typical big city experienced approximately 35 to 40% reductions in felonies. But in most urban areas the downward trend ended around the year 2000. In contrast, Zimring notes that New York’s decline has so far lasted twice as long, and the average felony rate drop has...
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...Female Juvenile Offenders 1 Female Juvenile Offenders By: Priscella Morris Since 1987, juvenile female arrests have increased at a faster pace then male juvenile. The arrest data states that juvenile females make up proportion of arrests in the Index category as is in the violent category. The largest percent of juvenile female arrest are of property crime. The juvenile age specific arrest rates study show in 1967 female juvenile age 12 and under was 3.6 percent 13-14 yrs. old 43 percent t and 15 yrs. old 52 percent compared to 1996 were the arrests had increase 12 yrs. and under 7 percent 13-14 yrs old 159 percent and 15 yrs. old 249 percent. The National Incident-Base Reporting System (NBRS) Indicates that female are more likely to commit offenses against another female juvenile. There are varies reason why juvenile female commit crimes. (1) uneducated, (2) poverty ,(3) multiple sexual contacts from an early age,(4) substance abuse, and (5) running away from home just to name a few. Also data obtain from 29 states by the National Council on Crime and Delinquency is that African –American young females are almost 50 percent of all other race in a secure detention while Hispanics makes 13 percent. Female Juvenile Offenders 2 The youngest female in Florida Department of Corrections is Morgan Leppert a 16 year old from Putnam County Florida. Morgan was...
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...In Pre-Hospital Cardiac Arrest Patients, How Does Hands-Only CPR Compared To Standard CPR, Affect Neurological Outcomes? Abstract Summary Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest is the leading cause of death in the U.S. Increasing bystander-initiated CPR through “hands-only” CPR and EMS dispatcher instructed “hands-only” CPR improves survival rates. Methods CINAHL, PubMed, and OvidMD were searched for the following key terms or combination thereof: “hands-only”; “compression-only”; chest compression-only”; “bystander”; “CPR”; “dispatcher”; and “neurological affect”. We initially restricted our search to peer-reviewed studies published in English between January 2004 and June 2014, but agreed by consensus to use a 2000 study located during a manual search of included study references. Results We identified nine Level II, III, and IV studies comparing “hands-only” CPR and “standard” CPR, published between 2000 and 2013, and occurring in the countries of Japan, London, Sweden and the U.S. All but one of the study results recommend that “hands-only” CPR is at least equal or superior to “standard” CPR. Conclusions Guidelines should be established to teach bystander “hands-only” CPR nationwide, to increase public awareness of the effectiveness of “hands-only” CPR and start to teach out-of-hospital “hands-only” CPR. Introduction Sudden cardiac arrest is the leading cause of death in the United States (Neumar, Barnhart, Berg, Chan, Geocadin, Luepker,… Nichol, 2011). According...
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...The Fourth Amendment in the News Vincent Luckey CJA/364 May 13, 2013 Keith Lima The Fourth Amendment in the News Balancing privacy versus government interests is a challenging dilemma concerning the Fourth Amendment. Battles between advocates of due process and crime control occur in every state of the union often extending beyond the criminal trial into the arena of appeals. The United States (U.S.) Supreme Court uses its power of judicial review to decide if laws by the executive branch and legislative branch are constitutional. The U.S. Supreme Court also uses its power of judicial review to analyze various lower court decisions for the appropriate application of inherent constitutional rights. This news article analysis will discuss the requirements for search warrants, arrest warrants, and warrant exceptions in relation to probable cause under the Fourth Amendment. In a news article from the Wall Street Journal published on April 15, 2013, The U.S. Supreme Court decides to review the Maryland Supreme Court’s decision on the Maryland v. King case. The case involves a state law, known as the Maryland’s DNA Collection Act (DNA Act) that grants police with the power to obtain DNA samples from arrestees of violent crimes before a trial is given (Bravin, 2013). “In 2009, Alonzo Jay King, Jr. was arrested in Maryland on first- and second-degree assault charges” (Cowen & Park, 2013, para. 3). The police detectives obtained King’s DNA sample when he was in custody...
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