...Procrastination is defined as a habit of putting things off until the last minute. Many things can cause procrastination. For instance, when an individual is to feel stressed, overwhelmed, laziness, a lack of motivation, lack of discipline, poor time management habits, lack of skill, and perfectionism. All these things play a key role in why people procrastinate. When a person feels stressed, they do not work productively. Many people become stressed due to their heavy work loads, and they do not take enough time out for leisure time. Leisure time helps the body and mind to be at ease, this will help individuals to be more productive. Many people believe that when a person feels stressed they will use procrastination as a way to cope with everything that is going on in their lives. Other times, the individual have too many items on there to do list, and they become overwhelmed. Individuals who become overwhelmed usually have too much to do and little time to do them in. A good way for one to eliminate these overwhelming feelings is to go over the items that are on these lists, and cut as much out as they can, or prioritize things in order of there importance. According to (2009), “It's been shown that the optimal work week for most people is 40-45 hours. Working longer hours than this actually has such an adverse effect on productivity and motivation that less real work gets done. This is especially true for creative, information age work.” Now laziness is just a habit people...
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...Strategies to Solving Procrastination Procrastination is an epidemic among college students, and is an issue that most would like to resolve in their day to day lives. Procrastination is loosely defined as intentionally putting things off that you would rather not do in the present. William J. Knaus, states in his article, “Procrastination, Blame, and Change” that procrastination has been around since the beginning of time, and also cites that even Benjamin Franklin included in his 13 virtues: “Resolve to perform what you ought. Perform without fail what you resolve” (Knaus, 2000). In order to solve the problem of procrastination, as well as any other problem, college students should follow a few steps: Identify and select the problem; Analyze the problem; Generate possible solutions; Evaluate solutions; Put the Solution to work; Evaluate the solution; and finally, Apply what you learn (Carter, Bishop, & Kravitz, 2007). We have already identified the problem; procrastination. The next step for a college student would be to analyze why they procrastinate. An online handout, published on The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (n.d.) website, lists several reasons why we procrastinate, such as fear, perfectionism, and simply stated, because it works. Let us first address fear. Fear of failure is where we feel we are inadequate, and our work will reflect that, therefore we don’t even try. With fear of success, one fears that if they start working at their full capacity...
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...0033-2909/07/$12.00 DOI: 10.1037/0033-2909.133.1.65 The Nature of Procrastination: A Meta-Analytic and Theoretical Review of Quintessential Self-Regulatory Failure Piers Steel University of Calgary Procrastination is a prevalent and pernicious form of self-regulatory failure that is not entirely understood. Hence, the relevant conceptual, theoretical, and empirical work is reviewed, drawing upon correlational, experimental, and qualitative findings. A meta-analysis of procrastination’s possible causes and effects, based on 691 correlations, reveals that neuroticism, rebelliousness, and sensation seeking show only a weak connection. Strong and consistent predictors of procrastination were task aversiveness, task delay, selfefficacy, and impulsiveness, as well as conscientiousness and its facets of self-control, distractibility, organization, and achievement motivation. These effects prove consistent with temporal motivation theory, an integrative hybrid of expectancy theory and hyperbolic discounting. Continued research into procrastination should not be delayed, especially because its prevalence appears to be growing. Keywords: procrastination, irrational delay, pathological decision making, meta-analysis Procrastination is extremely prevalent. Although virtually all of us have at least dallied with dallying, some have made it a way of life. Estimates indicate that 80%–95% of college students engage in procrastination (Ellis & Knaus, 1977; O’Brien, 2002), approximately 75% consider...
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...Konseptong pagtatasa ukol sa panglipunang pag- uugali: Mañana Habit o Pagliliban Lyra Pilarte Konsepto: ang Mañana Habit o pagpapaliban ay isang uri ng pag- uugali ng mga pilipno na kung saan pinagpapaliban ang mga nakatakdang gawain sa pamamagitan ng paggawa ng ibang bagay at gagawin lamang ang mga tungkuling pinagpaliban sa ibang panahon. Namana ng mga Pilipino ang ganitong pag- uugali sa mga kastilang sumakop sa ating bansa. Ang Mañana ay salitang espanyol na ibig sabihin ay “mamaya” sa ating wika. “Mamaya na “ sa Pilipino at “procrastination” naman sa wikang ingles. Katulad na konsepto: Ningas kugon, katamaran ng mga Pilipino Itinuturing ng maraming tao ang konseptong ningas kugon bilang isang katulad na konsepto sa paksang Mañana Habit dahil sa relatibong kahulugan na meron ito. Alam natin na ang salitang ningas kugon ay hango sa kugon na ang ibig sabihin ay matangkad, berde,at manipis na uri ng damo na tumutubo sa pagitan ng malalaking batawan. Ang ganitong uri ng damo ay madaling mang- akit ng apoy at dahil sa mabilis itong sumiklab, hindi mamalayan na ang kinakatayuang batawan nito ay sunog na at wala ng kahalahalaman. Ang dahilan kung bakit ningas kugon ang ginagamit na termino ay dahil sa umpisa, nagpapakita ng taim-tim na interes ang mga tao sa isang gawain(malakas ang nalilikhang apoy kapag sinindihan) ngunit, sa sandaling panahon lamang ay iniiwan na nila ito na hindi pa natatapos(ang mabilis na pagkawala ng apoy). May pagpapalibang nangyayari sa konseptong...
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...Megan Major Essay 1 ENC 1101 October 14, 2014 Valencia 1275 words How to Not Procrastinate Perfectionism and procrastination go together like peanut butter and jelly. By people expecting too much of themselves, they tend to become scared of writing and the essay not meeting their expectations and therefore procrastinating until the last minute. Although many more elements come into play, priorities and organizational skills are a big role in the way you may procrastinate. Many people may just need help in the organization department in order to not procrastinate and others may need help dealing with many more issues they have with the issue of procrastination. I believe in order to help prevent or totally eradicate procrastination from your work method; you must first look at yourself. Are you struggling with confidence or is it simply that you are too much of a perfectionist and nothing you seem to write is up to par? Well, the first step would be to stop over thinking everything you decide to put down on paper; it probably isn’t as bad as you think it is. When you stop over thinking, writing will come a lot easier and less forced than before and you may feel that you don't have to wait until the last minute to write your assignments. Also, with putting less pressure on yourself and constantly forcing yourself to rewrite the assignment over and over again; you’ll feel the weight of an elephant being lifted off your chest. Good organizational skills have been...
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...Kicking Procrastination GEN/200 Kicking Procrastination “I’ll start it tomorrow, I promise.” Procrastination would rank up very high as a problem that would drop by occasionally into most people’s life. Putting off difficult or undesirable tasks until later is known as procrastination. Several causes of procrastination include fear of failure, fear of success, rebellion, lack of problem-solving skills, and perfectionism. According to Jane B. Burka and Lenora M. Yuen (2007), authors of Procrastination: Why You Do It and What to Do About It, habitual procrastinators often gauge their self-worth solely by their ability to achieve. In other words, “an outstanding performance means an outstanding person; a mediocre performance means a mediocre person” (Carter, 2007, p. 20). To the perfectionist procrastinator, not trying at all is better than an attempt that falls short of perfection (Carter, 2007). For many people it is hard to say why one would have such a problem with procrastination. People procrastinate for many reasons. Excuses for putting off a task or assignment may be as simple as there is always something better to do that moment and there is always enough time in doing it later. Every reason is a valid one to the procrastinator. However, the effects of procrastination are usually negative, which should be an incentive to overcome the urge to put tasks off. Procrastination is a common problem and is very hard to overcome and to overcome this problem one would...
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...project was due. Through this class, I have learned that it is partially due to my intense perfectionism. I get nervous and sometimes anxious of the impending project. It also has to do with the uncomfortable feeling of the unknown. When I do not know what I am going to do for a project, or I haven’t read what is expected, I push it off. I tend to always hit my deadlines, but do so in a hurry which does not help me to actually learn what I am working for. I don’t always procrastinate, but I undeniably do it frequently. I definitely always mean the best- as I want to be the best. Unfortunately, procrastination does not do me any justice. In order to overcome my procrastination I will need to do more than recognize it. Of course, though, it is a very important first step to fixing the problem. Besides understanding procrastination and how it develops, I need to do more research on understanding it and find ways on how to correct it. I will be searching articles that are written by professionals and reviewed by experts. This will include searches through Citizendium, Scholarpedia. I will also search the University of Phoenix Library search engines of major articles through EBSCOhost, ProQuest, and Gale PowerSearch, and specialized articles through PsycARTICLES powered by EBSCOhost. I will search for a variety of articles surrounding the topic of procrastination and motivation....
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...time. The study presented the theory that employers that engage their employees in time management training, will see an increased result in performance of their employees. “As time pressures, interruptions, faster changes at work and increasing job demands are being described as major problems for many employees” (Hafner & Stock, 2010), the study shows that time management training can contribute to increased time control, the health and well-being of the employee, and productivity. (Hafner & Stock, 2010) Time Management Sessions Learning to manage your time successfully is crucial to coping with the stressors of everyday life. There are three common factors that negatively impact time management: perfectionism, over commitment, and procrastination. In my proposal I suggest the company creates a time management class that is three...
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...kaluadagang2@gmail.com TUTOR’s NAME : DR. SITI HASNAH BINTI HASSAN LEARNING CENTRE : P.PINANG LEARNING CENTRE ACADEMIC PROCRASTINATION (Personality traits and academic achievement) INTRODUCTION Procrastination has more and more become a matter of interest across multiple disciplines (Ainsle, 2005); Academic procrastination is defined as the intentional and needless deferral or delay of work that must be completed to the point of experiencing discomfort (Schraw, Watkins, & Olafson, 2007; Solomon & Rothblum, 1984). A few students use procrastination as an active, strategic behavior (Chu & Choi, 2005; Corkin, Yu, & Lindt, 2011; Steel, 2007); however, the present study uses the most common definition of the term procrastination to refer to the passive, needless delay of work on any academic task. In Zimmerman’s model, procrastination falls in the performance control phase, and has been described as the quintessential failure of self-regulation (Steel, 2007). In general, the academic procrastination behavior is a problem for a number of college or university students. A student procrastinates with regard to starting an assignment, and is unable to devote enough time to complete the assignment. As a result, there is a risk of a decrease in the quality of the assignment or of missing the deadline. This research makes the hypothesis that procrastination is related to the following personality trait factors: (1) the task difficulty (2) the students’ effort (3) enjoyableness...
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...Academic Procrastination and Academic Achievement Luciano, Kristel Joy A. ABPsych 2-2 Introduction to Psychology Psych 125 Academic Procrastination and Academic Achievement Nowadays, procrastination has been a common phenomenon happening in our daily lives. This practice can be observe almost everywhere, in our home, at work, in different fields and especially at school. In this fast-paced era where everything seems to be moving quite rapidly. Some people find it difficult to manage their tasks and so they tend to result to procrastination. This practice can be observe most commonly in schools or universities especially on college students where the student needs to manage their time between tasks. Like studying for multiple tests, completing their assignments, reviewing for future quizzes, completing their term papers and projects and doing extracurricular activities which will determine their academic achievement or academic performance. Yet, students still engage themselves in delaying their tasks. This widespread phenomenon is also known as procrastination. Academic Procrastination According to Solomon and Rothlum (1984) The term procrastination is defined as the act of needlessly delaying tasks to the point of experiencing subjective discomfort or putting off that which is necessary...
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...Procrastination Strategy Paper I find myself putting off important task repeatedly, I am not alone. Many people procrastinate to some degree. According to Psychologists Piers Steel., at the University of Calgary [“95 percent of us report having some type of postponement problem”] (Kirsch, February 2008, p. 3). This type of behavior can lead to disaster and affect our daily lives. The key to controlling this type of habit is to recognize when we start to procrastinate and understand why it happens, then take the steps to overcome it by managing our time. Procrastinating (2002), according to Merriam-Webster's Third New International Dictionary Unabridged [is putting off tasks that need to be done right now, and doing tasks that we are more comfortable doing. We procrastinate because we feel like there is always tomorrow to do it]. Tomorrow normally turns into the next day, then the next day and we find ourselves panicking to complete a task or assignment that we had more than enough time to complete if we would have stuck to a plan. For example, you sit in front of your computer to start your assignment. Read the instructions for the first three minutes then find yourself checking your e-mails and responding to them, thus putting off starting the assignment for a later time. People procrastinate for numerous reasons. Some of the more common reasons they procrastinate are [perfectionism, fear of failure, not having a clear goal, overwhelmed with task...
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...Growing up in a close rural community in Ireland, we learned at a young age the importance of helping the less fortunate. My parents also taught me the importance of teamwork and dedication. Growing up on a farm, I learned that everyone must work together for the benefit of the greater good. I moved to the United States when I was 19 in search of more opportunities. After working many medial jobs, I discovered that my true passion was working directly with people. Caring for others became a calling to me and becoming registered nurse became my focus in life. My journey began at the local community college. After completing forty credits I transferred to a bachelor degree program. Attending evening classed while working two jobs, with no family in the country was difficult. With a strong work ethic and determination, I successfully handled the challenges that I faced and became more resilient. Having worked as a registered nurse for almost four years, I have decided that I am ready to further my education. Health care is constantly evolving are with a greater need for advanced degree nurses. Throughout my time working in the hospital setting, education had become an area that interests me. All aspects of education within the hospital interest me, whether it involves patients, nursing students or new employees. Unfortunately, with constant financial cuts within health care, nurses often find themselves with very little time to spend educating their patients. I have decided to...
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...Overcoming Personal Procrastination Overcoming Personal Procrastination Abstract This paper will identify a personal problem of procrastination, where I will find solutions to help correct this problem, evaluate the information I have gathered, and explain how I will use the information to implement correction to my personal procrastination. Overcoming Personal Procrastination In my life I think I have always procrastinated. I remember since childhood in elementary school and middle school finishing projects the last day or late into the night before the project was due. Through this class, I have learned that it is partially due to my intense perfectionism. I get nervous and sometimes anxious of the impending project. It also has to do with the uncomfortable feeling of the unknown. When I do not know what I am going to do for a project, or I haven’t read what is expected, I push it off. I tend to always hit my deadlines, but do so in a hurry which does not help me to actually learn what I am working for. I don’t always procrastinate, but I undeniably do it frequently. I definitely always mean the best- as I want to be the best. Unfortunately, procrastination does not do me any justice. In order to overcome my procrastination I will need to do more than recognize it. Of course, though, it is a very important first step to fixing the problem. Besides understanding procrastination and how it develops, I need to do more research on understanding it and find...
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...ticket for Broadway show. We do not start our Christmas shopping until Christmas Eve… Procrastination is a curse to modern people. Every body knows that it is a hindrance on the way toward success. But we still deliberately postpone our job in spite of knowing this fact. Why is the evilness of procrastination so powerful? Is there anything under the curse? What on earth makes us procrastinate? People tend to avoid the job they dislike. For most of us, a lack of motivation plays a major role in keeping us away from focusing on our tasks. When we are assigned with something that are not interesting to us, we cultivate a listless attitude towards them. We are reluctant to even think about them. Even when we start our job, we constantly get distracted, especially ones that do not take lots of commitment on their part. Checking what’s up on Facebook group or our email perfectly satisfy this purpose. We assume we won’t waste much time on those unrelated things but actually we do. By clicking a link on Facebook page, we are attracted to thousands other links on it. By entering the e-mail box, even if there’s nothing new, we can’t help but start deleting the past spams. Why? We are simply avoiding something that we are not motivated to do. On the other hand, we procrastinators fear making mistakes. We worship perfectionism and it directly leads to procrastination. Oftentimes, procrastination is a sign of fear of making mistakes. We sometimes have extremely high or unrealistic expectations...
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...Personal Responsibility – Key to Success There are a number of doors that lead to success, and personal responsibility is a key to most of those doors. Personal responsibility is an ability to handle issues, tasks and problems on one’s own. Personal responsibility is very important. Responsible people know how to balance their school, work, and personal lives, keeping their lives in harmony. Responsible people know how to prioritize and schedule their time accordingly, so that they rule the day and not allowing the day to rule them. Responsible person may fall into perfectionism, but there are strategies and techniques to avoid such pitfall. Personal responsibility is the key to success. Responsible people know how to prioritize and schedule their time accordingly. Things that are urgent and important need to be done first, while things that are not urgent and not important can be saved for later. People who are responsible take charge of their day, instead of allowing the day to control them. Ellis (2011) stated, “When you set goals and manage time, your life does not just happen by chance. You are on equal terms with the greatest sculptor, painter, or playwright. More than creating a work of art, you are designing a life” (p. 74). Indrawan agrees, “freedom is found in personal responsibility” (Indrawan, 2011, para. 2). According to Indrawan (2011), when her clients decide to take personal responsibility for who they are, what they do, and what they think, as opposed to...
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