...tutoring is a term that’s been used to describe a wide array of tutoring arrangements, but most of the research on its success refers to students working in pairs to help one another learn material or practice an academic task. Peer tutoring works best when students of different ability levels work together (Kunsch, Jitendra, & Sood, 2007). During a peer tutoring assignment it is common for the teacher to have students switch roles partway through so that the tutor becomes the one being tutored. Since explaining a concept to another helps extend one’s own learning, this practice gives students the opportunity to understand better the material being studied. What does the research say about peer tutoring? In reviews of peer tutoring programs, researchers found: * When students participated in the role of reading tutor, improvements in reading achievement occurred * When tutors were explicitly trained in the tutoring process, they were far more effective and the students they were tutoring experienced significant gains in achievement * Most of the students benefited from peer tutoring in some way, but same-age tutors were as effective as cross-age tutors (Burnish, Fuchs & Fuchs, 2005; Topping, 2008) Some benefits of peer tutoring for students include higher academic achievement, improved relationships with peers, improved personal and social development as well as increased motivation. In turn, the teacher benefits from this model of instruction by an increased...
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...The current issue and full text archive of this journal is available at www.emeraldinsight.com/1352-2752.htm YouTube: an opportunity for consumer narrative analysis? Stefano Pace ` Universita Bocconi, Milano, Italy Abstract Purpose – The aim of the paper is to discuss a possible extension of narrative analysis to a new medium of expression of consumer behaviour, specifically YouTube. Design/methodology/approach – Marketing and consumer behaviour studies often apply narrative analysis to understand consumption. The consumer is a source of introspective narratives that are studied by scholars. However, consumption has a narrative nature in itself and consumers are also storytellers. YouTube is a new context in which subjects tell stories to an audience through self-made videos and re-edited TV programs. After defining the pros and cons of different approaches to the study of YouTube, narrative analysis is presented as a possible means of understanding YouTube. Findings – Some preliminary evidence is presented by discussing several YouTube videos. These indicate that YouTube content can be better understood as stories, rather than example of other approaches, such as visual analysis, media studies, videography, and others. Research limitations/implications – From the analysis conducted, preliminary managerial implications can be drawn. It seems unlikely that normal TV broadcasters will be substituted by YouTube videos. For the most part, YouTube content draws its sense and shared...
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...Associate Program Material Appendix C Rhetorical Modes Matrix Rhetorical modes are methods for effectively communicating through language and writing. Complete the following chart to identify the purpose and structure of the various rhetorical modes used in academic writing. Provide at least 2 tips for writing each type of rhetorical device. |Rhetorical Mode |Purpose – Explain when or why |Structure – Explain what organizational |Provide 2 tips for writing in | | |each rhetorical mode is used. |method works best with each rhetorical mode. |each rhetorical mode. | |Narration |Anytime you tell what happened |The organizational method that works best |Two tips for narrative writing| | |or tell a story you use |with narrative writing is chronological |are decide if the story is | | |narration. |order. |factual or fictional, and use | | | | |transitional words and | | | | |phrases. | | |The purpose of an illustration |Order of importance is the best way to |One tip is to use transitional| |Illustration |essay is to show or demonstrate |organize an illustration...
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...Beginning SEI Strategies Kristin Edwards Grand Canyon University ESL-523N September 11, 2013 Module 5 – Beginning SEI Strategies Vocabulary Development Approaches | Analysis(Describe the approach; determine how to use the approach in lessons.) | Application(After analyzing offer specific ways to apply the approaches in lessons.) | Advantages | Extension Strategies | TPR | Total Physical Response is physical response that is giving off by students that is followed behind a giving command. | Activities that are listening and responding that are used by various ESL programs for beginner ELLs. | Activities are used to prepare students to follow and understand commands that may hear require a physical reaction. | Demonstrate desired behavior. Help student respond language expressions that they are not familiar with. | Storytelling | To communicate effectively through oral language that is sensual and that is pedagogically sound. | Educator can combined the TPR approach and have the children act out this storytelling that has the students pantomime the story. | Just by informing the students about target cultures, students will benefit in getting familiar with other cultural experiences from children in the classroom. | Read aloud while pointing to the material being read to connect the material that is written to that is oral. | Contextual Clues | Language assistance for comprehension and/or expression is accessible for students who need assistance for...
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...N I N G O B J E C T I V E S 10 1. Identify the purpose and structure of narrative writing. 2. Recognize how to write a narrative essay. Rhetorical modes simply mean the ways in which we can effectively communicate through language. This chapter covers nine common rhetorical modes. As you read about these nine modes, keep in mind that the rhetorical mode a writer chooses depends on his or her purpose for writing. Sometimes writers incorporate a variety of modes in one essay. In covering the nine rhetorical modes, this chapter also emphasizes these as a set of tools that will allow you greater flexibility and effectiveness in communicating with your audience and expressing your ideas. rhetorical modes The ways in which we effectively communicate through language. 1.1 The Purpose of Narrative Writing Narration means the art of storytelling, and the purpose of narrative writing is to tell stories. Any time you tell a story to a friend or family member about an event or incident in your day, you engage in a form of narration. In addition, a narrative can be factual or fictional. A factual story is one that is based on, and tries to be faithful to, actual events as they unfolded in real life. A fictional story is a made-up, or imagined, story; the writer of a fictional story can create characters and events as he or she sees fit. However, the big distinction between factual and fictional narratives is based on a writer’s purpose. The writers of factual stories try to recount...
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...What factors affect reading? | | | | | | * A non-encouraging reading home environment * A non-encouraging reading classroom environment * Vision problems * Lack of interest in the book * Hearing - Speech impedement, Hard of Hearing, or deafness * Lack of background knowledge * Lack of strong vocabulary base * Gender * Intelligence with the ability to 1) learn, 2) problem solve, or 3) see relationships in reading * Language differences/Dialect/Cultural difference | | In Preventing Reading Difficulties in Young Children, Snow, Burns, & Griffin (1998) presented a synthesis of research on the conditions that contribute to successful reading. The authors identified the following factors as predictors of success and failure in reading: Physical and Clinical Factors | Predictors of School Entry | Acquired Knowledge of Literacy | Family-based Risk Factors | Neighborhood, Community, and School-based Factors | Cognitive deficienciesHearing problemsEarly language impairmentAttention deficit/hyperactivity disordersVision problems | Acquired proficiency in languageVerbal memoryLexical and syntactic skillsOverall languagePhonological awarenessOral Vocabulary | Reading readinessLetter identificationConcepts of printPhonemic awareness | Family history of reading difficultiesHome literacy environmentOpportunities for verbal interactionHome language other than EnglishUse of a nonstandard dialect of English in the homeSocioeconomic status | Environmental...
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...INT 201: NARRATIVE AND CHARACTER DEVELOPMENT ASSESSMENT 01 AVATAR (2009) is a science fiction epic directed by James Cameron centred around a growing conflict between a human corporation and an alien species Known as the Na’vi, on the latter’s native planet of Pandora. Like most blockbusters a third person shooter tie-in was also released by developer Ubisoft. The video game, James’ Cameron’s AVATAR: The Game, is set two years prior in the form of a prequel. Despite this it does little to expand on the films cannon and instead offers up a similarly tailored adventure that adheres to the basic parameters of the movie, utilising many of the same key moments across a clear and discernible 3 act structure. A cross comparative analysis of the two mediums, utilising Volger’s 12 steps Hero’s Journey demonstrates however how the games at first honours this time honoured journey, being plotted along Volger’s step before discarding them to its own detriment. The similarities in the narrative structure of both the film and the game differ little, particularly across their first act structures. Much like the films protagonist Jake Scully your character avatar, Able Ryder, will similarly find him/herself awakening from cryo after a prolonged journey from earth, leaving the ‘ordinay world’ and answering the ‘call to adventure’ within the exotic forests of Pandora. The hero archetype Jake is a fully realised character from the films introduction, who during the...
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...Storytelling at its Best Caitlin Lawrence ENG-114-90 Storytelling is at the centre of human experience. It is a compelling form of communication, a way to interact with each other. Storytelling is as ancient as humankind, it predates the written word and even the spoken word! Through stories we let people know what is important to us: our struggles and our life lessons, our beliefs, our values, our traditions, our hopes and our dreams. Telling stories is a way to honour our past, describe our present and shape our future. The Storytelling in Organizations bring narrative insights into the contemporary business scene by documenting and promoting the constructive role and widespread importance of storytelling in corporate, non-profit, small business, education, and other settings. Further, by clarifying the dynamic, integral relationship between narrative and organizational development, advances the role of storytellers as workplace consultants. Organizational stories provide an effective way to convey fundamental understandings necessary to workplace design and culture. The specific kind of knowledge that stories communicate is crucial. While information can be said to be the lifeblood of every organization, information alone is never enough. Crucial to success are stories that speak to the heart of why information matters. Stories supply facts with meaning, and value propositions with illustrations; they testify to core beliefs and kindle aspirations that motivate and...
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...Associate Program Material Appendix C Rhetorical Modes Matrix Rhetorical modes are methods for effectively communicating through language and writing. Complete the following chart to identify the purpose and structure of the various rhetorical modes used in academic writing. Provide at least two tips for writing each type of rhetorical device. NOTE: You may not copy and paste anything directly from the textbook or a web site. All information included in this assignment must be written in your own words. Rhetorical Mode | * Purpose – Explain when or why each rhetorical mode is used. | Structure – Identify the organizational method that works best with each rhetorical mode. | Tips – Provide two tips for writing in each rhetorical mode. | Narration | The purpose is to tell the reader a story. | You need to understand the four basic components to all narratives which are the plot, character, conflict, and theme. | -It must be fact or fiction.-You are telling the reader a series of events in an exciting way. | Illustration | The purpose is to show the reader a clear picture. | You need to use specific details. | -You want to keep your introduction very interesting to the reader is excited.-Make sure to use clear supporting details so the reader is able to visualize what you are saying. | Description | The purpose is to be able to understand a person, place, or object using sensory details. | Using description you will set the tone and point of your essay....
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...be found in the movie. What’s more, the lighting in this film is high-key lighting which connotes the meaning of happiness and serenity. Moreover, the mode of address in this film is indirect to the audience which was used the third person angle to encode the meaning to the audience. On the other hand, I choose this movie because of few reasons. Firstly, I love the main character- Zac Efron very much. He has acted in many teenage romance films before, for instance, High School Musical 1, 2 and3. After I watched the High School Musical, I admire his out-looking and his acting skills. Therefore, I choose this film. Besides, the narrative of this movie is very special, which is a non-linear structure and always include some flashback scenes. Firstly, I am going to analyzing the narrative structure of this text. As Todorov mentioned; narrative structure can be divided into 5 parts, which are equilibrium, disequilibrium conflict, recognition of disequilibrium, attempt to...
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...October 31, 2012 Point of View The short story, The Lady with the Pet Dog, written by Anton Chekhov is narrated in the omniscient, third person style. “From this point of view, the narrator can move from place to place and pass back and forth through time” (136). Also, “this narrator can report the characters’ thoughts and feelings aw well as what they say and do” (136). The all knowing speaker of this story tells us, the readers, all about the whirl wind affair of Dmitry Dmitrich Gurov and Anna Sergeyevna in such a way that we can draw our own conclusions about their characters. The narrator, who plays no character part in this story, does seem to know everything about the lovebirds. S/he also explains each character’s personality and quips portions of their conversations. The conversations that we are told about give the reader insight into the feelings of Dmitry and Anna. We learn about their comings and goings from the narrator. In Yalta, the narrator tells us of the many social scenes like the esplanade, confectionery shop and a public garden. The narrator sees into the romantic situations of Dmitry and Anna’s hotel room encounters and the private conversations that also welcome the reader into the relationship. The pain and restraints of each character’s home and life are addresses by the narrator also. Whether ensconced in safe houses and relationships or free to roam while on vacation the reader learns it all from the narrator. The point of view of this...
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...Crash: Of Racial Discrimination and Stereotypes November 3rd, 2011 Crash: Of Racial Discrimination and Stereotypes Directed by Paul Haggis and produced in 2004, Crash was the Oscar Awards winner of Best Picture in 2006. Aside from Best Picture, the movie won only one other award: Best Original Screenplay for Paul Haggis and Robert Moresco. Despite its little recognition, Crash is an important movie to watch. Plot The plot of Crash is not about a typical, narrative story in the usual sense. Instead, it focuses on a theme or message and weaves several linked stories to highlight the theme. The movie is essentially about racial discrimination and the consequences of stereotyping people. Set in LA, the story covers a 24-hour period. The movie depicts the stories of several people whose lives are intertwined by accidental and casual encounters, usually on the streets. The characters in the story are people of varying ethnic groups: a bad and a good cop, a group of police investigators, a couple of teenage robbers, a DA and his wife, an Arab family, a Hispanic locksmith and his family, and an affluent African American movie director and his wife. The story revolves around how all of these people have deeply ingrained prejudices and how they themselves could suffer from discrimination. Theme and depiction Discrimination and stereotyping of people sometimes happen as a result of reinforcement of the behavior of the people being discriminatory...
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...This excerpt from Nabokov's Pnin focuses on the main character Pnin and how he is obsessed about his health and assumes every worst possibilities that could happen to him. In this extract Pnin is in a station waiting to board a bus to Cremona. Due to circumstances he has to leave his bag in the station and board the bus and that's when he starts getting paranoid and anxious that something is happening to him and he thinks to himself that it's because he left his bag in the station and something bad is going to happen to him. So he stops the bus, gets his refund and lands in the middle of a strange town and starts thinking more about why he is feeling the way he is. He manages to pull out all sort of discomfort he is feeling at that moment and questions everything he did the day earlier. It seems like this story was written from the viewpoint of Pnin's Physician and he knows that Pnin has always had the tendency to over think every situation that comes his way and has a way to make it look bad, like it's written in the excerpt, “...That the repulsive automation he lodged had developed consciousness of its own”. Pnin has also kept track of and noted down the date of all those time he got the same anxious feeling and he's very specific about it. He seem like a very fidgety and a nervous person as a whole. The narrators of this story sounds like he is also in the same state of mind as Pnin's because of the way he ponders about life, death and the world. Pnin seems very confused...
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...“The Gift of the Magi” Milton Wiscovitch Jr. ENG 125 Prof. Jennifer Chunn November 26, 2012 Theme and Narrative Elements of “The Gift of the Magi” O Henry’s short story written in 1906 “The Gift of the Magi” identifies the theme elements as poverty and love. The lack of money and living in a poor neighborhood affected both Della and Jim. They expressed their unconditional love for each other by sacrificing their most prized possessions in order to buy a Christmas gift. Through this act of love both Della and Jim saw how much they really loved each other by wanting to make their partner happy. This short story identifies that love has no boundaries over having money through self sacrifice when it comes to giving all you have for the one you love. The couple sacrificed items that brought them joy such as Della’s hair and Jim’s watch which was important to the both of them but wasn’t worth much financially (Clugston, 2010). The plot’s analysis centers around the initial situation which states that Della only has $1.87 to purchase her husband Jim a gift on Christmas Eve. Both Della and Jim are poor and love her husband more than in the whole world. Della’s long hair and Jim’s gold watch were the only things they had and gave them up for one another. In the conflict, Della sells her hair to get the money in order to purchase her husband Jim a gift. This solves the problem of not having enough money and later she finds the perfect present for her husband. This opposes...
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...The Role of Sound in The Thin Red Line Terrence Malick attempts to recreate a part of the war in the pacific on screen through the use of a variety of techniques in The Thin Red Line (1998). One of the most prevalent of these techniques is the use of sound in the movie. Unlike the majority of war movies this movie doesn’t feature a soundtrack that glorifies the battle scenes. The presence of periodic narration and a focus on natural sounds like wind and water moving across the landscape also set this film apart. These audio features combine flawlessly with video to create a very deep and seemingly realistic depiction of the horrors of war. There is little, if any, soundtrack in the intense scenes of battle. This stands out in contrast to the blockbuster action flicks that portray intense action as thrilling and exciting with high tempo musical scores. By creating this contrast with typical action movies Malick lets the audience know that this movie should not go down the same way as the latest Rambo movie does. When a musical soundtrack is present it is often sad and low or it is associated with the environment of the film, such as native islanders singing or sticks drumming against one another. The toned-down soundtrack gives the movie a more authentic feel. The musical soundtrack is most lighthearted when Pvt. Witt is with the natives, separated from the army and civilization. Malick also uses the soundtrack to highlight shifts in emotional scenes. An excellent example...
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